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《农村实用工程技术(绿色食品)》2009,(10):8-9
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广东片:增城、德庆、从化、信宜、白云、黄埔、花都、番禺、台山、开平、鹤山、恩平、三水、顺德、高明、龙门、清远、雷州、吴川、遂溪、徐闻、珠海、惠州市惠城区、惠阳区、惠东、博罗、东莞市、汕头市澄海区、潮南区、惠来。 相似文献
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中华全国供销合作总社 《中国棉花加工》2010,(5):4-4
<正>河北、山西、辽宁、江苏、浙江、安徽、江西、山东、河南、湖北、湖南、四川、陕西、甘肃、新疆、天津、宁波、青岛、武汉等产棉省、自 相似文献
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缺铁:可多食黑木耳、海藻、动物肝脏、黄花菜、血.豆腐、蘑菇、油莱、腐竹、酵母、芝麻、蚬子等.缺铜:多食动物肝脏、猪肉、菠菜、大豆、柿子、芝麻、淡水河螺、虾、蛤蜊、糙米.缺锌:可多食鱼、牡蛎、瘦肉、牛肉、羊肉、动物肝肾、蛋类、可可、奶制品、干酷花生、芝麻、大豆制品、核桃、糙米、粗面粉.缺镁:多食海带、紫菜、芝麻、大豆、糙米、玉米、小麦、菠菜、芥菜、黄花莱、黑枣、香蕉、菠菜.缺碘:多食海带、紫菜、海鱼、海虾.缺钙:可多食虾米、虾皮、蟹、鱼、海藻、海带、菠菜、骨头汤、大豆、核桃、花生. 相似文献
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几种有机酸对紫玉米花青素热稳定性的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究几种有机酸通过辅色作用对紫玉米花青素热稳定性的影响。通过研究热处理过程中紫玉米花青素的残留率、酰基化花青素比例和辅色后花青素热力学性质变化规律,确定单宁酸、琥珀酸、草酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸通过辅色作用有效提高紫玉米花青素的热稳定性,而抗坏血酸降低紫玉米花青素的热稳定性。其中,紫玉米花青素与苹果酸、单宁酸和草酸辅色后,其花青素稳定性显著高于未处理的紫玉米花青素,其主要原因是苹果酸、单宁酸和草酸提高紫玉米花青素中酰基化花青素的含量,提高紫玉米花青素的活化能。因此,苹果酸、单宁酸和草酸通过辅色作用可以有效提高紫玉米花青素的热稳定性。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Utilization of phenolic acids, including gallic acid, coumaric acid, caffic acid, cinnamic acid, and ferulic acid, for methanol reduction in wine was investigated. Enzyme activities of pectinesterase and pectin lyase decreased significantly when 0.1 mg/L of gallic acid, coumaric acid, caffic acid, cinnamic acid, or ferulic acid was added. However, no inhibition on polygalacturonase activity was observed when 0.5 mg/L of phenolic acid was added. Methanol content in commercial pectic enzyme (CPE) group increased from 11.53 ± 1.34 to 56.67 ± 3.75 ppm in the final products. Adding gallic acid or coumaric acid with CPE inhibited the increase of methanol production. In addition, when 0.2 mg/L of phenolic acid (gallic acid or coumaric acid) was added, the amount of total phenolic acid released from CPE + gallic acid or CPE + coumaric acid groups became higher than CPE group by approximately 466 and 539 mg/L, respectively. In conclusion, the values of lightness, red content, yellow content, total pigment, and total phenolic acid increased in the presence of gallic acid or coumaric acid with CPE, suggesting that adding gallic acid or coumaric acid into winemaking process is a potential method for reducing methanol content, improving wine quality, as well as increasing healthy compounds in wine production. 相似文献
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连作烟田土壤根系分泌物的变化和分解 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
为阐明烟田土壤中根系分泌物的变化规律及确定具有化感作用的根系分泌物种类,研究分析了种烟1 年、连作2年和连作3 年0~20 cm、20~40 cm 烟田土壤中根系分泌物的含量变化,并通过室内试验研究了烟草根系分泌物的分解转化.结果表明:(1)烟田土壤中含量较高的根系分泌物种类有苯甲酸、4-羟基苯乙酸、3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙酸和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯,其中4-羟基苯乙酸含量最高,含量较低的种类有4-羟基丁酸和甘油;(2)羟基丁酸、3-甲基-2-羟基丁酸、4-羟基丁酸、肉桂酸、油酸、硬脂酸酰胺和烟碱对烟草无直接化感作用;(3)室内试验表明,肉桂酸、3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙酸、邻苯二甲酸、3-羟基苯甲酸、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、4-羟基苯乙酸和肉豆蔻酸的分解转化率均小于50%;(4)初步判定具有化感作用的根系分泌物种类包括:苯甲酸、3-羟基苯甲酸、4-羟基苯甲酸、月桂酸、邻苯二甲酸、3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙酸、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、9,12-十八碳二烯酸、苯丙酸、东良菪素、肉桂酸、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯和4-羟基苯乙酸. 相似文献
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Natalina Cavaco Bicho António Eduardo Leitão José Cochicho Ramalho Nuno Bartolomeu de Alvarenga 《International Journal of Food Properties》2013,16(4):895-904
The chemical parameters pH, soluble solids, caffeine, trigonelline, total chlorogenic acids, total caffeoylquinic acids, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, total dicaffeoylquinic acids, 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, total feruloylquinic acids, 3-O-feruloylquinic acid, and 5-O-feruloylquinic acid were measured in Arabica (C. arabica) and Robusta (C. canephora) green coffees in order to determine discrimination parameters. In general, Robusta green coffee showed higher values for pH, soluble solids, caffeine, total caffeoylquinic acids, total dicaffeoylquinic acid, and total feruloylquinic acid, but the content of soluble solids was not significantly different in both species of green coffee. Through application of a multivariate analysis, it was concluded that these chemicals form three clusters, being the group of caffeine, trigonelline, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3-O-feruloylquinic acid, 5-O-feruloylquinic acid, 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid highly discriminating for Arabica and Robusta green coffees. 相似文献
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兔肉脂肪酸组成的气相色谱法分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用极性毛细管柱气相色谱法,测定了兔肉脂肪酸组成的相对百分含量和实际含量.测定结果表明,此方法能准确分离出兔肉中的主要8种脂肪酸:豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸和花生酸,有较好的精密度、重复性、可靠性. 相似文献
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Chien‐Hao Chen Ming‐Chang Wu Chih‐Yao Hou Chii‐Ming Jiang Chi‐Ming Huang Yuh Tai Wang 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2009,115(4):328-333
Antioxidant activity, malolactic fermentation and sensory evaluation of the grape must after fermentation in the presence of gallic acid and coumaric acid, as well as the inhibitory mechanism of gallic acid and coumaric acid on pectin methyl esterase (PME), were investigated. The content of malic acid and lactic acid increased 40.4% and 36.9% compared to the control when commercial pectic enzyme (CPE) was used. The increase in malic acid content was enhanced by 64.8% and 83.4%, compared to the control in the presence of CPE + Gallic acid and CPE + Coumaric acid respectively. Ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) increased in the samples with added CPE. In addition to an increase in the FRAP, antioxidant capacity was enhanced in the CPE + Gallic acid and CPE + Coumaric acid samples. No significant differences were found in the content of total anthocyanin and in the value of sensory characteristics. The content of total flavanols increased significantly in the samples with added CPE. Lineweaver‐Burk plots of PME, with gallic acid or coumaric acid, indicated that gallic acid and coumaric acid were mixed inhibitors of PME. 相似文献
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以探究羟基脂肪酸水分散性为目的,研究了羟基位置、阳离子头基种类、阳离子头基与羟基脂肪酸摩尔比和温度对羟基脂肪酸水分散性的影响。结果表明:羟基在羟基脂肪酸碳链中部较羟基在末端更容易使羟基脂肪酸聚集,并且当中部以及末端均存在羟基时会进一步加强羟基脂肪酸之间的相互作用并促使其聚集,形成较单一羟基脂肪酸更小的粒径;筛选13种阳离子头基对同一种羟基脂肪酸(紫胶桐酸)进行复合后水分散,发现具有4种伯胺基的阳离子头基(乙醇胺、L-赖氨酸、3-氨基-1,2-丙二醇、6-氨基-1-己醇)因其离子体积与紫胶桐酸离子体积相似而得到了具有较小粒径的复合体;温度会改变羟基脂肪酸组装状态进而影响羟基脂肪酸分散状态;增加阳离子头基数量不会有效地改变羟基脂肪酸的分散状态。 相似文献
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未除气与除气淡爽型啤酒中9种有机酸的阈值 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用ASTM679标准方法测定了未除气与除气淡爽型啤酒中乙酸、乳酸、柠檬酸、苹果酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、丙酮酸、酒石酸和草酸的个人和小组阈值。结果发现,在未除气啤酒中,9种有机酸的小组阈值大小顺序为苹果酸、富马酸、乳酸、柠檬酸、丙酮酸、琥珀酸、乙酸、草酸、酒石酸。其中品评员对苹果酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、草酸和柠檬酸的口感差异相对较小,而对酒石酸、乙酸、丙酮酸和乳酸的口感差异较大。在除气啤酒中,9种有机酸的小组阈值大小顺序为丙酮酸、乳酸、乙酸、富马酸、琥珀酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、草酸、柠檬酸。品评员对柠檬酸、苹果酸和乳酸的口感差异相对较小,而对丙酮酸、草酸、酒石酸、富马酸、琥珀酸和乙酸的口感差异较大。此外还发现未除气和除气啤酒中有机酸阈值差异很大,其中差异最大的是三元酸柠檬酸,其次为二元酸,包括苹果酸、草酸、酒石酸、琥珀酸和富马酸,差异最小的是一元酸,包括乳酸、乙酸和丙酮酸。 相似文献