草莓味魔芋固体饮料的工艺研究

本文以安康当地生产的魔芋精粉和草莓果粉为基料,以麦芽糊精、黑加仑果粉为辅料,添加三氯蔗糖作为甜味剂、柠檬酸作为酸味剂进行口味的调配,并对该配方中各成分添加量进行研究。以感官品质为评价指标,首先确定魔芋膳食纤维和草莓果粉配比量,麦芽糊精的添加量,再通过正交试验对草莓味魔芋固体饮料的配方进行优化,通过优化后的饮料配方为魔芋精粉0.2g、草莓果粉1.0g、麦芽糊精0.7g、黑加仑粉末香精0.06g、柠檬酸0.015g、三氯蔗糖0.045g、Na Cl 0.01g。     

不同来源膳食纤维品质分析及抗氧化活性研究

以酶解法制备金针菇菇根、大麦苗、麦麸粉、苦瓜粉、西兰花老茎、魔芋胶粉、芦笋下脚料总膳食纤维为原料,从物化特性、吸附能力、抗氧化活性等方面进行比较。结果表明:魔芋膳食纤维持水力、膨胀力最强,分别为47.76 g/g、14.65 mL/g;持油力差异不大,均在1.5 g/g左右;西兰花老茎膳食纤维阳离子交换能力最强,为0.64 mmol/g;金针菇、大麦苗、魔芋3种膳食纤维DPPH自由基清除能力较强,均在70.0%以上;芦笋、苦瓜膳食纤维还原能力较强;大麦苗膳食纤维羟基自由基清除能力最强,为66.594%;7种膳食纤维金属螯合力差异不大,均在93.0%以上。研究结果为肥胖、便秘等特殊人群专用膳食纤维的筛选提供一定的理论依据与借鉴。     

减肥代餐棒的加工工艺研究

以面粉、膳食纤维、魔芋精粉、山梨糖醇、全蛋粉等为原料,研制一种新型的代餐减肥食品。通过正交试验确定产品最佳配方为:高精面粉与低精面粉比例为2∶8(质量比);起酥油与黄油质量比为1∶1;碳酸氢氨与碳酸氢钠质量比为2∶9;膳食纤维是43g;魔芋精粉是16g;山梨糖醇是60g;麦芽糖浆是30g。     

麦麸膳食纤维片配方筛选实验研究

以麦麸膳食纤维粉为主要原料，选用符合食品安全的辅料和风味剂，以成型度、色泽、口感等指标为评价依据，通过单因素试验和正交分析，筛选出麦麸膳食纤维片的配方为：麦麸膳食纤维粉12．0g、低取代羟丙基纤维素1．0g、硬脂酸镁0．2g为原料的基础上，添加非淀粉多糖Ⅰ2．5g、植物胶Ⅱ2．5g、改性淀粉2．0g、天然食用香精0．2g，天然甜味剂5.0g，果葡糖浆0．4g。采用50-60℃、10％的植物胶Ⅰ的溶液对制成麦麸膳食纤维片进行喷涂，所制得的产品品质优良，表面光滑，口感好。     

响应面法优化魔芋膳食纤维提取及结合有氧运动对大鼠高脂血症的影响

以魔芋粉为原料,采用超声辅助法提取魔芋中膳食纤维,并研究魔芋膳食纤维结合有氧运动对大鼠高脂血症的影响。在单因素试验基础上,采用响应面法优化魔芋膳食纤维提取工艺条件。结果表明:最佳工艺参数为碱液浓度2.1%、超声温度57℃、超声功率260 W,在此条件下,魔芋膳食纤维的平均得率为22.69%。大鼠实验结果表明:魔芋膳食纤维结合有氧运动能够使TC、TG、LDL-C水平显著降低,HDL-C水平显著提高,对高脂血症的大鼠起到良好的干预作用,并且两者结合效果要优于两者单独作用。     

豆渣膳食纤维面条烹煮品质特性研究

将豆渣膳食纤维添加到面条中,研究豆渣膳食纤维颗粒度、豆渣膳食纤维添加量、海藻酸钠添加量、食盐添加量对豆渣膳食纤维保健面条烹煮品质特性的影响。结果表明,豆渣膳食纤维颗粒度为100目、用量g％,海藻酸钠添加量为0．25％,食盐添加量为4．0％时,豆渣膳食纤维保健面条具有良好的烹煮品质。     

魔芋仿生椰果罐头的研制

以魔芋膳食纤维、海藻酸钠、木薯淀粉为主要原料,研制一种富含膳食纤维的魔芋仿生椰果罐头。通过试验确定了魔芋仿生椰果罐头的最佳配方和工艺参数:魔芋膳食纤维3%、海藻酸钠0.3%、木薯淀粉0.8%、糖酸比35。在此条件下生产出的魔芋仿生椰果质地均匀、表面光洁、口感好。     

魔芋膳食纤维泡腾片的研制

研制以魔芋膳食纤维为原料的泡腾片固体饮料,以口感、崩解效果、溶解效果为评价指标,采用响应面法确定了魔芋膳食纤维泡腾片的最优配方,并对其进行了质量考察。结果表明泡腾片的最佳配方为:魔芋膳食纤维粉添加量16.11%,酒石酸添加量21.29%,碳酸氢钠添加量19.70%,蛋白糖添加量13.24%。制得的魔芋膳食纤维泡腾片外观整洁、崩解迅速、溶解后溶液稳定性好,酸甜爽口,有魔芋膳食纤维独特的润滑感,且崩解时限、脆碎度和质量差异均符合中国药典规定。     

苹果皮膳食纤维饮料的研制

以苹果皮为原料进行苹果皮膳食纤维饮料的研制，通过单因子试验和正交试验对饮料中苹果皮、柠檬酸、稳定剂、抗氧化剂、葡萄糖的用量进行探讨，得到了苹果皮膳食纤维饮料的最佳工艺配方为：每500ml水中添加葡萄糖80g、柠檬酸2g、苹果皮100g、阿拉伯胶1．41g、CMC 0．70g、VC 0．08g；同时还探讨了苹果皮膳食纤维饮料的稳定性以及色、香、味的保持问题。     

番茄渣膳食纤维酶法提取工艺及其特性研究

目的：以番茄渣为原料，研究酶法提取膳食纤维的工艺技术和膳食纤维的性能特性。方法：通过正交实验设计确定酶法提取膳食纤维的最佳条件，研究膳食纤维的膨胀性及持水力。结果：酶法提取膳食纤维的最佳条件，淀粉酶为温度70℃，pH值6．0，用酶量1．0％，时间3h；蛋白酶为温度60℃，pH值6．5，用酶量0．3％，时间为2h；酶法提取的水溶性膳食纤维（SDF）及水不溶性膳食纤维（IDF）的得率分别为6％及40％，IDF的膨胀性及持水力分别为12．7g／g及4．4mL／g。结论：酶法提取番茄渣膳食纤维得率较高，质量较好，有良好的发展前景。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.