温度对嗜酸乳杆菌和干酪乳杆菌发酵羊奶的影响

以鲜羊奶为原料,保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热乳链球菌为基础发酵剂,在此基础上分别添加嗜酸乳杆菌和干酪乳杆菌,研究温度对两菌株发酵羊奶过程中酸度、pH、活菌数及总活茵数的影响.结果表明:嗜酸乳杆菌酸羊奶的最佳发酵温度为37℃,此时凝乳时间为4h,酸度、pH、嗜酸乳杆菌数和总活菌数分别为97.8 0T、3.88、1.8×107 CFU/mL和1.38×109 CFU/mI,感官评价总分可达到8.35分;干酪乳杆菌羊奶的最佳发酵温度为39℃,此时酸羊奶凝固时间为4.5h,酸度、pH、干酪乳杆菌数和总茵数分别为79.2 °T、4.48、1.56×108 CFU/mL和1.81×109 CFU/mL,感官评价总分可达到7.00分.     

嗜酸乳杆菌发酵大豆酸凝乳的研究

本文研究了嗜酸乳杆菌在豆乳中的生长情况,考察了温度、接种量、木瓜汁添加、嗜酸乳杆菌与植物乳杆菌复配比例对发酵的影响,最后根据发酵豆乳的感官指标,确定了嗜酸乳杆菌发酵豆乳的最佳工艺。结果表明,发酵温度为39℃、接种量为6%、木瓜汁添加量为10%、嗜酸乳杆菌与植物乳杆菌配比为1:2是制作木瓜发酵豆乳的最佳工艺条件。产品中嗜酸乳杆菌的活菌数达到3.0×109CFU/mL,且产品口感良好。     

益生菌豆酸乳发酵条件的优化

豆酸乳是将大豆磨浆后与牛乳混合经乳酸菌发酵而赋予特殊风味的产品,但尚未有仅用嗜酸乳杆菌和两歧双歧杆菌2株菌来发酵益生菌豆酸乳的报道。对碳源、生长促进因子、稳定剂和温度等发酵条件进行优化,实验结果表明:在豆水比为1:8、牛乳含量为30%的豆浆牛乳混合物中添加4.0%的蔗糖、0.3%的葡萄糖、0.6%的低聚果糖、0.8%的BY-H-260,在无菌条件下添加0.005%的嗜酸乳杆菌菌粉和0.015%的两歧双歧杆菌菌粉,在42℃条件下发酵5～5.5 h,酸度可达70～75°T(pH为4.0左右),活菌数可达108cfu/mL级,组织状态良好。     

冻干嗜酸乳杆菌NCFM在发酵乳中的应用研究

试验利用嗜酸乳杆菌选择性培养计数方法,研究了冻干嗜酸乳杆菌NCFM在发酵乳中的添加应用。结果发现,在6℃条件下21 d保质期内,嗜酸乳杆菌NCFM菌数的下降规律约为50%~60%。因此,冻干嗜酸乳杆菌NCFM可按活菌含量≥1.0×10~7 CFU/mL(100 DCU/1 000 L)后添加到发酵乳中,由此制得的益生菌发酵乳在整个保质期内的后酸变化缓慢温和,风味良好。     

碳源对益生菌发酵黄浆水抗氧化和抑菌活性的影响

本文研究了乳糖和蔗糖及其添加量对嗜酸乳杆菌和鼠李糖乳杆菌发酵豆腐黄浆水产酸能力、抗氧化能力和抑菌能力的影响,研究结果表明,添加蔗糖能够提高乳酸菌的产酸能力,其中添加5%的蔗糖发酵24 h时,嗜酸乳杆菌和鼠李糖乳杆菌发酵黄浆水的酸度值分别为95.80 oT和93.68 oT;添加蔗糖也可以增强嗜酸乳杆菌和鼠李糖乳杆菌发酵黄浆水的抗氧化能力,其中添加5%的蔗糖发酵48 h后效果最好,还原力分别为2.57和2.47 mM生育酚/mL样品、清除ABTS自由基分别为37.69和37.98 mM生育酚/mL样品、螯合二价铁离子的能力分别为75.69%和78.70%,菌种之间没有显著性差异;此外,发酵24 h的黄浆水可以抑制金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的生长,但对蜡样芽孢杆菌没有抑制效果,其中嗜酸乳杆菌发酵的黄浆水抑菌能力更强,添加1%的蔗糖后发酵黄浆水的抑菌能力稍有增强。     

嗜酸乳杆菌的微胶囊化研究

应用质量分数为1%海藻酸钠和3%明胶作为包埋材料对嗜酸乳杆菌NCFM菌株进行微胶囊化处理,包埋后的微胶囊在36min内完全崩解,释放出的活菌数最多,可达1.15×109g-1。经人工胃液及人工肠液处理3h后,微胶囊化的活菌数分别为3.85(109mL-1和2.53×109mL-1,显著高于两种条件的对照处理(P<0.05)的活菌数(分别为2.80×109mL-1和2.01×109mL-1)。与对照处理的发酵酸度(39°T)和氨基酸质量浓度(2.03g/L)相比,经胃液处理3h后的菌株在灭菌脱脂乳中发酵48h后,其酸度、氨基酸含量明显提高(P<0.01),分别为123°T和2.59g/L。经肠液处理24h后的菌株,在同样条件下发酵灭菌脱脂乳48h后的酸度(114°T)和氨基酸质量浓度(2.24g/L)显著高于对照(P<0.01)处理(酸度为69°T,氨基酸质量浓度为1.79g/L)。经人工胃液处理3h和肠液处理24h后的菌株,在MRS培养基中培养16h后,其细胞!-半乳糖苷酶活力较对照处理明显提高(P<0.01),分别为1.14mmol/(g·min)和0.58mmol/(g·min),而同样条件下对照处理的!-半乳糖苷酶活力分别为0.66mmol/(g·min)和0.32mmol/(g·min)。显然,微胶囊化处理能明显提高嗜酸乳杆菌在极端环境下的存活能力。     

快速功能性嗜酸乳杆菌发酵乳的研制

对功能性嗜酸乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌混合菌种发酵乳的最佳生产工艺条件进行研究。结果表明:嗜酸乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌以1∶1配合、添加6%的蔗糖和适量的蛋白糖、9%的接种量、41℃5h培养生产出具有酸奶特有的质地和风味,嗜酸乳杆菌活菌数为2.9×107cfu/mL,保藏期为12d的功能性发酵乳。与单一嗜酸乳杆菌发酵乳的生产周期18h相比,缩短了13h,且风味更佳。     

酸乳后酸化影响因子的初步研究

酸乳在贮存、运输、销售、食用前这一过程中发生后酸化现象,导致酸乳无法长期贮存,酸乳贮存期短这一缺陷一直困扰着酸乳的消费。文中从酸乳发酵时保加利亚乳杆菌与嗜热链球菌比例的改变、弱后酸化发酵剂的筛选和酸乳发酵后添加乳酸链球菌素等方面探讨了控制酸乳后酸化的措施。通过改变嗜热链球菌与保加利亚乳杆菌的比例、酸乳发酵后添加乳酸链球菌素对控制酸乳后酸化有一定的效果,但成本较高。控制酸乳后酸化的最好方法是选育在高温条件下产酸较强,在低温条件下产酸甚微的菌株作为发酵剂,并发现采用汉森公司的YF-L812发酵的酸乳后酸化程度很小,在6℃条件下贮存30 d时酸度仅上升了14.5°T。     

益生乳酸菌发酵苹果汁的研究

研究益生乳酸菌对苹果汁发酵的适应性和最优工艺条件。以发酵酸度为考核指标,考察保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌单一菌株发酵和混合菌株发酵苹果汁的能力,筛选获得最佳的发酵菌株组合。通过正交实验优化了乳酸菌发酵的最佳工艺条件。结果显示,嗜酸乳杆菌与植物乳杆菌按1:1混合的复合乳酸菌对苹果汁发酵产酸作用较好,其发酵的最佳工艺参数是:苹果汁添加量35%、蔗糖添加量3%、发酵剂接种量4%、发酵温度40℃。在最优条件此时,苹果汁的发酵酸度达到0.952%。冷藏4周后,乳酸菌活菌数为1.12×10~9 cfu/mL,说明采用嗜酸乳杆菌与植物乳杆菌混合发酵苹果汁可行。     

利用纯种乳酸菌制作泡萝卜的技术研究

研究了不同纯种乳酸菌即肠膜明串珠菌、发酵乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、保加利亚乳杆菌的组合发酵制作泡菜的变化和风味。结果表明,与传统发酵制作工艺相比,嗜酸乳杆菌+肠膜明串珠菌+发酵乳杆菌组合发酵(添加量为发酵液的5%),发酵速度快、产品风味好、亚硝酸盐含量为0.385×10-6mg/kg低于传统工艺生产的产品(1.55×10-6mg/kg),产品质量稳定。     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.     

National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the "13~(th) Five-Year Plan"

In Apri Commi major p Plan＂ （h 2014, the National Development and Reform ssion issued an announcement for selection of reliminary research projects for the ＂13th Five-Year ereafter referred to as ＂The Announcement＂）     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the latest scientific