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1.
普洱茶是一种独特的全发酵茶,其发酵离不开微生物的作用,微生物在普洱茶发酵过程中的动态变化又对普洱茶的品质起到重要的影响。因此,本文对普洱茶一翻、二翻、三翻、四翻和出堆这五个关键发酵工序过程中微生物的类群进行了综述,旨在为普洱茶微生物发酵剂的研制与普洱茶产业的发展提供相关理论依据。  相似文献   

2.
目的揭示普洱茶发酵过程中的微生物群落结构及其与普洱茶品质形成影响关系。方法采用CTAB法提取普洱茶发酵阶段样的微生物总DNA,并进行基因扩增,基于illumina Miseq技术测序平台进行双末端测序分析,研究普洱茶发酵过程中不同层间的微生物群落结构。结果首次在普洱茶发酵过程中发现了雪黄散囊菌,且各发酵层间和各发酵阶段均有存在,但由于发酵堆温和其他优势菌群的影响,雪黄散囊菌生长随发酵进行受到了抑制。结论在普洱茶生产过程中控制发酵条件,使其有利于雪黄散囊菌的生长,并在普洱茶发酵过程中处于优势地位,从而产生特色新风味的普洱茶。  相似文献   

3.
随着以普洱熟茶为代表的后发酵茶的广泛应用,针对发酵茶微生物的研究日益增多。以普洱熟茶为代表,对参与渥堆发酵的微生物研究现状作以综述,重点阐述普洱熟茶发酵过程中主要微生物及其作用,以及微生物的安全性研究现状。  相似文献   

4.
洛伐他汀普洱茶开发研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
红曲菌是单子囊菌属的真菌,在一定条件下代谢产生洛伐他汀,为了实现定向发酵洛伐他汀普洱茶,开发功能普洱茶产品,试验利用已筛选出的红曲菌株M13制成固体发酵剂,外源接种该菌种进行普洱茶发酵,研究微生物(红曲)在普洱茶发酵中的作用,同时探讨外源菌种在定向发酵技术的应用。结果表明,制备的普洱茶中洛伐他汀含量达到0.299mg/g,得到富含洛伐他汀的普洱茶产品,得出了定向生产洛伐他汀普洱茶的加工工艺,对有益微生物在普洱茶发酵中的推广应用具有一定意义。  相似文献   

5.
"渥堆"过程和贮藏工艺是普洱茶具有独特品质的主要原因,而"渥堆"过程中微生物发挥了重要作用.本实验对云南省普洱茶主产区的普洱熟茶中的主要霉菌进行分离鉴定,旨在探讨普洱熟茶中主要的霉菌种类.  相似文献   

6.
普洱茶功效成分及其品质形成机理研究进展   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
普洱茶具有独特的品质特征和保健功效.本文对普洱茶功效成分与其保健品质之间的关系及普洱茶品质形成过程中微生物及其酶系所起的作用进行了综述.  相似文献   

7.
正随着人们生活水平的不断提高,人们对生活的要求也越来越高,特别是人们在品茶方向上形成了新的形势。如:普洱茶在市场上受到人们的普遍欢迎,但人们只是了解普洱茶的饮茶过程,并没有对普洱茶的发酵过程积极判断,特别受不同种类微生物的影响,其中存在着不同的发展形式。为了能更好的阐述出不同种类微生物在普洱茶发酵过程中形成的影响,还要  相似文献   

8.
《食品与发酵工业》2019,(12):285-290
普洱熟茶是一种独特的微生物发酵茶,由中国云南省的大叶种茶的晒干叶制成,为中国特有名茶。近年来,普洱熟茶由于其降血脂、抗氧化、减肥、抗菌等多重保健功效而备受欢迎,目前已从普洱熟茶中分离出多种功能性成分并进行了验证。该文综述了近年来国内外对普洱熟茶化学成分及主要化学成分转化的研究,特别是普洱茶中特有的加成儿茶素类成分,为进一步研究普洱熟茶的生物活性物质及其形成机制提供了一定的理论基础。  相似文献   

9.
吕海鹏  王梦琪  张悦  朱荫  林智 《食品科学》2018,39(23):306-312
普洱茶产于云南,属于后发酵茶,是我国黑茶的典型代表之一。微生物参与的后发酵过程使晒青毛茶中的多酚类成分发生了一系列复杂的诸如氧化、聚合、缩合、分解等为主的电化学变化,奠定了普洱茶的化学物质基础,赋予了普洱茶特殊的风味品质和保健功效。近年来的研究表明,普洱茶后发酵过程中,在微生物分泌的胞外酶作用下,糖基化、甲基化以及其他类型取代方式的化学结构修饰也是多酚类成分生物转化的重要途径之一,以此形成了众多多酚类成分的化学结构修饰产物。现有研究表明,这些结构修饰产物对普洱茶的风味品质和生物活性产生重要影响,是普洱茶中潜在的重要品质化学成分和标志性成分,具有重要的研究意义。本文综述了普洱茶中多酚类成分化学结构修饰产物的研究进展。  相似文献   

10.
黑曲霉与普洱茶品质形成关系的探讨   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
普洱茶品质的形成是微生物(优势菌种黑曲霉)和酶系综合协调作用的结果,从普洱茶的化学成分、品质特征、渥堆发酵、功效、食品安全等方面作了分析,探明黑曲霉在普洱茶品质形成中具有重要作用.  相似文献   

11.
Catechin content of green tea drinks commercially available is reported to be very low in comparison with tea traditionally prepared, due to catechins conversion to their corresponding epimers during production. The purpose of this present study was to produce catechin-enriched tea drinks according to a two-step brewing procedure and to verify the catechin stability of those enriched drinks during storage. Those results confirmed that it is possible to produce EGC- and EGCG-enriched tea drinks regardless of the green tea used. Good extraction efficiencies were reached for the first and second extraction steps with catechin extraction yields ranging from 63.6% to 84.8%. Furthermore, it appeared that the catechin content in the two enriched tea drinks demonstrated a great stability since no significant degradation occurred within 8 weeks of storage. This simple two-step extraction procedure could be considered as an interesting way to produce enriched green tea drinks with more potent and stable bioactive catechins.  相似文献   

12.
超滤法生产罐装红茶饮料的研究   总被引:15,自引:1,他引:14  
采用超滤法除去红茶汁中的鞣质,辅以砂糖、果汁等生产罐装红茶饮料,呈透明状态;同时,茶中的营养成分、风味物质得到保留。证明了超滤法生产罐装红茶饮料的可行性。  相似文献   

13.
ABSTRACT:  To develop a better understanding of compositional changes occurring during the production of commercial teas, we determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) changes in ingredient levels during each of several manufacturing steps used to produce Kamairi-cha, a premium green tea. Kamairi-cha uses pan-frying instead of the usual blanching technique to inactivate the enzymes responsible for producing traditional black tea. The resulting tea lacks the characteristic bitterness of green tea, producing a green tea that is described as sweet tasting. The processing steps used to produce this pan-fried tea were as follows: 1st roasting, 1st rolling, 2nd roasting, 2nd rolling, 1st firing, and 2nd firing. The results show that during production at temperatures up to 300 °C, raw leaves lost (in percent) 97.3 water, 94 two chlorophylls, 14.3 seven catechins, and 2.75 caffeine. A separate analysis showed that the final product contained 21.67 mg/g dry wt of the biologically active amino acid theanine. The results of this 1st report on changes in individual catechins and other tea ingredients in tea leaves during pan-frying make it possible to select production conditions that maximize levels of beneficial tea ingredients. The possible significance of the results for the human diet is discussed.  相似文献   

14.
Production of black tea from the same vegetatively propagated (VP) cultivars, in Kenya and Malawi, shows variations in both chemical composition and quality. Whereas it is possible to produce black teas with similar total theaflavins and individual theaflavins, brightness and total colour levels, black teas from Kenya generally have higher thearubigins, total volatile flavour compounds and flavour index. The black tea fermentation process is much faster in Malawi compared to that in Kenya, as evidenced by faster production of plain black tea chemical parameters, especially theaflavins. Consequently, in Malawi the maximum amount of theaflavins formation takes a shorter fermentation duration than in Kenya. Given ample fermentation duration, fermentation in Kenya produces a similar amount of theaflavins. This makes it necessary to optimise fermentation time, in different geographical regions even when the same cultivar is being processed. The other plain black tea quality parameters (thearubigins, brightness and total colour) were higher in black tea which was processed in Kenya than those processed in Malawi. However, the pattern in the changes in the individual theaflavins or theaflavins digallate equivalent followed that of total (Flavognost) theaflavins, suggesting that the flavan-3-ols patterns in tea leaf might not have been affected by the geographical area of production. The total volatile flavour compounds (VFC), Group I and II VFC and the flavour index were higher in black teas processed in Kenya, further demonstrating the fact that high grown Kenyan teas are more flavoury. In both Kenya and Malawi black teas, aroma quality declined with a long duration of fermentation. Short fermentation time is therefore a method of producing more aromatic black teas. The variations in black tea quality between Malawi and Kenya were possibly due to difference in environmental conditions, leading to different shoot growth rates and biochemical composition in the shoots.  相似文献   

15.
在鲜啤酒酿造过程中,添加适量茶叶(绿茶)浸提液,酿制出茶叶保健鲜啤酒。该产品兼具茶叶与鲜啤酒的特点,风味独特,是盛夏理想的饮品。  相似文献   

16.
绿茶、红茶和乌龙茶抗氧化性能的比较   总被引:16,自引:1,他引:15  
采用流动注射化学发光法研究了绿茶、红茶和乌龙茶的抗氧化性能。实验结果表明:绿茶、红茶和乌龙茶能有效的抑制超氧阴离子自由基诱导的鲁米诺化学发光,并且随着发光体系中绿茶、红茶和乌龙茶浓度的升高,发光强度呈现下降趋势即具有较强的抗氧化性能,对绿茶、红茶和乌龙茶的抗氧化性能进行了比较。  相似文献   

17.
依据广州市茶叶消费行为的问卷调查数据,对茶叶消费者的行为进行了分析。调查显示,广州市茶叶消费者对茶叶的消费具有明显的地域性消费倾向,同时又呈现出对茶叶品牌消费的偏好性及对茶类消费需求的多元化特征,茶叶消费者对茶叶品质及健康因子较关注。要提高广州茶叶消费,需积极推广茶科普知识、提升茶叶品质,同时加强茶叶品牌建设。  相似文献   

18.
Tea fungus is symbiotic culture of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts, widely used to produce kombucha tea. Due to the rich biomass in tea fungus, it can be utilized as protein supplement in animal feed. The present study aimed to analyze the biochemical characteristics of tea fungus with the effect of fermentation time. Proximate, amino acids, and elemental analysis of tea fungus produced during kombucha fermentation were studied along with total count of microflora. Results suggested that tea fungus is rich in crude protein, crude fibre, and amino acid lysine. The biochemical characteristics of tea fungus studied were increased throughout the fermentation time.  相似文献   

19.
信阳毛尖素以独特的风味享誉中外,但冲泡过程中茶汤容易产生浑浊,影响信阳毛尖茶的品质。本文总结了引起茶汤浑浊的物质主要是外来污染物,茶叶碎末及附带物,茶汤"冷后浑"产生的沉淀物,并从清洁化加工条件、加工工艺特点、茶叶品性特征、茶叶冲泡四个角度,分析概况了引起茶汤浑浊的12个因素,就如何进一步提高信阳毛尖品质提出相关建议和对策。  相似文献   

20.
酵母菌纯种发酵普洱茶初探   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
酵母菌是普洱茶发酵过程中的优势菌种之一,含有极丰富的对人体有益的营养物质、丰富的酶系统和生理活性物质,此外还能代谢产生VB1、VB2、Vc等物质,是形成普洱茶甘、滑、醇品质风格的重要因子。对从普洱茶渥堆发酵样品中分离出的5株优势酵母菌进行纯菌接种发酵试验,并对发酵后的茶样进行化学成分检测和感官评价,结果发现,酵母菌株Y5能将生茶的多酚值由28.33%降至14.54%,将茶褐素值由2.45%增至6.86%,在5株酵母菌发酵的茶样中,其茶褐素增幅最为显著。另外Y5发酵的茶样有香甜味,其滋味略苦,生津,有回甘,可以用来提高普洱茶的香气和滋味。  相似文献   

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