香蕉及茶叶中纤维素酶产生菌的筛选

本实验从香蕉茎叶、茶叶及香蕉土壤、茶土壤环境中经初筛和复筛分离纯化出16株产纤维素酶的菌株,对其菌株的外在特性和产酶活力进行了研究和测定。结果从培养基来看,产酶菌株以从牛肉膏蛋白胨中性培养基里分离出来的为最多（5株）;体原料来源,以从土壤环境中分离出的菌株居多（10株）。菌株多为乳黄色（8株）和蓝绿色霉菌（3株）。水解圈以半透明的居多（12株）,且16株菌株的水解圈与菌落直径比在1.0-2．0之间居多（10株）。产酶菌株的酶活和水解圈的透明状态基,树目符,即水解圈为透明状态的菌株酶活值较大,而水解圈为半透明状态的菌株酶活值相对较小;其中以查中香土10^-2-2-1的酶活值最大,为4．5。     

一株人体肠道产纤维素酶菌的筛选、鉴定及酶活分析

以滤纸作为唯一碳源,成功从人体肠道微生物中筛选分离出1株产纤维素酶的菌株H1。分离富集后的菌株用纤维素刚果红培养基进行筛选鉴定、革兰色染色、对菌株进行分类并对该菌种进行CMC酶活测定与分析、分子鉴定。H1在纤维素刚果红平板上能呈现阳性反应;镜检发现,H1菌株为短杆状,革兰色阴性菌;该菌株在13h酶活最大,为0.8U左右;分子鉴定结果为假单孢菌属。     

异淀粉酶产生菌的筛选

从淀粉厂附近的土壤中分离产脱枝酶的菌株,通过筛选得到了多株菌株。对其中一类产脱枝酶的菌落为黄色的菌株进行了研究,从中筛选到了一株产异淀粉酶酶活相对较高的菌株D15,依据菌株特性初步鉴定该菌株属于黄杆菌属。对菌株D15的液体发酵条件进行了初步优化,其发酵64 h时产酶活力最大,达到1.62 U/mL。     

白酒发酵副产物黄水中两株产纤维素酶芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定

利用羧甲基纤维钠（CMCNa）平板筛选法,从白酒发酵副产物黄水中分离得到12株产纤维素酶菌株,其中菌株M34和菌株N2的比酶活最大,被选为后续研究对象。根据细菌形态特征观察,生理生化特性分析并结合16SrRNA序列分析,鉴定菌株M34和菌株N2分别为环状芽孢杆菌（Bacilluscirculans）和内生芽孢杆菌（Bacillusendophyticus）。菌株经液态发酵培养,运用DNS法测定纤维素酶系酶活力,结果表明菌株N2的各酶活均高于菌株M34,其羧甲基纤维素酶活为0. 132U/mL,微晶纤维素酶活为0. 012U/mL,滤纸酶活为0. 041U/mL,β-葡萄糖苷酶活为0. 158U/mL。     

黑曲霉细胞诱变产菊粉酶菌株选育的研究

从徐州市沛县河口镇秦庄村牛蒡种植基地取得的土壤样本中,筛选出产菊粉酶的菌株,对从土壤中分离到的40株产菊粉酶的各类微生物进行酶活的测定。通过透明圈法初筛及摇瓶复筛,获得产菊粉酶能力较高的霉菌菌株3株,为C122803、D081506和D081513,这3株菌株的酶活分别达到：C122803：1.411U/mL;D081506：1.895U/mL;D081513：1.792U/mL。其中D081506的酶活最高,为1.895 U/mL;对D081506号黑曲霉产菊粉酶菌株进行紫外诱变及LiCl诱变后,得到一株内切型菊粉酶酶活最高的菌株F144131,其酶活力提高到2.025 U/mL,比出发菌株的酶活力提高了20%。     

不同微生物菌株产脂肪酶发酵条件优化

从石油污染土壤中分离、筛选出4株产脂肪酶高的微生物菌株,采用正交试验对4株菌产脂肪酶发酵条件进行了初步优化.结果表明,碳源种类和油含量对各种菌株产酶的影响效果较大;其中D4菌株产酶活最高,达到51.667U/mL;而A6菌株产酶活最低,为23.334U/mL.为进一步工业化生产脂肪酶奠定理论基础.     

产淀粉酶芽孢杆菌的分离和鉴定

从土壤中分离筛选出产淀粉酶的菌株,经淀粉培养基初筛后,采用DNS法对发酵提取的粗酶液进行总酶活和α-淀粉酶活力的测定,通过形态观察和生理生化反应对筛出的菌株进行鉴定。结果表明:分离到4株产淀粉酶芽孢杆菌,测得其透明圈直径与菌落直径比值在1.7~3.5之间,其中有2株菌株产淀粉酶能力较高,总酶活达到19.760 U/mL和15.432 U/mL;4株芽孢杆菌所产α-淀粉酶酶活在6.4 U/mL~10.4 U/mL之间。经鉴定,1株为枯草芽孢杆菌,3株为蜡样芽孢杆菌,枯草芽孢杆菌的产淀粉酶能力优于蜡样芽孢杆菌。     

香蕉及茶叶中单宁降解菌株的筛选

本实验从香蕉茎叶、茶叶及香蕉土壤、茶土壤环境中经初筛和复筛分离纯化出16株产单宁酸酶的菌株,对其菌株的外在特性和产酶活力进行了研究和测定。结果表明,从培养基来看,产酶菌株以从牛肉膏蛋白胨中性培养基里分离出来的居多（11株）;从原料来源看,以从茎叶分离出的菌株居多（14株）;菌株多为棕或绿色霉菌（15株）;水解圈以透明的居多（10株）,且16株菌株的水解圈与菌落直径比均在1．0．2．0之间。产酶菌株的酶活和水解圈的透明状态基本相符;其中以牛中香茎处10^0-1、牛中香茎处10^0-2、牛中香茎处10^0-6等3株的酶活值最大,为3．4。     

一株产高活性多酚氧化酶菌株筛选鉴定及其酶学性质

采用变色圈法从土壤样品中分离筛选产多酚氧化酶的菌株,对其进行形态学观察、分子生物学鉴定,并对其所产多酚氧化酶的酶学性质进行研究。结果表明,筛选得到1株产多酚氧化酶活性较高的菌株,命名为ZL-2,其被鉴定为竹黄菌属（Shiraia sp.）。菌株ZL-2发酵8 d产多酚氧化酶酶活最高,达到521 U/mL。菌株ZL-2产多酚氧化酶最适底物为邻苯二酚,其最适pH值为6、最适温度为30 ℃;酶活在温度20～40 ℃及pH 3～6范围内稳定。金属离子Cu2+、Mg2+、Mn2+、Fe3+、Zn2+对多酚氧化酶都有激活作用,其中Cu2+激活作用最强;Ca2+、Al3+对酶活有一定抑制作用;L-抗坏血酸和亚硫酸氢钠对该酶抑制作用较强。     

微波诱变筛选纤维素酶高产菌株

利用透明圈法和刚果红染色法从堆肥中分离出产纤维素酶活力较高的霉菌7株。通过测定其羧甲基纤维素(CMC)酶活力和滤纸(FPA)酶活力,筛选出酶活力较高的5株菌,分别命名为D_2、D_(12)、D_(13)、D_(21)、D_(23),其中菌株D_2产酶能力最强,CMC酶活和FPA酶活分别为252.3U/mL和104.4U/mL。根据D_2菌株的菌落、菌丝、分生孢子梗、孢子的形态等特征,初步鉴定该菌株为黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)。为了进一步提高菌株D_2的产酶能力,对其进行了微波诱变,得到产酶活力最高的突变株W_(41),其滤纸(FPA)酶活达到128.7U/mL,比D_2菌株提高了23.3%。经连续传代,其性能稳定。     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.     

National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the "13~(th) Five-Year Plan"

In Apri Commi major p Plan＂ （h 2014, the National Development and Reform ssion issued an announcement for selection of reliminary research projects for the ＂13th Five-Year ereafter referred to as ＂The Announcement＂）     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the latest scientific     

Contamination of animal feed and food from animal origin with mineral oil hydrocarbons

Oils and fats used for the production of animal feed can become contaminated with mineral oil material originating from gas oils (C₁₈-C₃₅) or synthetic oils (poly alpha olefins, C₂₅ to beyond C₄₅). An important cause is assumed to be the discharge of waste oils, such as motor oil and hydraulic oils. Mineral oil material was analysed by on-line LC-GC-FID directly in the fat or in a raw extract from animal feed or foodstuffs. In Switzerland in summer/autumn 1999 concentrations in oils and fats for feed production were often found to be between 100 and 1000mg/kg. In the feeds, the average concentration was around 100mg/kg with values ranging up to a maximum of 1000mg/kg; few samples were free of contamination. In animal body fat, the average concentration determined in summer 1999 was 25mg/kg, with a maximum of 150mg/kg, although in samples from December 1999, contamination was substantially lower. In the fat phase of eggs, the average concentration was 30mg/kg, with a maximum of 80mg/kg. Paraffin oil is used for feed production, which may account for part of the contamination problem (e.g. eggs).