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1.
本研究分析了以火龙果为原料酿制的酒样的主要理化指标、风味成分、有害成分。结果表明,火龙果酒理化指标符合优级清香型白酒国家标准。通过液-液萃取、SPE固相萃取和20%(v/v)硫酸-甲醇甲酯化有机酸法结合GC-MS分析酒样中挥发性香气物质组分及百分含量。酒样中共检出酯类26种、醇类9种、酸类16种、醛类6种。酯类和醇类相对百分含量较高,分别为28.99%和25.63%。除此外酒样中还检出烷烃类、烯烃和杂环类物质。有害物质分析表明,火龙果酒中甲醇和氢氰酸含量均符合国家标准。  相似文献   

2.
为探讨红心火龙果酒贮藏过程中甜菜红素与抗氧化活性的变化关系和护色技术,该文通过研究自酿3种红心火龙果酒和市售红心火龙果酒的甜菜红素含量差异及其羟自由基清除能力、还原能力与ABTS+自由基清除能力的变化,并对贮藏过程中果酒的甜菜红素含量与其抗氧化能力进行相关性分析。结果表明:随着贮藏时间的延长,添加茶多酚与乙二胺四乙酸二钠两种护色剂的红心火龙果酒的甜菜红素保存率最高,基本保持在81.22%之间。4种果酒的抗氧化能力强弱为:复配护色剂的红心火龙果酒>单一护色剂的红心火龙果酒>红心火龙果原酒>市售红心火龙果酒。随着贮藏时间的延长,红心火龙果酒的抗氧化活性呈下降趋势,且色素的降解与其抗氧化性大小呈极显著正相关(R2=0.9~0.998),在红心火龙果酒中添加复配护色剂可以有效护色和保持红心火龙果酒的抗氧化能力。  相似文献   

3.
以红心火龙果为原料酿造果酒,通过单因素和正交试验研究影响火龙果酒发酵因素,在此基础上进行20 L小量试验,再以小量试验为基础进行8 t原料中试生产应用,发酵生产获得火龙果酒原酒5 t,获得适合中小型酒厂的火龙果酒酿造工艺流程及操作要点。结果表明,选用9成熟红心火龙果,调整果汁浓度至可溶性固形物为9°Bx、初始糖度23%、接种0.04%BV818安琪酵母,21℃发酵7 d,该条件下得到火龙果原酒酒精度为13.2%vol,酒体色泽紫红,口感柔和,澄清透明,具有突出的火龙果果香和酒香。  相似文献   

4.
应用植酸处理白酒中固形物的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
白酒中固形物超标,一直是困扰酒果的一大难题,本试验采用植酸处理白酒中的固形物,效果明显,安全无毒,取酒液95ml,加植酸5ml,摇匀稀释成100ml植酸酒液,以固形物含量在0.43g/L的大曲酒做试验,酒度分别降至52%(v/v)和37%(v/v),加入植酸稀液对比试验,结果表明,52%(v/v),酒样固形物下降最高可达47.72%;37%(v/v)酒样固形物下降最高可达24.39%,植酸添加量高度酒在0.02%--0.06%,低度酒可使用0.015%-0.03%。  相似文献   

5.
毛樱桃,又称山樱桃、野樱桃、山豆子。含有多种维生素和丰富的矿质元素,总糖含量达14%。制酒方法:选料后破碎(不要压破果核)送入容器中,加入40%~50%(v/v)食用酒精浸泡,搅拌,20~30天后过滤分离得一次原酒。果渣再用25%~30%(v/v)食用酒精浸泡20~30天,压榨、分离  相似文献   

6.
浓香型苦丁茶酒的研制   总被引:6,自引:5,他引:1  
苦丁茶分别采用加水煮沸与酒精浸提制成浓茶汁,两种茶汁合并、精滤后得茶叶调味酒。将调味酒稀释后兑入到38%(v/v)浓香型基酒中,用冰糖、甜味剂、柠檬酸勾调,再用10%的明胶悬浮液使酒液澄清,得酒精度20%(v/v)的苦丁茶酒。该酒既保持了浓香型酒的特点,又有茶饮料的风格。(陶然)  相似文献   

7.
采用红肉火龙果为原料制备火龙果酒,使用罗汉果甜苷和蔗糖调配得到2种甜味发酵型火龙果酒,利用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS)和电子鼻分析其挥发性成分,应用香气活性值(OAV)法、香气轮廓法对其关键香气成分及特征香气成分鉴定。结果表明,2种火龙果酒共鉴定出50种挥发性成分,其中10种物质OAV≥1,其中乙酸乙酯、己酸乙酯被鉴定为特征香气成分。2种火龙果酒香气轮廓相近,主要香气特征为果香、脂肪味、香料味及焦糖味,罗汉果甜苷火龙果酒在果香和香料味香气特征上更突出。电子鼻检测2种火龙果酒香气特征与GC-MS分析结果一致。在甜味火龙果酒生产中使用天然代糖罗汉果甜苷替代蔗糖,可达到增香效果。  相似文献   

8.
为探索红心火龙果酒颜色稳定性的影响因素,进而确定其最佳贮藏条件,以自酿红心火龙果酒为试验对象,研究温度、光照、pH值和氮气对果酒颜色稳定性和口感的影响。研究表明:环境温度越高,红心火龙果酒颜色褪色越快,同时果酒口感也变差。光照能加速分解火龙果酒中的甜菜红色素,随着光照时间的延长,果酒的酒味变淡,酒性不协调。不同的pH值对红心火龙果酒的颜色和口感有显著的影响,在不影响口感的前提下,火龙果酒中甜菜红色素在pH 4时较稳定。充氮气可减缓色素降解,接触空气会加速色素的降解。红心火龙果酒的贮藏过程中应注意冷藏避光,在适宜的pH值下密封储存,且可适量填充氮气。  相似文献   

9.
火龙果酒发酵工艺研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
用新鲜红皮红肉型火龙果果实为原料,以酵母用量、含糖量、发酵时间和发酵温度等因素进行单因素实验,研究果汁发酵的最佳时间、温度、含糖量和酵母用量.采用纯果汁发酵和带渣发酵两种方法,分析比较成品酒的感官指标.实验结果表明,采用火龙果纯果汁发酵, 果肉破碎后取纯果汁,含糖量调整至17 %,酵母接种量10 %,28 ℃发酵6 d,成品果酒的酒度为7 %vol~8 %vol,酸度0.4 %~0.5 %,总糖5 %~6 %,色泽浅红自然,酒体澄清透明,具有清雅和谐的果香和酒香,富有营养价值,具有多种保健功效.  相似文献   

10.
发酵型无花果酒酿造工艺研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
王琳  岳田利 《中国酿造》2005,(10):59-62
对无花果酒酿造工艺、操作要点进行了研究。结果表明:在糖浓度为20%-22%的无花果清汁中加入60mg/L~90mg/L的SO2,接入5g/L-7g/L葡萄酒活性干酵母,20℃发酵14d;可以使发酵彻底,原酒残糖量低,酒精度最高可达11.2%(v/v);同时既可以保证酒质,也不会延长发酵时间。  相似文献   

11.
Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.  相似文献   

12.
An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.  相似文献   

13.
The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.  相似文献   

14.
The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.  相似文献   

15.
A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.  相似文献   

16.
17.
BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H2O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.  相似文献   

18.
The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.  相似文献   

19.
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in the detection of the adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum. For CE analyses, standards of locust bean and guar gums were extracted with 30% CH3CN, removing the residual proteins from the gum matrix. A 8.75 mM NaH2PO4-20.6 mM Na2B4O7 buffer, pH 9, was used to separate these proteins and to identify marker proteins that were present in the guar gum. These markers did not co-migrate with components in the extracts of mechanically processed locust bean gum, and are used as indicators of adulteration. Using PLM with toluidine blue and iodine staining techniques, unadulterated locust bean gum samples were distinguished from mixed samples through the differential staining of components in locust bean versus guar and tara gums. These experiments in the use of CE and PLM provide orthogonal and complementary methods for the verification of 'true' positives and the elimination of 'false' positives.  相似文献   

20.
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