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目的揭示普洱茶发酵过程中的微生物群落结构及其与普洱茶品质形成影响关系。方法采用CTAB法提取普洱茶发酵阶段样的微生物总DNA,并进行基因扩增,基于illumina Miseq技术测序平台进行双末端测序分析,研究普洱茶发酵过程中不同层间的微生物群落结构。结果首次在普洱茶发酵过程中发现了雪黄散囊菌,且各发酵层间和各发酵阶段均有存在,但由于发酵堆温和其他优势菌群的影响,雪黄散囊菌生长随发酵进行受到了抑制。结论在普洱茶生产过程中控制发酵条件,使其有利于雪黄散囊菌的生长,并在普洱茶发酵过程中处于优势地位,从而产生特色新风味的普洱茶。 相似文献
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洛伐他汀普洱茶开发研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
红曲菌是单子囊菌属的真菌,在一定条件下代谢产生洛伐他汀,为了实现定向发酵洛伐他汀普洱茶,开发功能普洱茶产品,试验利用已筛选出的红曲菌株M13制成固体发酵剂,外源接种该菌种进行普洱茶发酵,研究微生物(红曲)在普洱茶发酵中的作用,同时探讨外源菌种在定向发酵技术的应用。结果表明,制备的普洱茶中洛伐他汀含量达到0.299mg/g,得到富含洛伐他汀的普洱茶产品,得出了定向生产洛伐他汀普洱茶的加工工艺,对有益微生物在普洱茶发酵中的推广应用具有一定意义。 相似文献
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普洱茶产于云南,属于后发酵茶,是我国黑茶的典型代表之一。微生物参与的后发酵过程使晒青毛茶中的多酚类成分发生了一系列复杂的诸如氧化、聚合、缩合、分解等为主的电化学变化,奠定了普洱茶的化学物质基础,赋予了普洱茶特殊的风味品质和保健功效。近年来的研究表明,普洱茶后发酵过程中,在微生物分泌的胞外酶作用下,糖基化、甲基化以及其他类型取代方式的化学结构修饰也是多酚类成分生物转化的重要途径之一,以此形成了众多多酚类成分的化学结构修饰产物。现有研究表明,这些结构修饰产物对普洱茶的风味品质和生物活性产生重要影响,是普洱茶中潜在的重要品质化学成分和标志性成分,具有重要的研究意义。本文综述了普洱茶中多酚类成分化学结构修饰产物的研究进展。 相似文献
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Catechin content of green tea drinks commercially available is reported to be very low in comparison with tea traditionally prepared, due to catechins conversion to their corresponding epimers during production. The purpose of this present study was to produce catechin-enriched tea drinks according to a two-step brewing procedure and to verify the catechin stability of those enriched drinks during storage. Those results confirmed that it is possible to produce EGC- and EGCG-enriched tea drinks regardless of the green tea used. Good extraction efficiencies were reached for the first and second extraction steps with catechin extraction yields ranging from 63.6% to 84.8%. Furthermore, it appeared that the catechin content in the two enriched tea drinks demonstrated a great stability since no significant degradation occurred within 8 weeks of storage. This simple two-step extraction procedure could be considered as an interesting way to produce enriched green tea drinks with more potent and stable bioactive catechins. 相似文献
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超滤法生产罐装红茶饮料的研究 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:14
采用超滤法除去红茶汁中的鞣质,辅以砂糖、果汁等生产罐装红茶饮料,呈透明状态;同时,茶中的营养成分、风味物质得到保留。证明了超滤法生产罐装红茶饮料的可行性。 相似文献
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Mendel Friedman Carol E. Levin Suk-Hyun Choi Seung-Un Lee Nobuyuki Kozukue 《Journal of food science》2009,74(5):C406-C412
ABSTRACT: To develop a better understanding of compositional changes occurring during the production of commercial teas, we determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) changes in ingredient levels during each of several manufacturing steps used to produce Kamairi-cha, a premium green tea. Kamairi-cha uses pan-frying instead of the usual blanching technique to inactivate the enzymes responsible for producing traditional black tea. The resulting tea lacks the characteristic bitterness of green tea, producing a green tea that is described as sweet tasting. The processing steps used to produce this pan-fried tea were as follows: 1st roasting, 1st rolling, 2nd roasting, 2nd rolling, 1st firing, and 2nd firing. The results show that during production at temperatures up to 300 °C, raw leaves lost (in percent) 97.3 water, 94 two chlorophylls, 14.3 seven catechins, and 2.75 caffeine. A separate analysis showed that the final product contained 21.67 mg/g dry wt of the biologically active amino acid theanine. The results of this 1st report on changes in individual catechins and other tea ingredients in tea leaves during pan-frying make it possible to select production conditions that maximize levels of beneficial tea ingredients. The possible significance of the results for the human diet is discussed. 相似文献
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Production of black tea from the same vegetatively propagated (VP) cultivars, in Kenya and Malawi, shows variations in both chemical composition and quality. Whereas it is possible to produce black teas with similar total theaflavins and individual theaflavins, brightness and total colour levels, black teas from Kenya generally have higher thearubigins, total volatile flavour compounds and flavour index. The black tea fermentation process is much faster in Malawi compared to that in Kenya, as evidenced by faster production of plain black tea chemical parameters, especially theaflavins. Consequently, in Malawi the maximum amount of theaflavins formation takes a shorter fermentation duration than in Kenya. Given ample fermentation duration, fermentation in Kenya produces a similar amount of theaflavins. This makes it necessary to optimise fermentation time, in different geographical regions even when the same cultivar is being processed. The other plain black tea quality parameters (thearubigins, brightness and total colour) were higher in black tea which was processed in Kenya than those processed in Malawi. However, the pattern in the changes in the individual theaflavins or theaflavins digallate equivalent followed that of total (Flavognost) theaflavins, suggesting that the flavan-3-ols patterns in tea leaf might not have been affected by the geographical area of production. The total volatile flavour compounds (VFC), Group I and II VFC and the flavour index were higher in black teas processed in Kenya, further demonstrating the fact that high grown Kenyan teas are more flavoury. In both Kenya and Malawi black teas, aroma quality declined with a long duration of fermentation. Short fermentation time is therefore a method of producing more aromatic black teas. The variations in black tea quality between Malawi and Kenya were possibly due to difference in environmental conditions, leading to different shoot growth rates and biochemical composition in the shoots. 相似文献
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Rasu Jayabalan Kesavan Malini Muthuswamy Sathishkumar Krishnaswami Swaminathan Sei-Eok Yun 《Food science and biotechnology》2010,19(3):843-847
Tea fungus is symbiotic culture of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts, widely used to produce kombucha tea. Due to the rich biomass
in tea fungus, it can be utilized as protein supplement in animal feed. The present study aimed to analyze the biochemical
characteristics of tea fungus with the effect of fermentation time. Proximate, amino acids, and elemental analysis of tea
fungus produced during kombucha fermentation were studied along with total count of microflora. Results suggested that tea
fungus is rich in crude protein, crude fibre, and amino acid lysine. The biochemical characteristics of tea fungus studied
were increased throughout the fermentation time. 相似文献
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酵母菌纯种发酵普洱茶初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
酵母菌是普洱茶发酵过程中的优势菌种之一,含有极丰富的对人体有益的营养物质、丰富的酶系统和生理活性物质,此外还能代谢产生VB1、VB2、Vc等物质,是形成普洱茶甘、滑、醇品质风格的重要因子。对从普洱茶渥堆发酵样品中分离出的5株优势酵母菌进行纯菌接种发酵试验,并对发酵后的茶样进行化学成分检测和感官评价,结果发现,酵母菌株Y5能将生茶的多酚值由28.33%降至14.54%,将茶褐素值由2.45%增至6.86%,在5株酵母菌发酵的茶样中,其茶褐素增幅最为显著。另外Y5发酵的茶样有香甜味,其滋味略苦,生津,有回甘,可以用来提高普洱茶的香气和滋味。 相似文献