微好氧颗粒污泥形成过程中的理化特性

以厌氧颗粒污泥为接种污泥,在微好氧条件下(溶解氧浓度0.2～0.7 mg/L范围)经过60～70天的驯化培养,得到能有效降解五氯酚(PCP)的微好氧颗粒污泥.对成熟的微好氧颗粒污泥的外观和扫描电镜分析表明,颗粒污泥为具有光滑边界的圆形或椭圆形,颜色呈浅黑色;新生颗粒颜色呈浅褐色;微生物相的扫描电镜观察显示,颗粒污泥主要含有球菌和短杆菌;颗粒污泥中Fe是最主要的元素,K和Na含量也较高,同时还含有少量的Ca,Mg,Ni,Co,Mn,Cu和Zn.在PCP浓度达10mg/L·d时,微好氧颗粒污泥对PCP、C0DCr和AOX的去除率分别达81.3%,80.8%和80.6%.     

ORP对微氧颗粒污泥降解五氯酚的影响

微氧颗粒污泥工艺能够同时进行好氧氧化和厌氧还原过程,是处理五氯酚(PEP)的理想方法.本研究对微氧颗粒污泥降解PCP限制性生态因子ORP(oxidation-reduction potential)的作用规律进行了研究.实验结果表明,PCP去除率随ORP的升高而降低,出水PCP、TeCP(四氯酚)和TCP(三氯酚)浓度随ORP的降低而降低,DCP(二氯酚)浓度却呈现升高的趋势.低ORP值下引起Cl-生成量降低,造成DCP的积累.随ORP的变化,CODCr去除率和产气量变化幅度很小.     

不同溶解氧浓度下微氧颗粒污泥降解五氯酚的特性

微氧颗粒污泥工艺能够同时进行好氧氧化和厌氧还原过程,是处理五氯酚(PCP)的理想方法。本文对微氧颗粒污泥降解PCP限制性生态因子溶解氧浓度(DO)的作用规律进行了研究,为加速工业应用提供工艺参数。实验结果表明,在微氧范围内(DO浓度小于1.0mg/L),CODCr有较高的去除率,产气量较高;适当增加DO浓度,有利于PCP达到彻底脱氯;而DO浓度较高时,不仅不利于CODCr的去除以及PCP的脱氯,而且吹脱作用会导致周围空气的污染。     

好氧颗粒污泥的形成及其性质

综述了好氧颗粒污泥的研究进展 ,包括好氧颗粒污泥的基本特征和微生物相、好氧颗粒污泥形成的主要条件及其颗粒化过程、好氧颗粒污泥反应器等 .好氧颗粒污泥是近几年发现的在好氧条件下自发形成的细胞自身固定化颗粒 ,具有良好的沉淀性能、较高的生物量和在高容积负荷条件下降解高浓度有机废水的良好生物活性 .颗粒化过程是一个多阶段的过程 ,取决于废水组成、操作条件和适当的选择压等因素 .SBR反应器 (SequencingBatchReactor)有利于好氧颗粒污泥的形成     

优势降解菌群强化好氧颗粒污泥处理制浆废水

以土壤杆菌、杆状菌、肠杆菌、戈登氏菌、恶臭假单胞菌和施氏假单胞菌为出发菌株,利用统计学分析方法分析筛选出对制浆废水降解作用显著的4株菌(土壤杆菌、杆状菌、戈登氏菌、恶臭假单胞菌);用筛选得到的优势降解菌群对好氧颗粒污泥进行强化,并用普通好氧颗粒污泥和强化后的好氧颗粒污泥对经厌氧活性污泥处理后的废水进行深度处理。结果表明,经普通好氧颗粒污泥和强化后的好氧颗粒污泥深度处理后,废水的CODCr由538 mg/L分别降为213和176 mg/L,色度由375度分别降为206和150度。     

好氧颗粒污泥处理再生纤维造纸废水二级出水的研究

采用序批式颗粒污泥床反应器(SBBGR)培养、驯化好氧颗粒污泥,并应用于处理再生纤维造纸废水二级出水,探讨废水中污染物的去除效果,分析反应器中微生物种群的变化。结果表明,在进水(二级出水) COD_Cr和BOD₅分别为(190±33.4) mg/L和(7.2±1.7) mg/L条件下,出水COD_Cr可降至(95±22) mg/L,去除率为(47.7±5.0)%;红外光谱和气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析表明,SBBGR反应器对芳香族化合物为代表的特征污染物具有良好的降解去除效果;微生物群落分析表明,经过驯化后具有降解废水中芳香族化合物能力的微生物在污泥中的相对丰度提高,SBBGR反应器有降解木质素的能力。     

采用好氧颗粒污泥工艺处理亚铵法制浆中段废水

针对亚铵法制浆中段废水的特点和好氧颗粒污泥工艺,提出了采用好氧颗粒污泥工艺处理亚铵法制浆废水,并对其进行可行性分析.分析表明,好氧颗粒污泥工艺在降解CODCr、去除NH3-N方面具有明显优势.文中还分析了高浓度硫酸盐、亚硫酸盐对该工艺的抑制作用,并提出了消除抑制的方法.     

nZVI对好氧颗粒污泥短期冲击性影响研究

本研究采用批次试验,考察了不同nZVI浓度对好氧颗粒污泥性能的冲击影响。结果表明,nZVI投加量由0 mg/L增至25 mg/L时,好氧颗粒污泥对NH4+-N的去除率显著增强;nZVI浓度为5 mg/L时,好氧颗粒污泥对出水NH4+-N及TN的去除率最高,分别较对照组提高22.75%和51.77%。污泥氨氧化速率的测定结果表明:当nZVI的投加量为5 mg/L时,好氧颗粒污泥氨氧化速率最高,促进作用最明显;当nZVI投加浓度为25 mg/L时,好氧颗粒污泥分泌的LB-EPS含量最高,而TB-EPS含量最低;当nZVI的投加量从0 mg/L提高至50 mg/L时,好氧颗粒污泥对nZVI的吸附比例逐渐升高。扫描电镜(SEM)结果表明:好氧颗粒污泥表面吸附了大量nZVI,造成微生物菌群中丝状细菌大量减少,影响了污泥表面的微生物生态。     

构建优势菌群提高好氧污泥对制浆废水的处理效果

利用构建的优势降解菌群强化好氧颗粒污泥,提高制浆造纸废水的降解效果,在厌氧处理的基础上,原始好氧污泥处理后,废水COD由629 mg/L降至203mg/L,废水色度由118 C.U.降至91 C.U.;而强化好氧污泥处理后,废水COD由629mg/L降至146mg/L,废水色度由118 C.U降至72 C.U.。并研究了好氧处理阶段的微生物过程反应动力学以及制浆废水COD降解动力学,建立了该处理阶段废水COD降解的动力学模型。     

氯酚菌的筛选及其对氯酚的降解

通过驯化筛选分离出7株高效降解氯酚的菌株,采用冷冻法通过3种不同组合方式(①氯酚优势好氧菌和厌氧颗粒污泥的混合固定;②中氯酚优势好氧菌单独固定后再与厌氧颗粒污泥混合;③氯酚优势好氧菌直接投加到厌氧颗粒污泥中)在微好氧及厌氧条件下进行了研究.结果表明,在微好氧条件下,氯酚优势好氧菌和厌氧颗粒污泥的混合固定可以实现氯酚厌氧好氧同时降解;而在厌氧过程中,3种组合方式的氯酚降解速率则没有明显差别.厌氧好氧的活性实验也进一步证实了固定化颗粒中厌氧、好氧菌活性的存在.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.     

National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the "13~(th) Five-Year Plan"

In Apri Commi major p Plan＂ （h 2014, the National Development and Reform ssion issued an announcement for selection of reliminary research projects for the ＂13th Five-Year ereafter referred to as ＂The Announcement＂）     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the latest scientific     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Anti-mutagenic compounds from corn

In previous studies with aflatoxin-contaminated corn an uncharacteristic response for AFB₁ in the Salmonella/microsomal mutagenicity assay (Ames test) was observed and the presence of anti-aflatoxin factors in the corn was suggested. In the current study, corn was extracted and fractionated using thin layer chromatography (TLC) using different developing solvent systems and the Ames test was used to monitor for anti-mutagenic activity in the corn fractions. Both Salmonella tester strains TA98 and TA100 with metabolic activation (S9) were used. Several corn fractions, at different stages in the isolation and purification process, showed anti-mutagenic dose-responses when exposed to pure AFB₁. Corn extracts were non-toxic to the tester strains and TLC fractions that showed the best anti-mutagenic dose-responses were selected for further partial characterization analyses.