贴面工艺对硬枫薄木贴面家具板材翘曲度的影响

主要讨论了贴面工艺对杨木多层胶合板双面贴硬枫薄木的家具板材翘曲度的影响,采用正交实验法分析了涂胶量、热压压力、热压温度、热压时间四个因素对杨木多层胶合板双面贴硬枫薄木的家具板材翘曲度的影响.结果表明,涂胶量对板材翘曲度影响最显著,热压压力与热压时间对翘曲度也有一定影响.建立了涂胶量、热压压力、热压温度及热压时间四个因素和板材翘曲度之间的四元二次回归方程.     

刨花板生产中热压工艺理论的研究

介绍了刨花板热压过程中板坯的物理变化和化学变化,分析了热压温度、时间、压力在热压过程中的作用,阐明了热压工艺是刨花板生产中产品质量保证的重要环节。     

中密度纤维板自动热压工艺的探讨

研究了对热压工艺的影响因素,通过生产实践,制定了自动化控制热压工艺参数及曲线,其中对热压工艺中的压力、时间进行了分析研究。结果表明合理确定热压各个阶段的压力、时间,是热压工艺中最关键的要素。     

尾巨桉材Ⅰ类胶合板制造技术的研究

采用正交试验法研究单板涂胶量、热压温度、热压时间3个因子对尾巨桉材Ⅰ类胶合板性能的影响,得出了较优的工艺参数.结果表明,单板涂胶量、热压温度、热压时间对尾巨桉胶合板的胶合强度影响显著,其中热压时间影响最大,热压温度其次,单板涂胶量最小;较优的生产工艺组合是单板涂胶量320g/m2、热压时间1.2min/mm、热压温度135℃.     

人造板蒸汽喷射热压法

本文对不同热压法进行了比较 ;阐述了蒸汽喷射热压法的发展过程 ;对蒸汽喷射热压法的不同方式进行了介绍和比较 ;介绍了蒸汽喷射热压法的实用化现状。蒸汽喷射热压法是能显著缩短热压时间、提高产品质量、前途远大的一门实用性技术 ;蒸汽喷射热压法的应用 ,将使厚、特厚板及低密度板的制造成为可能。     

喷蒸热压法

喷蒸热压法喷蒸热压法作为刨花板生产率明显提高技术最近已进入实用阶段。在刨花板制造中，热压是影响材质和生产率的重要工序，目前已开发出单层热压、多段热压和连续热压法，而喷蒸热压揭开了热压新纪元。刨花板坯在热压时，蒸汽射入板坯内，此技术潜力极大，若采用热固...     

桉木碎单板制备单板条层积材工艺初探

以桉木碎单板为研究对象,脲醛树脂为胶黏剂,采用正交试验方法,研究了热压压力、热压时间、热压温度和施胶量对桉木单板条层积材力学性能的影响。结果表明,桉木碎单板制备单板条层积材可行,热压压力、热压时间、热压温度、施胶量均对单板条层积材各项物理力学性能有不同程度的影响,在本试验条件下较优的工艺参数为热压压力2.0 MPa,热压时间18 min,热压温度125℃,施胶量6.5%。     

木质素基豆粕胶黏剂胶合板热压工艺研究

以酶解木质素和豆粕为原料制备了木质素基豆粕胶黏剂,优化了木质素基豆粕胶黏剂应用于杨木胶合板的热压工艺参数,探讨了不同工艺参数对胶合板胶合强度的影响。试验结果表明,木质素基豆粕胶黏剂制备胶合板的优化热压工艺参数为热压温度120℃、热压时间7.5 min(75 s/mm)、热压压力0.9 MPa、单面施胶量180 g/m2;影响胶合板胶合强度的工艺参数主次顺序是热压温度、热压压力、施胶量、热压时间;采用优化热压工艺条件制备3层胶合板,其Ⅱ类胶合强度大于1.0 MPa,符合GB/T 9846—2015《普通胶合板》中Ⅱ类胶合板要求。     

葵花秆重组材热压工艺初步研究

采用正交试验方法对葵花秆重组材生产工艺进行了研究,分析了施胶量、热压温度、热压压力及热压时间等工艺参数对产品性能的影响,提出了较佳的工艺参数,并分析了影响葵花秆重组材热压质量的主要因素.     

热压工艺对对位芳纶纸强度性能的影响

探讨了热压压力、热压温度以及热压次数对对位芳纶纸强度性能的影响,并利用扫描电镜对热压前后的纸张结构进行观察。结果表明:与芳纶原纸相比,热压后对位芳纶纸的紧度、抗张指数和撕裂指数显著提高,但随热压工艺参数的变化有不同的规律。固定热压温度为160℃,在热压压力为2~5MPa的范围内提高压力,紧度和抗张指数增加不明显,而撕裂指数有下降趋势;固定热压压力为2MPa,在温度120~180℃范围内提高温度,紧度增加幅度不大,而抗张指数和撕裂指数则随温度的升高呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,在温度为140℃时达最大值。较佳的热压工艺为:热压压力2MPa、热压温度140℃、热压次数5次,此时纸张的抗张指数和撕裂指数分别为43.8N.m/g和30.9 mN.m2/g。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.