无溶剂体系高酸值米糠油酶法酯化脱酸工艺优化研究

研究了无溶剂体系中,两种固定化脂肪酶(Lipozyme RMIM和Lipozyme 435)对高酸值米糠油的酶法酯化脱酸效果。结果表明,脂肪酶Lipozyme 435脱酸效果较脂肪酶Lipozyme RMIM更好。在单因素实验的基础上,运用正交实验对高酸值米糠油酶法酯化脱酸工艺条件进行优化,得到最优工艺条件为:反应温度70℃,脂肪酶Lipozyme 435添加量为米糠油质量的3%,反应时间10 h,甘油添加量为理论甘油质量的250%。在最优工艺条件下,米糠油酸值(KOH)从39.81 mg/g降到2.06 mg/g,脱酸率达到94.83%,谷维素保留率为92.44%、VE保留率为77.94%、植物甾醇保留率为82.34%。     

基于响应面分析法优化高酸值米糠油化学法酯化脱酸工艺

在对催化剂的种类、反应时间、反应温度、催化剂添加量和甘油添加量5个影响因素考察的基础上,根据中心组合试验原理设计了试验,并以响应面法优化高酸值米糠油的脱酸工艺。结果表明,酯化脱酸的最佳方案为反应时间4 h、反应温度215℃、甘油添加量为理论甘油的115%、催化剂添加量为0.3%,在此条件下的理论脱酸率可达90.95%,实际脱酸率可达91.81%,其中谷维素保留率为30.23%。以上结果表明,该工艺条件可靠,具有可行性和参考价值。     

米糠油酶法酯化脱酸的研究

通过添加单甘酯和甘油混合物,以Lipozyme TLIM为催化剂对米糠油酶法酯化脱酸进行了研究。分别考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂添加量、单甘酯和甘油混合物添加量,单甘酯和甘油的比例对酸价的影响。由单因素和响应面试验得出酶法酯化脱酸反应的最佳条件为温度65℃,反应时间9.3 h,催化剂添加量10%,单甘酯和甘油的添加量为150%,单甘酯和甘油的比例为1∶1。在此条件下酸值由原料的43.0 mg/g降至7.2 mg/g。     

米糠油化学酯化脱酸的研究

以单甘酯和甘油混合物作酯化剂,ZnCl2为催化剂对米糠油进行化学酯化脱酸研究。分别考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂添加量、酯化剂添加量和单甘酯与甘油的比例对酸值的影响。由单因素和正交实验得出酯化脱酸的最佳反应条件为：反应温度200℃,反应时间6h,催化剂添加量0．4％,酯化剂添加量150％,单甘酯与甘油的比例为1：1。在此条件下酸值（KOH）由原料的43．0mg／g降到2．2mg／g。     

高酸值油脂酯化脱酸新工艺的研究

首先在2MPa充氮的反应釜内对高酸值米糠油进行预酯化处理,预酯化温度180℃、时间4h,在此条件下米糠油的FFA从20.5%降到13.8%;然后得出2MPa充氮条件下固定化脂肪酶酶法酯化脱酸反应的最优条件:酯化温度55℃,甘油添加量为0.31g,酯化时间8h,固定化脂肪酶添加量为油重5%,干燥剂添加量为油重1.5%,在此条件下米糠油的FFA由13.8%降至2.2%。     

米糠油萃取脱酸结合吸附脱酸工艺效果研究北大核心CSCD

为了在脱酸的同时尽可能保留米糠油中的营养成分,采用乙醇萃取脱酸结合碱性微晶纤维素吸附脱酸的低温物理脱酸技术对米糠油进行脱酸。以乙醇萃取脱酸米糠油为原料,以脱酸率为考察指标,采用单因素实验和正交实验对米糠油的吸附脱酸工艺条件进行了优化,同时对比了碱炼脱酸与乙醇萃取脱酸结合吸附脱酸对米糠油品质的影响。结果表明:最佳吸附脱酸工艺条件为碱性微晶纤维素添加量3.0%、吸附时间2.0 h、吸附温度40℃,在此条件下米糠原油经乙醇萃取脱酸结合吸附脱酸处理后,酸值(KOH)由35.04 mg/g降到0.92 mg/g,谷维素的保留率为73.0%,总甾醇保留率为74.3%,总生育酚保留率为56.5%;而米糠原油经碱炼脱酸处理后,酸值(KOH)由35.04 mg/g降到1.16 mg/g,谷维素的保留率为60.1%,总甾醇保留率为65.6%,总生育酚保留率为44.6%。可见,与传统碱炼脱酸相比,萃取脱酸结合吸附脱酸的方法对米糠油中谷维素、甾醇、生育酚的保留率更高,对游离脂肪酸的脱除效果更好。     

米糠油酯化脱酸

乙米糠油中含有较高的游离脂肪酸,而且含有较一般毛油高的甘油一酸酯和甘油二酸酯。毛米糠油经过脱胶和脱蜡以后,在高温和真空条件下,利用米糠油中原有的甘油一酸酯和甘油二酸酯,或加入甘油,与游离脂肪酸发生酯化反应,可以有效地降低米糠油的酸值,并增加中性油的数量。酯化脱酸能量消耗较高,可适用于米糠油的脱酸。     

高酸值米糠油同步脱酸脱蜡工艺

以95%乙醇为萃取剂,采用溶剂法对高酸值米糠原油进行同步脱酸脱蜡,以脱酸率、脱蜡率为指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验优化高酸值米糠油同步脱酸脱蜡工艺条件。结果表明：高酸值米糠油脱酸脱蜡最佳工艺条件为卵磷脂添加量0.15%（以95%乙醇质量计）、萃取时间40 min、萃取温度60 ℃、料液比1∶ 2.5、萃取次数4次,在最佳工艺条件下米糠油的脱酸率和脱蜡率分别为99.45%和99.86%,精炼得率为65.67%,谷维素、植物甾醇和维生素E保留率分别为87.88%、9764%和95.15%。     

高酸价米糠油酯化脱酸技术的研究

以甘油作酯化剂,氧化锌为催化剂对高酸价米糠油进行化学酯化脱酸研究.探讨了酯化反应过程中反应时间、反应温度、催化剂和甘油的添加量对米糠油脱酸效果的影响,最佳酯化条件为:反应时间为6h、反应温度200℃、催化剂的添加量为0.2％、甘油添加量为200％的情况下,可使高酸价(≥酸价37.0 mgKOH/g)的米糠油酸价大幅度下降,可降低到3.6 mgKOH/g油脂以下,显著提高了米糠油的精炼率和品质.     

偏甘油酯脂肪酶Lipase G50的固定化及其催化高酸值米糠油乙酯化脱酸的研究北大核心CSCD

研究了偏甘油酯脂肪酶Lipase G50的固定化及其催化高酸值米糠油乙酯化脱酸效果。结果表明:相比于其他4种树脂,ECR8285树脂对Lipase G50的固定化效果最好,在载酶量为40 mg/g时,制备得到的固定化Lipase G50的酯化活力为518.66 U/g,比活力为15.65 U/mg;最佳的固定化Lipase G50催化脱酸工艺条件为无水乙醇与高酸值米糠油中游离脂肪酸物质的量比2∶1、酶加量40 U/g、反应温度40℃、反应时间6 h,在最佳条件下高酸值米糠油的酸值(KOH)由62.14 mg/g降至0.12 mg/g;与此同时,固定化Lipase G50在高酸值米糠油脱酸中展现出优异的操作稳定性,连续使用10个批次,酯化活力为509.22 U/g,与初始固定化酶相比,酯化活力没有显著降低。脱酸米糠油经分子蒸馏后,其酸值(KOH)为0.19 mg/g,过氧化值为2.16 mmol/kg,达到了GB/T 19112—2003一级米糠油标准。因此,固定化Lipase G50在油脂脱酸领域具有广阔的应用前景。     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.     

National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the "13~(th) Five-Year Plan"

In Apri Commi major p Plan＂ （h 2014, the National Development and Reform ssion issued an announcement for selection of reliminary research projects for the ＂13th Five-Year ereafter referred to as ＂The Announcement＂）     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the latest scientific     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Anti-mutagenic compounds from corn

In previous studies with aflatoxin-contaminated corn an uncharacteristic response for AFB₁ in the Salmonella/microsomal mutagenicity assay (Ames test) was observed and the presence of anti-aflatoxin factors in the corn was suggested. In the current study, corn was extracted and fractionated using thin layer chromatography (TLC) using different developing solvent systems and the Ames test was used to monitor for anti-mutagenic activity in the corn fractions. Both Salmonella tester strains TA98 and TA100 with metabolic activation (S9) were used. Several corn fractions, at different stages in the isolation and purification process, showed anti-mutagenic dose-responses when exposed to pure AFB₁. Corn extracts were non-toxic to the tester strains and TLC fractions that showed the best anti-mutagenic dose-responses were selected for further partial characterization analyses.