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1.
基因芯片技术在食品微生物检测和研究中的应用   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
郑大明  张静 《食品科学》2004,25(8):188-190
基因芯片技术为全面快速准确地分析鉴定水体、空气、土壤和食品等环境中的各种微生物提供了一种崭新的技术工具和平台。本文扼要综述了近年来基因芯片技术在食品微生物检测中的研究进展,着重讨论基因芯片检测微生物的基本原理与步骤,样品的采集制备和分离纯化食品微生物DNA的方法和要求,基因芯片技术检测食品常见致病菌及其在食品微生物研究中的应用,该技术在食品微生物中的应用现状和前景。  相似文献   

2.
基因芯片在食品微生物检测中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
综述了近年来基因芯片技术在食品微生物检测中的应用进展,重点讨论了应用基因芯片技术对食品常见致病菌的检测和分型,并对该技术在食品微生物中的应用前景作了展望.  相似文献   

3.
基因芯片技术在食品安全检测中的应用   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
基因芯片技术作为一种新的检测技术,已经广泛应用于生命科学、医学和农业领域,并开始逐步应用于食品安全检测领域.主要介绍了基因芯片技术在食源性致病微生物和转基因食品检测中的应用、研究进展及存在问题,并进行了讨论.  相似文献   

4.
基因芯片技术在病原性食品微生物检测中的应用   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
基因芯片技术是鉴别微生物最有效的手段之一,为全面、快速、准确地进行食品安全检测提供了一个崭新的平台。扼要综述了基因芯片技术检测食品中病原性微生物的基本原理、检测过程、存在的问题、研究进展。  相似文献   

5.
综述了食品中病原微生物的快速检测方法,详述了PCR技术和基因芯片这两种技术的研究进展,并对这两种方法特点与应用进行了探讨。  相似文献   

6.
基因芯片技术为全面快速准确地分析啤酒发酵液中的各种微生物提供了一种崭新的技术工具和平台。本文扼要综述了近年来啤酒杂菌污染检测中的研究进展,着重讨论基因芯片检测微生物的基本原理与步骤,样品的采集制备和分离纯化啤酒发酵液样品DNA的方法和要求,同时探讨了基因芯片技术检测大量复杂微生物体系所面临的挑战以及该技术在啤酒业应用的前景展望。  相似文献   

7.
综述了食品中病原微生物的快速检测方法,详述了PCR技术和基因芯片这两种技术的研究进展,并对这两种方法特点与应用进行了探讨。  相似文献   

8.
酶联免疫技术与食品安全快速检测   总被引:32,自引:2,他引:30  
张也  刘以祥 《食品科学》2003,24(8):200-204
本文首先对酶联免疫检测技术(ELISA)做了简要介绍。其次,就该技术在食品安全检测与分析中的应用进行了详细的评述,主要包括这几个方面:食品中的毒素、残留农药、食品微生物、食品的品质和重金属污染等的检测;最后阐述了该项技术的发展趋势及其在食品安全性检测中的应用前景。  相似文献   

9.
食品中的微生物有许多种类,有的可导致人类产生疾病,有的对人类无害,也有的可产生一些不能令人忽视的代谢产物,因此食品中的微生物,尤其是一些致病微生物常常是作为人类是否能够食用该食品的重要指标。在食品品质的检测过程中微生物检测作为一个重要环节,其检测方法有许多,现就一些常见微生物作简要介绍。  相似文献   

10.
转基因食品中外源基因非预期效应的分子检测技术   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
转基因食品中外源基因的非预期效应可以引起转基因食品的营养成分含量发生变化 ,甚至产生一些新的毒性物质 ,是转基因植物食品安全性评价的重要内容之一。由于外源基因非预期效应的不可预见性 ,因此用常规的分析技术难以准确测定。利用蛋白质组定量分析技术和基因芯片技术从蛋白质组和mRNA水平上比较转基因植物食品和非转基因植物食品的基因表达差异 ,是检测外源基因非预期效应的有效手段。文中对利用蛋白质组分析技术和基因芯片技术检测转基因食品中外源基因非预期效应的应用进展进行了综述分析。  相似文献   

11.
Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.  相似文献   

12.
An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.  相似文献   

13.
The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.  相似文献   

14.
The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.  相似文献   

15.
A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.  相似文献   

16.
17.
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in the detection of the adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum. For CE analyses, standards of locust bean and guar gums were extracted with 30% CH3CN, removing the residual proteins from the gum matrix. A 8.75 mM NaH2PO4-20.6 mM Na2B4O7 buffer, pH 9, was used to separate these proteins and to identify marker proteins that were present in the guar gum. These markers did not co-migrate with components in the extracts of mechanically processed locust bean gum, and are used as indicators of adulteration. Using PLM with toluidine blue and iodine staining techniques, unadulterated locust bean gum samples were distinguished from mixed samples through the differential staining of components in locust bean versus guar and tara gums. These experiments in the use of CE and PLM provide orthogonal and complementary methods for the verification of 'true' positives and the elimination of 'false' positives.  相似文献   

18.
An investigation is described in which various polyfunctional compounds were applied to wool in attempts to stabilize the temporary improvements in wrinkle-recovery brought about by ‘annealing’. Several reactive systems involving formaldehyde were found to produce the desired permanently improved wrinkle-recovery.  相似文献   

19.
BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H2O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.  相似文献   

20.
《造纸信息》2014,(8):79-79
Ministr y of Industr y and Information Technology confirmed that the main expected targets for energysaving and comprehensive utilization in 2014 are:energy consumption and CO2 emissions per unit of industrial added-value decreases by 4.5%,water consumption per ten thousand Yuan of industrial added-value decreases by7%,comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste is further improved,and pollution emissions in key industries is markedly reduced.  相似文献   

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