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不同干燥方式对莲子品质的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了莲子的热风干燥、真空微波干燥、真空冷冻干燥、热风-真空微波干燥和热风-气流膨化干燥5种不同干燥方式及其对莲子干燥产品物理性质、主要营养成分和微观结构的影响。结果表明:总色差值大小顺序为真空冷冻干燥热风-气流膨化干燥热风干燥真空微波干燥热风-真空微波干燥;硬度大小顺序为热风干燥真空微波干燥热风-真空微波干燥热风-气流膨化干燥真空冷冻干燥,而脆度大小顺序为真空冷冻干燥真空微波干燥热风干燥热风-真空微波干燥热风-气流膨化干燥;比容大小顺序为真空冷冻干燥热风-气流膨化干燥热风-真空微波干燥真空微波干燥热风干燥;复水性大小顺序为真空冷冻干燥热风-气流膨化干燥热风-真空微波干燥真空微波干燥热风干燥;5种产品中的蛋白质和粗纤维含量相差不大;真空冷冻干燥、热风-真空微波干燥与热风-气流膨化干燥产品的微观结构均观察到明显的蜂窝状结构,热风干燥产品仍为致密结构,真空微波干燥产品中仅出现少量空隙。综合看来,热风-气流膨化干燥可以作为开发莲子休闲食品的适合加工方式。 相似文献
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以超细粉碎后的红枣红豆为原料,比较了热风干燥、真空微波干燥方式下干燥红枣红豆浆的效果。结果表明:真空微波干燥物料水分随时间延长呈比较均匀的下降,时间较短;热风干燥初期水分迅速下降,会在表面形成硬膜,用时较长。热风干燥产品的吸水指数为3.3,水溶性指数为42%,L值为18.8,VC含量为0.98mg/g;真空微波干燥产品的吸水指数是3.5,水溶性指数是51%,L值为29.1,VC含量为9.02mg/g,真空微波干燥的产品品质优于热风干燥。真空微波产品比热风干燥容易吸潮。 相似文献
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不同干燥方式对甘薯产品品质的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
研究热风干燥、真空干燥、真空微波干燥、真空冷冻干燥和变温压差膨化干燥5种不同干燥方式对甘薯干燥产品物理性质、营养成分和微观结构的影响。结果表明:硬度:热风干燥>变温压差膨化干燥>真空微波干燥>真空干燥>真空冷冻干燥;色泽:热风干燥>真空干燥>变温压差膨化干燥>真空微波干燥>真空冷冻干燥;粗蛋白和粗纤维含量经过干燥加工后无明显变化;5种干燥加工处理均可使甘薯产品粗淀粉含量减少,还原糖含量增加;干燥处理后甘薯β-胡萝卜素和VC都大幅度下降;真空冷冻干燥产品与变温压差膨化样品的细胞结构孔隙较大且均匀一致,呈现出较好的蜂窝状结构;热风干燥与真空干燥产品结构紧密;真空微波干燥产品细胞结构致密,密度较大。综合看来,变温压差膨化干燥产品品质优良且生产成本也较低,适宜于进行甘薯干燥加工的工业化生产。 相似文献
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不同干燥方式对香蕉产品品质的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了对比普通热风干燥、真空冷冻干燥、传统油炸干燥、真空干燥、真空微波干燥、变温压差膨化干燥6种不同的干燥方式对香蕉干燥产品营养成分、微观结构、感官品质、风味成分、生产周期的影响。采用理化分析技术检测营养成分含量;扫描电子显微镜观察微观结构;固相微萃取气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析检测风味成分;评分法进行感官评价、变异系数综合评价。结果表明:6种不同干燥方式下香蕉产品营养成分变化显著,变温压差膨化干燥和真空冷冻干燥可较好保留产品各种营养成分;电子显微镜扫描显示变温压差膨化干燥产品细胞空隙最大,感官评分最高;固相微萃取气相色谱-质谱联用分析结果表明6种不同干燥方式下香蕉产品生成了不同种类风味物质和特有风味成分,变温压差膨化干燥和真空冷冻干燥能较好地保留鲜香蕉中的酯类物质。干燥方式综合评价结果为:真空冷冻干燥变温压差膨化干燥传统油炸干燥真空干燥真空微波干燥普通热风干燥。但真空冷冻干燥投资大,生产周期长;变温压差膨化干燥微观细胞结构空隙最大,赋予产品疏松多孔结构。综合考量产品营养成分、感官评分、风味物质、微观结构、生产周期五类评价指标得出,变温压差膨化干燥加工技术适用于香蕉干制品的生产加工。 相似文献
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对香蕉进行切片干燥处理是香蕉深加工的有效方法之一,对比了热风干燥、真空干燥、冷冻干燥、热风-真空联合干燥以及冷冻-热风联合干燥等5种不同干燥方式对香蕉干制品的外观特性、Vc含量及干燥时间的影响。其中对热风-真空以及冷冻-热风2种联合干燥进行了正交试验和方差分析,得出主次因素,进而确定了2种联合干燥的较优工艺参数,并对比分析了这5种不同干燥方式下香蕉切片的干燥过程和干制品品质的变化。结果表明:从干制品外形及品质优劣来评价,依次为冷冻干燥冷冻-热风联合干燥真空干燥热风-真空联合干燥热风干燥;与冷冻干燥相比,冷冻-热风联合干燥具有与其相媲美的品质,和较少的干燥时间,其较优工艺参数为冷冻时间3 h,中间转换点含水率40%,热风温度70℃。 相似文献
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本试验首先比较了微波真空干燥、真空冷冻干燥以及热风干燥对香蕉皮干燥后褐变程度的影响。其次,以微波真空干燥得到的香蕉皮为原料,采用正交试验对香蕉皮总酚的提取工艺进行研究,确定了超声波辅助提取香蕉皮中总酚的最佳工艺条件。结果表明:微波真空干燥和真空冷冻干燥的香蕉皮褐变程度远低于热风干燥。香蕉皮中总酚的最佳提取工艺条件为:料液比1:20(g/mL)、60%的乙醇溶液、70℃条件下超声波(固定功率120 W)作用40 min,总多酚提取率最高,香蕉皮总酚的提取量达36.95 mg/g(干基)。 相似文献
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Structural properties of dehydrated products during rehydration 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Magdalini K. Krokida & Zacharias B. Maroulis 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2001,36(5):529-538
The following structural properties of dehydrated apple, banana, carrot and potato were examined during rehydration: true density, apparent density, porosity and specific volume. Samples were dehydrated using five different drying methods: conventional, vacuum, freeze, microwave and osmotic; after which they were rehydrated in an air dryer at 50 °C and 80% air humidity. Structural properties were examined during rehydration to various moisture contents, ranging from 0.01 to 3.5 kg kg–1 (dry basis). The dehydrated products did not recover their structural properties after rehydration as a result of structural damage that occurred during drying and the hysteresis phenomenon which took place during rehydration. Porosity of the rehydrated products was higher during rehydration than during dehydration. A generalized structural model was used to describe the structural properties, and of the four parameters that were incorporated, only the shrinkage coefficient, which represents volume expansion, changed on rehydration. 相似文献
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综述了香蕉粉预防及治疗溃疡、润肠及治疗便秘等功能,以及加工中存在的技术难点,介绍了目前加工香蕉粉常用的喷雾干燥及真空冷冻干燥技术,并推介在香蕉粉加工中应用真空带式连续干燥、微波真空干燥及挤压膨化等新技术。 相似文献
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Drying tests for ripe and green banana (Musa cv. Giant Cavendish AAA) slices and for a foam made from ripe banana puree were performed in a household microwave oven and in a laboratory forced draft warm air oven. Weight change of the banana slices as a function of time in both ovens, and temperature and relative humidity (RH) of air leaving the microwave oven were recorded. Drying rates were calculated and the data fitted to a variable diffusion model. Drying time in the microwave oven was seventeen to twenty times less than in the forced draft oven. The drying energy efficiency in the microwave oven was about 30%. 相似文献
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Dimitrios Argyropoulos Albert Heindl Joachim Müller 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2011,46(2):333-342
Combined drying of hot air and microwave‐vacuum has been proposed as an alternative method to improve the quality of dried mushrooms, especially the structural and textural properties. In the present study, the effect of different drying methods namely, convective hot‐air drying, hot air combined with microwave‐vacuum drying and freeze‐drying on qualitative attributes of pretreated mushrooms was investigated. The quality assessment was based on colour, texture, density, porosity and rehydration characteristics of the dried mushrooms. Combined drying of hot air and microwave‐vacuum resulted in a dried product of superior quality when compared to the slices dried completely by conventional hot air, exhibiting lower overall colour variation, higher porosity, greater rehydration ratio and softer texture. In a dry state, mushrooms with a puffy structure and unique crispy texture were created by the combined drying method, which might be considered as important characteristics for developing nonfat snack‐type food products. 相似文献