开放热管理式三维织物基光热海水淡化系统

界面光热海水淡化系统可实现低碳低成本的除盐净水。为解决传统器件在海水淡化过程中效率较低的问题,提出一种额外捕获环境热量用于促进立体多级蒸发的开放式热量管理方案。将具有宽带谱光吸收性能的乙炔碳黑颗粒作为光热负载,混纺织物作为基材及供水材料,利用系统与环境间的热量传递,额外捕获热量,用于促进供水层的冷蒸发。结果表明：在优化负载和平衡能量供需等策略下,系统呈现出优异的水蒸发性能蒸发速率为1.80 kg/(m²·h),水蒸发效率为97.1%;在海水淡化运行15个循环后,织物的海水淡化速率仍保持约1.73 kg/(m²·h),处理后的冷凝水符合健康饮水标准,具有广阔应用前景。     

经编间隔织物的高性能太阳能蒸发器

为提升太阳能蒸发器的蒸发速率及蒸发效率，将等离子体处理后的间隔织物与还原氧化石墨烯和海藻酸钠复合，制备出一种新型太阳能蒸发器，并对其输水、光热、力学、蒸发和海水淡化性能进行了研究。结果表明：相比传统的还原氧化石墨烯基蒸发器，此新型太阳能蒸发器具有优异的水传输性、光吸收性和力学性能，即在5 s内便达到34.7 g·g^-1饱和，其光吸收率约为94%,压缩模量为89.6 kPa;在1 kW·m^-2光照下的蒸发速率和蒸发效率分别高达1.76 kg·m^-2·h^-1和91.7%。同时，此太阳能蒸发器还具有优异的海水淡化性能。     

氧化石墨烯基纳米纤维材料制备及光热转化性

太阳能光热转化材料在热治疗、生活用水加热、光催化、海水淡化等领域具有广泛的应用潜力和前景,因此开发具有高光热转化效率材料具有重要意义.文中采用一步法合成GO/Bi2S3-PVDF复合纳米纤维,并作为光热转化组分,以具有良好耐化学性能的PVDF为基材,利用静电纺丝技术制备不同GO/Bi2S3 NPs含量的GO/Bi2S3...     

织物基太阳能蒸发器的研究进展

随着淡水资源短缺的问题日益加剧，太阳能热脱盐技术受到越来越多研究者的关注。太阳能水热蒸发相比其他海水淡化方式具有成本低、污染小等特点，获得高效光热蒸发效率的关键在于如何更好地将收集的太阳能转换为热能并减少热量损失。此外，若要维持蒸发器的蒸发速率并延长使用寿命，需要其具备优异的耐盐性能。织物具有的疏松多孔结构可以实现高效的水运输，优异的柔韧性和弹性能与蒸发器更好地兼容。文章综述了织物基太阳能蒸发器的优势、光热原理不同光热材料的光热效果以及提高耐盐性和蒸发速率的方法。最后对太阳能蒸发器的未来发展和应用方向进行了展望。     

基于染色斜纹棉布的太阳能驱动界面水蒸发体系的研究

使用复配的黑色活性染料上染的斜纹棉布作为光热转换材料,探究染色斜纹棉布的表面形貌、色牢度、光吸收率及润湿性能,然后将染色斜纹棉布与聚苯乙烯泡沫进行组装构建染色斜纹棉布-泡沫水蒸发体系,通过水蒸发试验研究染色斜纹棉布作为光热转换材料的水蒸发性能。结果表明:在1.0 kW/m^2的光学浓度下,染色斜纹棉布-泡沫水蒸发体系的水蒸发速率为1.15 kg/(m^2·h),对应的光热转换效率为79.5%,远高于相同条件下加热整体水域的光热转换效率,并具有良好的稳定性。     

单向导湿纳米纤维光热膜的制备及废水处理

以亲、疏水材料为基质,活性特深黑M染料为吸光剂,采用静电纺丝技术制备具有梯度结构的纳米纤维膜,探究复合膜结构和性能之间的关系,以获得膜的最佳制备工艺并用于废水处理。结果表明:复合膜的梯度结构和亲疏水特性赋予其单向导湿性能;当染料添加量为4%时,复合膜具有最佳的光吸收效果,在1 k W/m~2光照强度下,膜表面温度可快速升至34.6℃,水蒸发速率达1.42 kg/(m~2·h),光热膜对Ni~(2+)、Mn~(2+)、Fe~(3+)、Cu~(2+)等重金属离子废液的蒸发速率在1.38～1.61 kg/(m~2·h),而对印染废水的蒸发速率则高达1.78 kg/(m~2·h),且光热膜经10次循环使用后依然保持良好的稳定性,可用于重金属离子和印染废液的浓缩净化。     

基于光热利用的金属有机骨架/石墨烯复合膜对印染废水的再生处理

为促进金属有机骨架(MOF)在印染废水处理中的应用，采用真空抽滤法制备了高性能金属有机骨架/石墨烯光热复合材料，通过界面蒸发方式对印染废水进行再生利用。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和紫外-可见-近红外漫反射光谱仪等手段，对膜材料进行微观结构和光学性能的表征，研究了膜光热性能及废水光热蒸发性能。结果表明：沸石咪唑酯骨架材料ZIF-8改变了石墨烯微观构造并提高了光热转换效率，1个模拟太阳光下，膜表面温度升至97.6℃;印染废水再生处理结果显示，在1.0 kW/m²的光照下，纯水的蒸发速率可达1.34 kg/(m²·h),光热利用率为91.2%,对废水中有机污染物、色度及盐分的截留超过99.6%;复合膜性能稳定，重复使用7次后通量仍无明显降低。通过MOF简单地修饰石墨烯材料，显著提升了二维碳基材料的光热性能，具有较好的印染废水处理应用前景。     

蒸馏/反渗透海水淡化及其耦合工艺研究

海水淡化是解决淡水危机的重要途径,新工艺、新型膜材料及新能源的利用,有望进一步降低海水淡化成本.介绍了多效蒸发、多级闪蒸、压气蒸馏、反渗透等海水淡化工艺以及基于膜技术的海水淡化集成工艺的最新进展,分析了利用风能、太阳能、核能和化学热能等可替代能源进行海水淡化的可能性,在此基础上,提出了海水淡化未来的发展方向.     

聚吡咯/纸浆纤维复合光热纸的制备及其太阳能驱动界面水蒸发研究

本研究以未漂硫酸盐针叶木浆为原料，采用原位聚合法制备具有良好亲水性、高能量转换效率的聚吡咯/纸浆纤维复合光热纸，并应用于太阳能驱动界面水蒸发。对光热纸的表面形貌和结构进行了表征，探究了吡咯浓度以及单体与氧化剂摩尔比对纸光热性能的影响。结果表明，随吡咯浓度和氧化剂用量的增加，纸的光热性能也随之提升，当吡咯浓度为5 g/L、单体与氧化剂摩尔比为1∶2时，在1 kW/m²的光照强度下，5 min内光热纸的表面温度可达85.3 ℃，水蒸发效率可达93.13%。具有优异能量转换效率和良好可循环性能的光热纸的成功开发，为太阳能水净化提供了一种潜在的技术方案。     

纳米颗粒加速光热转化的实验研究

纳米流体因其优异的导热和吸光性能被广泛应用于太阳能光热领域,这其中尤以纳米金的光热转换效果最为突出。文章采用含有球状纳米金颗粒的纳米流体,在太阳光模拟器下挂滴蒸发,同时用高速摄影抓拍,研究纳米滴能否加快液滴的蒸发,增强光热转化。结果表明金纳米滴比同样条件下去离子水液滴的蒸发时间少,提高太阳光的利用效率,为太阳能光热转化提供一定的理论和实验基础。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.     

National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the "13~(th) Five-Year Plan"

In Apri Commi major p Plan＂ （h 2014, the National Development and Reform ssion issued an announcement for selection of reliminary research projects for the ＂13th Five-Year ereafter referred to as ＂The Announcement＂）     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the latest scientific     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,