中草药提取物在食品保鲜中的应用

本文简要介绍了中草药提取物在食品保鲜中的利用情况,总结了部分食品应用中草药提取物进行保鲜的研究进展,旨在为开发新型、绿色、无污染食品防腐剂提供思路。     

中草药提取物在黄瓜保鲜上的应用研究

选用三种中草药的提取物对黄瓜进行保鲜,与不经任何处理的空白组对比.结果表明,中草药具有良好的保鲜效果,在室温下,样品能保持较好的鲜度,营养成分损失较少.     

中草药提取物在果蔬保鲜中的研究进展

采用中草药提取物对果蔬进行保鲜可以减少化学保鲜剂对人类健康的不良影响,并有效防止植物病原菌的抗药性。本文论述了中草药提取物在果蔬保鲜上的抑菌机理及其应用进展,指出了目前研究开发天然中草药果蔬防腐保鲜剂所面临的问题及其发展前景。     

中草药提取物对草莓保鲜效果的研究

本文以草莓失重率、可滴定酸含量、维生素C的含量作为评定指标,来研究三种中草药提取物对草莓的保鲜效果。通过单因素实验确定了每种中草药提取物的最佳保鲜浓度,其中八角茴香提取物最佳保鲜浓度是0.15%;丁香提取物最佳保鲜浓度是2%;银杏提取物最佳保鲜浓度是3%。     

中草药提取物在鲜湿面保鲜中的应用研究

采用虎杖、苦参和黄苓三种中草药提取物进行混合,利用茵丝生长速率法探讨了中草药提取物对鲜湿的保鲜效果.中草药提取物保鲜鲜湿面对面团吸水率影响不明显,但对面团的形成时间,稳定时间及10 min弱化度则有一定的影响.鲜湿面短期贮藏可以采用中草药提取物来保鲜.     

采用中草药物复合纸的保鲜效果研究

以具有优良防霉抑菌作用的几种天然中草药为保鲜材料，分别选用中草药熬取液浸果和以中草药粉末复合纸保鲜包装两种形式保鲜。通过与不经任何处理仅以纸包装的对照组对比，试验结果表明，这些中草药具有良好的保鲜效果，尤其是以中草药复合的功能保鲜包装纸，保鲜效果明显，以鸭梨为试验样品，在室温３０℃左右放置３５天以上，样品仍能保持较好的鲜度，营养成份损失不大。     

休眠法保鲜水果的研究

本文介绍了现代休眠法保鲜甜柑、苹果、蜜桔的方法。这种方法是在包装的水果箱内同时使用降温剂、降氧剂、吸水板、二氧化碳吸收剂、乙烯吸收剂,达到较长时间保持水果的色、香、味不变,营养成分变化不大,烂果率低的效果。本法保鲜水果的手续简便、费用低,是一种很有发展前途的保鲜水果的新方法。     

芦荟提取物对草莓保鲜效果的研究

以"丰香"草莓为研究对象,采用浓度为0.5%、0.35%、0.25%、0.1%、0.05%的芦荟提取物对其进行处理,研究草莓的室温保鲜效果。结果显示:经芦荟提取物处理后,能在一定程度上延长草莓的贮藏期,其中浓度0.05%的芦荟提取液对草莓的保鲜效果最佳,0.1%次之,0.35%和0.25%的效果相近,0.5%的保鲜效果最差。结果表明,低浓度的芦荟提取液更有利于草莓保鲜,高浓度的芦荟提取液虽然能够起到一定作用,但是效果不明显。     

中草药复合保鲜纸小袋包装的保鲜效果研究

采用天然中草药与普通包装纸制备成复合保鲜纸对番茄，辣椒，青瓜小袋包装进行保鲜试验，通过与普通包装纸小袋包装样品的对比试验，结果发现，中草药复合保鲜纸小袋包装的保鲜效果明显，它可以抑制样品的衰败，减少营养成分的损失。     

中草药提取液贮藏青椒试验

用具有优良防腐抑菌作用的几种中草药为原料制成保鲜剂，对青椒进行涂被保鲜试验。结果表明：中药制剂I（丁香、大黄）可降低青椒贮藏期间呼吸强度，减少水分散失，降低果实相对电导率，抑制丙二醛的保累，使青椒比对照在40d内保持较高的好果率，而中药制剂Ⅱ（丁香、大黄、高良姜）处理对青椒保鲜及防腐效果甚微。     

中草药添加剂在中国卷烟中的应用研究进展

本文对中草药添加剂在卷烟中的作用机理和效果进行了综述,并提出今后对中草药在卷烟中的作用机理、药理及检测方法等方面的研究方向。     

番石榴原汁制番石榴果汁饮料的研究

探讨了以台湾珍珠番石榴这一优良品种作为原料，经打浆、护色、调配、均质等工序加工成番石榴果汁饮料的工艺流程。通过试验确定了产品的配方和最佳工艺参数。     

5种杂柑果实品质及制汁适应性的研究

对5个杂柑品种果实品质及制汁性能进行了研究,结果表明果汁的可溶性固形物含量变化范围为12.8%~14.2%,平均为13.7%;可滴定酸含量变化范围为0.51%~0.84%,平均为0.69%;出汁率变化范围为46.3%~57.8%,平均为52.5%,出汁率顺序为天草>南香>宫内伊予柑>诺瓦>甜桔柚。综合评价,天草和南香的出汁率、可溶性固形物及可滴定酸、还原糖指标均比较高,果汁风味浓郁,且果汁滋味和香气品评分数较高,是制汁的理想品种。     

松乳菇菌丝体固体平板培养的研究

由松乳菇子实体经组织分离得到纯化菌丝体,对其在固体平板培养基上进行培养,结果表明松乳菇菌丝体生长的适宜条件是PDA培养基、温度28℃、培养基pH5、无光照培养。研究发现添加马尾松不同组织的提取液对菌丝生长无明显影响。     

The effects of varying sugar content and fruit concentration on the physical properties of vanilla and fruit ice-cream-type frozen yogurts

In this study, the physical properties of samples of ice cream produced from yogurt with varying levels of sugar (18, 20 or 22%) and fruit (strawberry) concentration (15, 20 or 25%) were investigated. The results of the physical analysis indicate that as the amount of sugar and fruit increases, there is an increase in the first dripping time period, viscosity values and the overrun. However, complete melting times decreased in parallel with the increase in sugar content and fruit concentration. It was observed that an increase in the amount of sugar in vanilla frozen yogurt softened the structure. In strawberry ice-cream-type frozen yogurt, the structure hardened in parallel with the increase in fruit concentration. In addition, the results show that frozen yogurts with high sugar (V3) and fruit (St3) concentrations are the type most preferred by the panellists. The results of the sensory analysis suggest that frozen yogurt can be an alternative to other dairy products such as yogurt and ice cream.     

Determination of the fruit content of cherry fruit preparations by gravimetric quantification of hemicellulose

A method recently developed for the determination of the fruit content of strawberry fruit preparations by gravimetric quantification of hemicellulose was extended to cherry fruit preparations. Isolation of the alcohol-insoluble residue (AIR) and sequential fractionation of the cell wall compounds from cherries (Prunus cerasus L. cv. ‘Oblacinska’) was performed yielding the amount of fresh cherries per gram hemicellulose. Cherry fruit preparations with varying fruit contents (30–40%) were produced using different hydrocolloid systems (pectin, starch, guar gum, xanthan gum, carrageenan, and combinations thereof). After separation of the hydrocolloids by enzymatical digestion and successive extraction, the fruit preparations were subjected to AIR isolation. The AIR was fractionated to yield the hemicellulose fraction, which was quantified gravimetrically for the calculation of the fruit content. Compared to strawberries, modifications including additional extraction steps for the sequential fractionation were required to separate the pectin of the cherries exhaustively. Calculated and initial fruit contents were in good agreement for the single hydrocolloid components pectin and starch as well as for the combinations pectin/xanthan gum and pectin/carrageenan (26.8% vs. 30%, 38.6% vs. 40%, 42.5% vs. 40%, 37.6% vs. 40%, and 41.2% vs. 40%), whereas the preparations produced with more complex hydrocolloid systems (pectin/xanthan gum/guar gum and starch/xanthan/guar gum) showed larger deviations in their contents (46.2% vs. 40%, 49.6% vs. 40%). It is concluded that the novel method is generally suitable for the determination of the fruit content of fruit preparations, but steps of sample preparation need to be individually adapted to the different fruit matrices.     

冷冻处理对果蔬的影响及其应用

讨论了冷冻处理对果蔬中蛋白质、糖分、维生素等营养成分以及颜色、风味、微观结构等方面的影响，阐述了其在果蔬产业中，尤其是热敏类成分含量较高果品的榨汁、浓缩等工艺中的应用现状及前景，强调了冷冻处理在果蔬产业中的应用依然存在很大的挖掘空间。     

液态法猕猴桃醋生产及其醋酸饮料的研制

以秦美猕猴桃为原料，探讨液态法猕猴桃醋生产及其醋酸饮料的研制。结果表明，采用液态法生产的猕猴桃醋具有成熟猕猴桃的果香，酸味柔和，适宜调配醋酸饮料。通过单因素试验和正交试验确定猕猴桃醋酸饮料优化配方为：100ml猕猴猕醋酸饮料中含猕猴桃醋27ml、甜昧剂4．3mg、苹果酸27．0mg、柠檬酸15．9mg、姜汁12ml、乳酸钙51mg、食盐41.5mg、甜蜜素31mg、乙基麦芽酚5mg。