超滤和果胶酶处理对澄清型红葡萄汁质量的影响

采用国产超滤膜和果胶酶生产葡萄汁，试验结果表明，利用０．０２％￣０．０４％的果胶酶处理，超滤前用微波加热到７０℃进行预澄清处理，利用７０ｋｕ的超滤膜进行超滤，可以制得透光率在９０％以上的澄清型红葡萄汁。     

超滤法澄清西番莲果汁的研究

以寻求提高西番莲原汁超滤时的渗透通量为目的，用国产芳香聚酰胺膜平板超滤器进行试验，对超滤操作条件，果汁预处理，膜的清洗进行研究。结果表明，西番莲原汁超滤时渗透通量最高的操作压力为0．15MPa，最佳进料速度为22mL/s，操作温度为室温；原汁经海藻酸钠—碳酸钠澄清剂预处理后可以明显增大渗透通量；超滤处理后。原汁的西番莲固有滋味和品质得到较好保留。采用超滤澄清法生产高质量的西番莲原汁是可行的。     

用中空纤维超滤膜法澄清橙汁

对中空纤维超滤膜法澄清橙汁(Citrus sinensis)进行了研究。试验着重研究了操作压力、温度、物料浓度和进料流速对膜透过速率的影响,并测定了超滤(?)中的营养成分的保存率。还探讨了超滤作为膜蒸馏浓缩预处理的可能性。结果表明,超滤法澄清橙汁是可行的．对果汁营养成分及风味无显著影响。由于超滤除去了果胶等固形物,因此能提高膜蒸馏过程的蒸馏通量。     

膜过滤技术在酿酒水处理中的应用

应用国产膜过滤机进行水处理，可有效去除水中细菌等微生物及沉淀、悬浮物、滤后水的浊度〈０．１度，澄清度大为提高，某些金属元素的含量降低５０％￣７５％，超滤后的水质高于国家生活饮用水标准及Ｏ．Ｍ．Ｓ．标准。适用于白酒业低度酒加浆，及饮料用水。     

“康复神”功能食品的作用观察

“康复神”是以食用生物细胞酶解液和纹股蓝总皂甙为主要原料精制而成的一种复康型功能食品。动物实验结果显示：喂服“康复神”的实验组小鼠与对照组相比，能明显地延长负重小鼠的游泳时间（Ｐ〈０．０１），延长其在高温（Ｐ〈０．０５）或低温（Ｐ〈０．０５）或低温（Ｐ〈０．０）条件下的生存时间，增加Ｔ－淋巴细胞总数（Ｐ〈０．０１），提高外周巨噬细胞的吞噬功能（Ｐ〈０．０５）和小鼠的胸腺重量（Ｐ〈０．０１）。运动员     

几种国产超滤膜在苹果汁澄清中应用的比较

选用国光苹果为原料研究了超滤技术对苹果汁澄清作用的影响，筛选出了适合苹果汁超滤澄清的国产超滤膜。对国产的聚砜（ＰＳ）、磺化聚砜（ＳＰＳ）、聚砜—磺化聚砜共混膜（ＰＳ－ＳＰＳ）及聚丙烯腈（ＰＡＮ）四种膜进行筛选，通过比较压密曲线、澄清效果、衰减曲线、可溶性固形物、ｐＨ值及其它理化、感官指标，认为ＰＳ膜及ＰＳ－ＳＰＳ膜适于在苹果汁澄清中应用。     

国内期刊文摘

利用吸附树脂处理苹果酒冉艳红 ,于淑娟 ,杨春哲 ,高大维食品与发酵工业 ,２００１ ,（１０） :４９-５２．研究了吸附树脂澄清苹果酒的新工艺 ,选出了合适的吸附树脂及其再生方法。结果表明 ,在试验的５种树脂中 ,Ａ -４３和Ｈ -５的澄清效果最好 ,处理后苹果酒的脱色率达到２８ % ;树脂的再生用９０℃ ,质量分数０．５ %ＮａＯＨ溶液可有效再生树脂 ,基本恢复原有水平。吸附树脂可有效去除苹果酒中的可溶性蛋白质和酚类物质 ,但对苹果酒澄清度提高不大 ,必须结合超滤处理。（丹妮）利用啤酒麦糟培养木霉条件的研究孙玉梅 ,王培忠 ,何连芳 …     

黄酒非生物浑浊和沉淀的特点与解决方法

黄酒产品在货架期容易发生非生物浑浊和沉淀，浑浊沉淀形成的机理主要有蛋白质沉淀、铁沉淀和氧化沉淀。参与沉淀的物质有单宁、多糖、蛋白质、多酚等物质及Fe，Al，Mg，Ca等金属元素。解决黄酒沉淀的方法有：①过滤处理法，包括膜过滤法、微滤与冷冻处理法和管式膜超滤法；②澄清助荆处理法，包括吸附型澄清助剂、酶制剂型澄清助剂、稳定型澄清助剂和复合型澄清助剂处理法。     

氯化锌法蔗渣制备活性炭研究

本文用蔗渣为原料，以氯化锌为活化剂制备活性炭，研究了连续升温法和恒温法中氯化锌用量化温度、活化时间对产品吸附性能的影响，并得出以２．０：１的锌屑比，从３００￣５８０℃连续升温活化４７ｍｉｎ可制得较佳的产品。     

超滤法处理芦苇烧碱法制浆过程的漂白废水

用五种不同截留分子量的超滤膜．对烧碱法芦苇制浆三段漂白废水进行了超滤处理．在不同透过率时．测定了：(1)过滤速率．(2)色素去除率，(3)木素去除率．(4)总碳去除率．(5)CODcr击除率以及(6)有机氧去除率．结果发现．超滤法处理芦苇三段漂白废水的效果明显．特别是对碱抽提段废水．     

影响大豆分离蛋白乳化稳定性测定的几种因素研究

采用离心法对影响大豆分离蛋白乳化稳定性的测定结果的几种因素进行了研究。通过研究得出如下结论：对乳化稳定性影响最大的是油相体积分数，然后依次是蛋白质溶液浓度、pH、离子强度、离心速度。在测定的范围内，均质速度、均质时间、水浴加热时间、加热温度和离心时间对测定结果的影响都很小。     

A COMPARISON OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING RECOMMENDED METHOD AND THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ORGANIZATION METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE IN BARLEY

The Institute of Brewing and International Standards Organization methods for barley moisture have been compared. The precision of both methods is similar but the International Standards Organization method has given slightly higher values.     

探索突破大学物理课程难点的途径

简要介绍了作者对于大学物理课程中难点的教学方法的系统研究,通过深入调查研究选定了该课程各部分重点内容中的9个主要难点,分别从教材、教学方法上有针对性地进行研究和反复实践,以探索突破难点的途径,在此基础上撰写了《大学物理重大难点专题辅导》作为辅助教材使用,3年来突破课程难点的工作已有明显效果。     

THE DETERMINATION OF EXTRACT CONTENT OF MAIZE

For the determination of extract content of maize Termamyl® 60L NOVO is recommended as the enzyme source.     

THE SUPPRESSION OF GUSHING BY THE USE OF HOP OIL

The addition to beer of small amounts of hop oil provides a means of suppressing gushing, without adversely affecting foam stability. The hydrocarbon fraction of hop oil is a more effective gushing suppressor than the oxygenated fraction.     

PREDICTION OF THE LAUTERING PERFORMANCE OF MALT

The lautering performance of malt in a laboratory column can be predicted from the results of a series of simple analytical estimations. For normal commercial malts, prediction of lautering rates requires measurement of particle size after passage through a roller mill, combined with results from a simple sedimentation test. For poorly-modified malts a laboratory scale mashing operation is additionally required. This allows estimation of the volume of fine particles in the exhausted mash bed and a measurement of wort viscosity.     

DETERMINATION OF THE FILTERABILITY OF BEER

A method for the determination of the filterability of beer has been evaluated by members of the European Brewery Convention Analysis Committee. The method is based on the filtration of a beer sample, with a standard amount of diatomaceous earth (DE), under standardised conditions. Repeatability of the test was quite good, however the predictive value of the test is still questionable since no direct correlation could be established between the different filtercake values and industrial filtration problems. No collaborative test was performed as the filterability has to be determined on unfiltered beer; the test is easy to run, and as for the other filterability tests, day to day practice in a brewery will reveal its usefulness.     

THE APPLICATION OF TRANSMISSION NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY TO THE ANALYSIS OF WORTS

Transmission near infrared spectroscopy has been evaluated for the analysis of ‘laboratory’ worts. Good agreement between manual and near infrared methods has been obtained for Hot Water Extract and total carbohydrates. Satisfactory calibrations have been developed for fermentable sugars, fermentability and free alpha-amino nitrogen. No sample preparation was required. Hence, this technique provides a rapid and non-destructive method for measuring all these parameters simultaneously.     

THE QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF FOAM STABILITY

As the originators found, beer foam in pure CO₂ in the Blom or Rudin apparatus shows a straight-line logarithmic decrease. Other workers, attempting to copy practical conditions, have found non-straight line decreases. This we explain as due to foaming the beer in air and so to incorporation of variable proportions of air in the foam. In the short term this does not cause oxidation of the bubble films, but a progressive increase occurs in the proportion of air in the bubbles at the foam surface leading to progressive lengthening of bubble life. This is because the diffusion of air outwards is much slower than that of CO₂. When impure CO₂ is used in the Blom or Rudin apparatus increased values and the same departure from straight-line logarithmic fall can be shown. In such cases meaningful half-life values cannot be calculated. We have therefore used a modified Rudin method with pure CO₂ and have obtained consistent and meaningful results with a lower degree of variability.     

离心机转鼓的优化设计研究

本文以转鼓的重量为目标函数,以强度约束、位移约束、几何约束为约束条件,采用有限元法作应力分析,混合惩罚函数法进行寻优.本文所编制的优化程序可用于多种离心机转鼓的优化设计,并且不受转鼓结构的限制.