多羧酸与纤维素纤维反应机理的分析研究

本以常用的多羧酸整理剂ＣＡ、ＩＡ／ＭＡ、ＢＴＣＡ和纯棉织物为研究对象，采用酸碱滴定和傅里叶红外光谱分析方法，从多羧酸的抗皱效果与酯交联以多羧酸的分子结构与反应活性等研究了多羧酸与纤维素纤维的反应机理。     

多元羧酸BTCA免烫整理现状和发展趋势

随着国内外绿色环保意保的不断增强,无甲醛免烫整理已成为必然发展趋向,ＢＴＣＡ等多元羧酸类化合物是一种目前较有前途的无甲醛整理剂,近年来进展较快,针对多元羧酸无甲醛整理剂,重点介绍ＢＴＣＡ整理的现状,对发展趋势进行了述评,如催化剂和添加剂对改善各种织物性能的研究。提出具体建议。     

商品化的新型高活性PET催化剂

Ａｋｚｏ Ｎｏｂｅｌ,即现在的Ａｃｏｒｄｉｓ开发出一种用于聚酯缩聚的新型高活性催倾剂,这种催化剂命名为Ｃ－９４。该催化剂是一种基于耐水解的钛／硅氧化物,其活性比锑基催化剂高６倍￣８倍,适用于所有的常规生产ＰＥＴ的合成路线;以ＤＭＴ或ＰＴＡ为原料的连续和间歇生产模式。评价了用于生产纤维级和瓶级的ＰＥＴ切片,而且中试表明Ｃ－９４同样适用其他聚酯产品如ＰＴＴ和ＰＢＴ,基于其广泛的应用前景,Ａｃｏｒｄｉｓ     

复合甜味剂(二)

图２　Ｈｉｓ及ＢｌｅｎｄＨｉｓ苦味／后味特性显著特性组成区域分布图１－Ｓｕｒｏｓｅ　２－ＡＰＭ　３－ＴＧＳ　４－ＣＹＣ　５－ＳＡＣ　６－ＡＣＫ　７－ＡＣＫ／ＡＰＫ　８－ＡＣＫ／ＮＨＤＣ　９－ＡＣＫ／ＴＧＳ　１０－ＡＣＫ／ＣＹＣ　１１－ＣＹＣ／ＳＡＣ　１２－ＡＣＫ／ＡＰＭ／ＣＹＣ　１３－ＡＣＫ／ＡＰＭ／ＳＡＣ　１４－ＡＣＫ／ＡＰＭ／ＳＡＣ／ＣＹＣ　　另从表２可见,在苦味、ｂｉｔｔｅｒ－ＡＴ、ｂｉｔｔｅｒ－ＡＴ２、ｏｆｆ－ｆｌａｖｏｒ－ＡＴ这些特性上,所有的Ｈｉｓ、ＢｌｅｎｄＨｉｓ与蔗糖相互间无区别…     

聚氨酯皮革光亮剂的合成与应用

研究了以端羟基聚醚（２１０聚醚）、三羟甲基丙烷（ＴＭＰ）、甲苯二异氰酸酯（ＴＤＩ）为原料，醋丁纤维素（ＣＡＢ）改性的湿气固化聚氨酯皮革光亮剂（简称ＭＰＵ皮革光亮剂）的合成方法和影响改性产品性能的主要因素。结果表明，当ＮＣＯ／ＯＨ（ｍｏｌ）、ＴＭＰ／２１０聚醚（ｍｏｌ）、ＣＡＢ／ＴＤＩ＋２１０聚醚＋ＴＭＰ（Ｗ）按一定的配比，通过搅拌，且在８０℃下反应４ｈ，即可制得综合性能良好的ＭＰＵ型皮革光亮剂。其产品可适于多种皮革的顶层涂饰。表６，参考文献２     

沙田柚饮料的降血脂作用研究

以８周龄ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ雄性小白鼠为实验动物，饲以高脂饲料造成实验性高血脂模型，分别灌胃不同浓度的沙田柚汁各１ｍｌ，高脂对照组和空白对照组则灌胃１ｍｌ的生理盐水，饲喂常规饲料，５０天后采尾血测定血清总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）含量和卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶（ＬＣＡＴ）的相对活性，并计算出低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＶＬＤＬ－Ｃ）浓度及动脉硬化指数ＡＩ（ＴＣ－ＨＤＬ－Ｃ／ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）。结果表明，沙田柚汁饮料能够明显降低实验性高血脂小鼠血清ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＶＬＤＬ－Ｃ和ＡＩ（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１），并能使ＨＤＬ－Ｃ含量及ＬＣＡＴ相对活性显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），由此说明沙田柚汁具有降低血脂、防止动脉粥样硬化的作用。     

热纤梭菌发酵产物的分析

分析了热纤梭菌（ＣｌｏｓｔｒｉｄｉｕｍＴｈｅｍｏｃｅｌｌｕｍ）ＡＴＣＣ２７４０５和ＮＣＩＢＩ１０６８２转化纤维素的产物，研究表明，热纤梭菌转经纯化纤维素的产物主要有酒精，乙酸，还原糖，ＣＯ２和Ｈ２，还原糖成分为木糖，纤维二糖和葡萄糖，经ＡＴＣＣ２７４０５转化后产生的木糖，纤维二糖与葡萄糖的比例为３．３：０．９：１经ＮＣＩＢ１０６８２转化后，则为７．９：３．２：１。     

液状阳离子荧光增白剂CH的合成与应用

分析比较了ＫＣＢ、ＢＡＣ、ＮＬ等进口样的合成方法和应用性能后，选择了液状阳离子荧光增白剂ＣＨ的合成路线。采用烯酮与芳香肼缩合成染料ＣＨ，再与阳离子试剂Ｒ＾５Ｘ反应合成阳郭荧光增白剂ＣＨ－１，３－二聚代芳基吡唑类化合物。经腈纶纤维和织物的应用试验：其表面白度、荧光强度、荧光色调及各项应用性能基本达到参比样ＵｖｉｔｅｘＡＭＳ水平，还避免了ＤＣＢ等产品的易产生“黄斑”和“落粉”的弊病。     

BAT与BOC两种模式CO_2膨胀烟丝生产工艺主要区别

ＢＡＴ与ＢＯＣ两种模式ＣＯ２膨胀烟丝生产工艺主要区别徐维华郭冬青目前世界上应用最为普遍的ＣＯ２膨胀烟丝技术主要有ＢＡＴ和ＢＯＣ两种模式。两者工作原理基本一致，技术水平也很接近。ＢＡＴ技术是在ＢＯＣ早期技术的基础上进行了改进和完善，而ＢＯＣ现有技术也在...     

真丝绸的免烫整理

介绍了用ＴＭＭ和ＢＴＣＡ作整理剂的真丝绸免烫整理技术，比较了两者整理效果。认为ＢＴＣＡ是一种较理想的无甲醛真丝绸免烫整理剂，并提出了进一步提高ＢＴＣＡ整理剂整理效果的方法     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.