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1.
以酿酒酵母Lmb1为发酵菌种,对粉蓝、园蓝、梯芙蓝、灿烂、顶峰和芭尔得温等6种蓝莓果实进行发酵,研究不同蓝莓品种对蓝莓果酒品质的影响。测定这6种蓝莓果实的含糖量、出汁率、可滴定酸度、总酚、花色苷含量等加工品质,并比较不同蓝莓品种在酿酒过程中色泽、花色苷含量、含糖量、酒精度等的变化。试验结果表明,梯芙蓝果实的总酚含量和花色苷含量最高,出汁率、可滴定酸度居中,6种蓝莓果实中梯芙蓝果实作为发酵果酒特性最好,其次是园蓝。在蓝莓果酒发酵过程中,从糖含量及酒精度的变化来看,梯芙蓝和园蓝的酒精度适中,残糖量较高,口感好;综上,梯芙蓝品种最适合用来发酵营养价值高、品质优良的蓝莓果酒。  相似文献   

2.
本研究通过对"园蓝"和"粉蓝"两个品种蓝莓果实在生长期喷施有机钙,从而达到提高保鲜效果。研究结果表明,生长期内喷施有机钙可有效提高蓝莓果实中钙离子含量,从而抑制了两个品种蓝莓果实呼吸强度、乙烯释放速率、丙二醛含量和可溶性果胶含量的升高,降低PPO、POD和PG酶活性,从而延缓了果实的衰老,降低果实软果率和腐烂率(80 d时,"粉蓝(喷钙)"的软果率较"粉蓝(对照)"低7.41%,腐烂率低5.62%;"园蓝(喷钙)"的软果率较"园蓝(对照)"低11.62%,腐烂率低9.57%);在果实品质方面,喷钙处理果实的可溶性固形物、总酸、总酚、花色苷含量、失重率、可溶性果胶含量的变化均在不同程度受到抑制。除此之外,喷钙处理果实表皮色泽和风味指数也较对照组有效保持。总之,生长期喷钙可有效提高"园蓝"、"粉蓝"两个品种蓝莓果实的保鲜效果。  相似文献   

3.
兔眼蓝莓是贵州引进的蓝莓品种之一,本项目对园蓝和芭尔德温鲜果进行理化指标分析,得出园蓝的糖酸比和花青素含量高于芭尔德温,果实品质园蓝优于芭尔德温;对二者酿造的红酒进行理化指标和品评得出,园蓝和芭尔德温酿造红酒的品质均较好,园蓝更优于芭尔德温,二者都适合作为红酒酿造原料。  相似文献   

4.
《食品与发酵工业》2016,(1):128-133
为了了解不同品种及产地对贵州主栽晚熟蓝莓加工特性的影响,以5个晚熟品种及2个不同产地的蓝莓果实为试材,对其外观形态、理化特性和营养成分进行加工特性的评价分析。结果显示:不同品种及产地蓝莓果实间品质差异显著,龙奔基地的巴尔德温单果质量最大(2.55g),含水量(86.17%)、出汁率(61.20%)、可溶性固形物(TSS)(10.77%)、可溶性蛋白质(4.12 mg/100g FW)含量均较高,但花色苷含量(61.59 mg/100g FW)最低;龙奔基地的灿烂果实中可滴定酸含量最低(0.32%),固酸比(36.14)、p H(2.90)最高;龙崩基地圆蓝果实中花色苷含量(179.93 mg/100g)最高;碧波基地圆蓝果实中还原糖(10.62%)、总酚(419.34 mg/100g FW)、总黄酮(75.58 mg/100g FW)含量最高,抗氧化活性较好。经综合评价,龙崩基地的提芙蓝、粉蓝和圆蓝适合于加工成果酱、果脯类产品,龙崩基地灿烂和碧波基地粉蓝适合于鲜销,碧波基地圆蓝则适合开发高档保健食品,巴尔德温适合开发果汁类产品。  相似文献   

5.
不同产地蓝莓关键品质因子分析及其抗氧化特性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为研究不同产地的同一品种蓝莓品质特性及其花色苷抗氧化特性,以采自南京、湖州、玉溪、贵阳四个不同产地的"灿烂"蓝莓果实为试验材料,测定了总酸、总糖、水分、可溶性固形物、蛋白质和矿质元素含量;并采用体积浓度为60%、pH为3.0的乙醇溶液提取蓝莓花色苷,测定了蓝莓花色苷含量、总还原能力及羟基自由基、DPPH自由基的清除能力,并以VC为对照,系统评价了不同产地蓝莓花色苷的抗氧化特性。结果表明:不同产地"灿烂"蓝莓的关键品质成分含量不同,贵阳产地蓝莓总酸含量最低为0.39%,总糖含量最高为11.91%,四产地水分含量在80.37%~83.60%,玉溪产地蓝莓蛋白质含量最高为613.50 mg/100 g,可溶性固形物含量由高至低为南京蓝莓、贵阳蓝莓、玉溪蓝莓、湖州蓝莓。不同产地蓝莓提取液花色苷含量和花色苷抗氧化能力由高至低均为贵阳花色苷、湖州花色苷、玉溪花色苷、南京花色苷。  相似文献   

6.
对比分析了低剂量~(60)Co γ射线辐照、二氧化氯(ClO_2)溶液浸泡、臭氧(O_3)处理及预温处理对芭尔德温蓝莓采后贮藏品质的影响。通过检测蓝莓的好果率、失重率、可溶性固形物(SSC)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性等指标,判断不同处理方式的贮藏效果。结果表明:4种前处理方式均能不同程度地提高蓝莓果实的贮藏品质。其中辐照处理组贮藏效果最好,能够较长时间维持蓝莓果实的好果率及最低的失重率、维持较高SSC含量,显著抑制PPO活性;而臭氧处理可维持较低的失重率,保持良好的果皮颜色;二氧化氯处理虽能提高蓝莓果实的好果率、降低蓝莓失重率,但作用效果弱于辐照组和臭氧组;预温处理虽能维持较高蓝莓果皮颜色,但导致果实失重率升高,在4种处理中贮藏效果相对较差。因此,相对其它3种贮藏方式,~(60)Co γ射线辐照预处理更能使芭尔德温蓝莓维持较好的贮藏品质,显著延长蓝莓贮藏期。  相似文献   

7.
为探究不同蓝莓品种酿酒品质,分别测定粉蓝、园蓝、梯夫蓝、灿烂、巴尔德温及高丛混合酿造蓝莓酒总酚及总黄酮含量,并进行抗氧化活性测定。结果表明,梯夫蓝总酚含量最高为0.46 mg/mL,其次是园蓝为0.43 mg/mL,最低是灿烂为0.30 mg/mL;总黄酮含量整体差异不大,其中最高为灿烂1.26 mg/mL,最低为高丛混合1.02 mg/mL。6种蓝莓红酒羟基自由基抑制率最高为园蓝65.9%,最低为灿烂34.2%;DPPH自由基清除率最高为灿烂达95.52%,其次为园蓝达92.94%,最低是高丛混合为42.94%。从这几方面看6种都适合酿造红酒,园蓝为优选。  相似文献   

8.
目的比较几种蓝莓、黑莓原果汁及天然红色素果汁饮料的品质。方法通过对6品种蓝莓、黑莓果汁出汁率、可溶性固形物、总酸含量、色价、总花色苷含量及花色苷降解指数等品质指标的比较,并制备黑莓果汁饮料,与6种市售蓝莓、桑葚果汁饮料的品质进行比较。结果 6品种原果汁的可溶性固形物含量在8.8%~14.2%范围内,总酸含量在0.447%~1.604%之间,色价为6~45,总花色苷含量在22~83 mg/100 mL之间,花色苷降解指数为1.10~1.23,出汁率为60%~70%,其中园蓝和宝森原果汁的品质较好。7种果汁产品的品质差异较大,其中黑莓果汁饮料的果汁含量30%,色价为3.63±0.050,总花色苷含量6.70±0.019 mg/100 mL,花色苷降解指数1.34,仅次于果汁含量95%的蓝百蓓有机野生蓝莓汁。蓝百蓓野生蓝莓汁和光明桑果汁饮料的品质适中,受欢迎度高。结论原果汁品质从高到低依次为园蓝、宝森、赫尔、切斯特、灿烂、巨蓝;果汁产品品质从高到低依次为蓝百蓓有机野生蓝莓汁、黑莓果汁饮料、光明桑果汁饮料、蓝百蓓野生蓝莓汁、萃雅源蓝莓汁、绿情野生蓝莓汁、金双谷蓝莓汁。  相似文献   

9.
以贵州产"灿烂"蓝莓为研究对象,采用1.5kGy60Co-γ射线辐照经分级的蓝莓,在冷藏(4℃±1℃)条件下贮藏,考察在整个贮藏期间(50d)辐照对分级蓝莓失重率、腐烂率、硬度、可溶性固形物、色度、花青素和维生素C的影响。结果表明:1.5kGy辐照能够延缓中小果径蓝莓失重率,腐烂率的增大,抑制果实软化以及可溶性固形物、维生素C含量的消耗,对花青素含量的总体变化不明显。1.5kGy辐照的中小果径蓝莓果实能够保持良好的品质,延缓贮藏期间的品质劣变。因此,中小果径蓝莓果实更适宜于辐照保藏。  相似文献   

10.
研究物流运输过程中发泡聚乙烯(EPE)减振包装对蓝莓果实品质的影响,为蓝莓物流运输及保鲜提供依据。对比研究EPE、气泡垫和发泡聚苯乙烯(EPS)3种减振材料的性质,发现EPE减振材料缓冲性能优于气泡垫和EPS,选用不同厚度(4,6,8 mm)的EPE材料对蓝莓进行减振贮藏研究。与对照组相比,在贮藏末期,8 mm EPE减振材料蓝莓腐烂率仅为17.2%,是对照组的0.51倍,可有效降低蓝莓果实腐烂率,蓝莓8 mm EPE材料处理组在贮藏末期失重率仅为对照组的39%,延缓了失重率的增长,可滴定酸和可溶性固形物随着贮藏时间延长逐渐减少,贮藏末期,8 mm EPE组TSS含量最高,为贮藏初期的75.4%,而对照组含量为贮藏初期的37.4%;8 mm EPE减振材料蓝莓组硬度变化延缓,对照组花色苷含量在贮藏14 d时含量最丰富,含量为1.96 mg/g,而EPE组在第28天时达到最高含量,依次为1.88,1.93,1.96 mg/g;对照组总酚含量在第7天达到峰值5.675 mg/g,EPE处理组在贮藏21 d时含量最高,其中8 mm EPE减振材料含量最高;在贮藏末期,各组MDA含量分别为17.5,12.3,11.5,10μmol/L,EPE组含量低于对照组,8 mm EPE组含量最低,是对照组含量的57.1%,说明8 mm EPE减振材料能有效延缓蓝莓贮藏期间花色苷、总酚和丙二醛含量的降低,有助于蓝莓的贮藏保鲜。  相似文献   

11.
Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.  相似文献   

12.
An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.  相似文献   

13.
The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.  相似文献   

14.
The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.  相似文献   

15.
A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.  相似文献   

16.
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in the detection of the adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum. For CE analyses, standards of locust bean and guar gums were extracted with 30% CH3CN, removing the residual proteins from the gum matrix. A 8.75 mM NaH2PO4-20.6 mM Na2B4O7 buffer, pH 9, was used to separate these proteins and to identify marker proteins that were present in the guar gum. These markers did not co-migrate with components in the extracts of mechanically processed locust bean gum, and are used as indicators of adulteration. Using PLM with toluidine blue and iodine staining techniques, unadulterated locust bean gum samples were distinguished from mixed samples through the differential staining of components in locust bean versus guar and tara gums. These experiments in the use of CE and PLM provide orthogonal and complementary methods for the verification of 'true' positives and the elimination of 'false' positives.  相似文献   

17.
An investigation is described in which various polyfunctional compounds were applied to wool in attempts to stabilize the temporary improvements in wrinkle-recovery brought about by ‘annealing’. Several reactive systems involving formaldehyde were found to produce the desired permanently improved wrinkle-recovery.  相似文献   

18.
19.
BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H2O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.  相似文献   

20.
《造纸信息》2014,(8):79-79
Ministr y of Industr y and Information Technology confirmed that the main expected targets for energysaving and comprehensive utilization in 2014 are:energy consumption and CO2 emissions per unit of industrial added-value decreases by 4.5%,water consumption per ten thousand Yuan of industrial added-value decreases by7%,comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste is further improved,and pollution emissions in key industries is markedly reduced.  相似文献   

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