保健食品——葛根晶及葛奶的研制

一、葛根的成份和疗效作用葛根含异黄酮成份,葛根素木糖甙、大豆黄酮,异黄酮大豆甙、葛根素及β-谷甾醇、花生酸和大量淀粉。现代药理研究表明,葛根或葛根黄酮能增加脑及冠状动脉血管     

不同种类大豆中大豆异黄酮含量及抗氧化性比较

利用液质联用及串联质谱法对黑豆、黄豆及青豆等8个大豆样品进行了大豆异黄酮分析,结果表明：染料木甙（G）及丙二酰基染料木甙（MG）在8个大豆样品中均为主要的大豆异黄酮组分,两者之和平均占到了大豆异黄酮总含量的50%以上;其次为大豆甙（D）和丙二酰基大豆甙（MD）,两者之和平均占大豆异黄酮总含量的38%左右;黄豆黄甙（GL...     

食盐对腐乳发酵过程中大豆异黄酮构型和含量的影响

本文研究了6%、10%食盐含量的腐乳发酵过程中大豆异黄酮构型和含量的变化.结果表明,食盐含量和β-葡萄糖甙酶活对腐乳发酵过程中大豆异黄酮的构型转化密切相关.酶的活性在毛坯发酵24h后开始快速增长,在腌制2d时达到最高值102.60U/g.6%食盐含量样品中异黄酮糖甙构型转化较快.食盐对染料木酮甙和黄豆甙酶解的影响不同,对染料木酮甙酶解的抑制作用更强.大豆甙在白坯中的含量仅44.86μg/g干物质,在腌制3d后完全分解.     

β-葡萄糖苷酶水解、分离纯化大豆异黄酮甙元工艺研究

研究以低纯度的商品大豆异黄酮为原料,采用β-葡萄糖苷酶水解技术制备高纯度的大豆异黄酮甙元产品.比较系统地研究酶的用量、反应时间、反应温度、反应体系pH值、底物浓度等因素对酶水解效果的影响,最终得到酶水解制备工艺的最佳工艺参数.实验结果表明,采用该分离纯化工艺制备大豆异黄酮甙元产品,其产品得率、异黄酮回收率和产品纯度分别为12.12%、77.16%和92.78%,分离纯化效果比较理想.     

豆粕中大豆异黄酮提取工艺及检测方法优化

以大豆异黄酮6种主要成分大豆甙、黄豆黄甙、染料木甙、大豆甙元、黄豆黄素、染料木素作为对照物,通过单因素实验和正交实验的比较,确定了从脱脂大豆粕中提取大豆异黄酮的最佳条件,为其工业化生产提供了参考依据.提取的最佳条件为乙醇浓度70%,回流提取时间3 h,温度90℃,物料比1:15,提取次数1次.建立了一种同时测定原料中大豆异黄酮6种成分的高效液相色谱法,使常见的大豆异黄酮6种主要成分得以分离和检测.     

河南省滑县粮机厂开发成功专利产品 从豆粕中提取大豆异黄酮成套设备

[本刊讯 ]　最近 ,河南省滑县粮机厂在有关科研单位的协助下 ,成功开发出“从豆粕中提取大豆异黄酮成套设备” ,并于近日通过国家发明专利申请(专利号 :0 2 116 380 4 )。大豆中异黄酮是大豆在生长过程形成的一类次生代谢产物 ,至今已发现大豆异黄酮主要由 12种化合物组成 ,即 9种葡萄糖甙和 3种相应的配糖体。我国大豆品种质量检测表明 ,大豆中异黄酮总含量为 0 0 4 % - 0 5 % ,差异相当大。大豆异黄酮有许多重要的生理活性 ,如抗肿瘤、抗雌激素、抗病原菌、抗氧化、抗溶血等活性 ,尤其是它的抗癌作用 ,近几年国内外研究报道甚多。本发…     

加热预处理对大豆异黄酮含量及组分的影响

通过140℃、40min热处理后大豆胚芽中的异黄酮形式发生改变，通过TLC、HPLC等方法对胚芽提取液中异黄酮组分进行鉴定。结果表明，通过热处理以后，胚芽中主要的异黄酮形式为染料木甙和大豆甙等物质．但总异黄酮含量变化甚微；该实验还研究了提取液经大孔树脂吸附后，25％、40％、55％乙醇洗脱液中异黄酮的主要形式。     

黑龙江省栽培大豆异黄酮含量的初步分析

大豆中含有大豆异黄酮，其主要活性成份为染料木素和大豆甙元。大豆异黄酮是引起大豆苦涩味的主要因子，同时也具有一定的生理活性。利用HPLC对黑龙江省46个主栽大豆品种（系）和6个特用豆品种的大豆异黄酮含量进行分析，筛选出3个高异黄酮含量的主栽品种和2个特用豆品系。并初步分析了遗传差异是影响大豆异黄酮含量的主要因素，同时栽培环境对大豆异黄酮含量也有影响。     

固态发酵法制备大豆异黄酮苷元

研究了一种能分泌β-葡萄糖苷酶的黑曲霉作为菌种对大豆异黄酮粉进行发酵生产大豆异黄酮苷元的方法,通过单因素及正交试验确立了产β-葡萄糖苷酶的最优培养基配比和水解大豆异黄酮粉的最佳工艺条件,为实现大豆异黄酮苷元的产业化生产提供了参考.     

β-葡萄糖苷酶以及益生菌生物转化大豆异黄酮糖苷的研究进展

大豆及其加工制品中以糖苷形式存在的大豆异黄酮不利于人体的消化吸收,难以发挥其生物保健作用。本文综述了利用β-葡萄糖苷酶生物转化大豆异黄酮糖苷以提高生物利用率的国内外研究进展情况,重点介绍了外源性β-葡萄糖苷酶和产β-葡萄糖苷酶益生菌对大豆异黄酮糖苷的转化作用。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.