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1.
超声波辅助提取北五味子藤茎总三萜的工艺研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
将超声技术应用于北五味子藤茎中总三萜的提取中,分光光度法测定北五味子藤茎中总三萜的含量.通过响应面法优化超声提取北五味子藤茎中总三萜的工艺条件.结果表明,超声强化提取总三萜的最佳工艺条件为:料液比为1∶30(m∶V)、乙醇浓度64%、超声功率68 Hz、超声时间48 min, 预测北五味子藤茎总三萜提取率达到2.753%与模型高度拟合.  相似文献   

2.
以灵芝菌丝体为原料,在单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验和Box-Behnken响应面设计法优化超声辅助提取灵芝菌丝体总三萜工艺。结果表明,超声辅助提取灵芝菌丝体总三萜正交试验最佳工艺为:超声功率90 W、超声时间50 min、pH 8、料液比1∶40(g/mL),在此条件下灵芝菌丝体三萜平均提取率为0.76%;超声辅助提取灵芝菌丝体总三萜响应面试验最佳工艺为:超声功率90 W、超声时间42 min、pH 8、料液比1∶30(g/mL),在此条件下,灵芝菌丝体总三萜平均提取率为1.09%,与最大预测值1.13%相差0.04%。这两种方法得到的提取工艺参数可靠,可为灵芝三萜工业化生产提供技术参考。  相似文献   

3.
利用微波技术研究灵芝三萜类化合物的提取工艺条件.以乙醇浓度、提取时间、功率、液料比、温度为工艺参数,通过单因素及Box-Benhnken模型,做四因素三水平响应面优化提取条件试验;通过响应面模型的回归分析,获得最佳提取工艺条件:乙醇体积分数75%、提取温度75℃、功率870W、液料比33 mL/g、时间17 min.在此条件下灵芝三萜的平均提取率为1.043%,一次提取率可达93%.与未经微波处理的超声法、回流法、浸提法相比,微波处理可使三萜提取率提高150%.超声法、回流法和浸提法的三萜提取率分别为微波提取法的72%、86%和63%,且提取时间长,溶剂耗量大.采用微波技术提取灵芝三萜类的工艺,稳定性好,提取率高.  相似文献   

4.
对牛樟芝总三萜提取工艺参数进行优化研究。采用单因素和响应面法优化最佳工艺条件。结果表明,牛樟芝总三萜提取最佳工艺参数为乙醇浓度78%、提取时间81 min、料液比1∶20(g/mL),在此条件下,牛樟芝总三萜得率为5.26%。方差分析表明,影响牛樟芝总三萜得率由大到小的因素为乙醇浓度提取时间料液比。研究结果表明响应面法可用来优化牛樟芝总三萜的提取工艺,通过牛樟芝总三萜的提取可为进一步开发药食同源类产品提供借鉴作用。  相似文献   

5.
以提高泽泻总三萜的提取率为目的,在浸提温度、浸提时间、乙醇体积分数、料液比及超声时间的单因素基础上,采用四因素三水平Box-Behnken响应面试验设计,优选总三萜提取工艺。结果表明:最佳提取条件为乙醇体积分数70%、浸提时间46.00 min,浸提温度57.00℃,料液比1∶14(g/mL),超声时间30 min,该条件下总三萜提取得率为2.98%。  相似文献   

6.
为了进一步优化迷迭香抗氧化剂的提取方法,采用响应面法分析回流提取和超声辅助提取对迷迭香粗提物中总酚含量的影响,并通过体外抗氧化实验来评价其抗氧化活性。结果表明,回流法提取迷迭香的最佳工艺条件为:乙醇浓度80%,温度80℃,时间1 h,料液比1∶10(g/m L),得到总酚含量为33.85 mg/g。超声辅助提取迷迭香的最佳工艺条件为:温度50℃,时间40 min,料液比1∶10(g/m L),乙醇浓度80%,得到总酚含量为36.58 mg/g。超声辅助提取物的抗氧化效果优于回流提取物。  相似文献   

7.
响应面试验优化苹果渣总三萜超声提取工艺   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用超声波提取技术结合响应面分析法对富士苹果渣中总三萜的提取工艺进行优化。选择苹果渣粉碎粒度、液固比、乙醇体积分数、超声时间和超声温度进行单因素试验,在此基础上采用Plackett-Burman因素筛选设计对影响超声波提取苹果渣总三萜的因素进行试验,筛选出影响显著的因素;然后根据Box-Behnken试验设计原理,选取三因素三水平,以苹果渣总三萜得率为响应值进行响应面分析,确定最优工艺参数。结果表明:Plackett-Burman设计筛选出粉碎粒度、液固比和乙醇体积分数为对苹果渣总三萜得率有显著影响的因素;通过响应面分析,确定苹果渣总三萜最优提取工艺为粉碎粒度100 目、液固比12∶1(mL/g)、提取溶剂为无水乙醇、超声时间20 min、超声温度40 ℃,在此条件下富士苹果渣总三萜的得率为(7.10±0.01)%。  相似文献   

8.
为优化辣根中烯丙基硫代葡萄糖苷的提取工艺,采用正交试验分别对溶剂回流法和超声辅助法两种提取工艺进行研究,重点探讨料液比、乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取温度、超声功率等因素对辣根烯丙基硫代葡萄糖苷提取效果的影响。结果表明:超声辅助提取法的烯丙基硫代葡萄糖苷提取率是溶剂回流法的1.72倍,并且提取时间为溶剂回流法的2/9,因而选择超声辅助提取法为最佳方法,最优工艺条件为:料液比1∶20(m∶V),乙醇浓度为75%,超声功率400 W,提取温度40℃,超声时间40 min,该条件下烯丙基硫代葡萄糖苷提取率为4.342%。  相似文献   

9.
利用超声辅助提取法对桃金娘叶三萜进行提取,采用单因素试验和响应面法优化超声辅助提取工艺,通过香草醛-高氯酸法对三萜含量进行测定,并探讨其抗氧化能力。结果表明,各因素对三萜含量的影响大小依次为超声功率>液料比>超声时间,三萜最佳提取工艺为提取溶剂乙酸乙酯,液料比50∶1(mL/g)、超声功率294 W,超声时间90 min。在最优的提取条件下,桃金娘叶三萜的平均含量为15.72 mg/g,优于传统浸提法和水浴提取法。在桃金娘叶三萜浓度为12.27 μg/mL时,对DPPH自由基清除率可达92.52%,具有较强的抗氧化性。  相似文献   

10.
以骆驼蓬为研究对象,选择乙醇体积分数、液料比(mL∶g)、回流时间、超声时间4个影响因素,进行响应面试验设计,建立骆驼蓬总生物碱的提取工艺;用高效液相色谱法测定最佳工艺下提取的骆驼蓬总生物碱的含量。结果表明,其最佳提取工艺条件是乙醇体积分数40.0%、液料比15.0(mL∶g)、回流时间2.3h、超声时间10.5min,此工艺条件下骆驼蓬总生物碱含量为11.34%。  相似文献   

11.
A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.  相似文献   

12.
The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.  相似文献   

13.
The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.  相似文献   

14.
为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。  相似文献   

15.
Microbiology of food taints   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.  相似文献   

16.
Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (1  相似文献   

17.
Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.  相似文献   

18.
This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.  相似文献   

19.
《造纸信息》2014,(8):80-80
On December 27t", 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement "The Environmental Protection Law of the People' s Republic of China", improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)"  相似文献   

20.
正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.  相似文献   

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