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茶多酚—猪油和乳化体系的抗氧化效果 总被引:23,自引:5,他引:18
抗氧化剂茶多酚(TP)难溶于油脂的特性,限制了其在油脂食品中的应用.本文采用乳化方法形成茶多酚-猪油均匀分散体系的新方法,显著地增加了IP与油脂的作用界面,充分发挥其抗氧化作用。对猪油抗氧化试验表明:磷脂是理想的乳化剂;IP对猪油抗氧化的最佳作用量是400ppm。 相似文献
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本文综述了活性包装薄膜的功能特性表征与对食品保鲜作用的研究进展,归纳总结了薄膜抗菌和抗氧化功能的表征方法,并从这两个方面介绍了薄膜对食品的保鲜作用,旨在为今后的研究提供参考。活性包装薄膜抗菌功能的表征方法主要有抑菌圈法、抑菌率法、微生物生长曲线法和包装食品直接测定法等,抗氧化功能的表征方法主要有自由基清除法、铁离子还原/抗氧化能力法和包装食品直接测定法等。薄膜对食品的保鲜作用主要体现在薄膜对所包装食品中微生物生长的抑制,对脂类、蛋白质氧化进程的减缓以及食品货架期的延长。 相似文献
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Food-derived peptidic antioxidants: A review of their production, assessment, and potential applications 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Antioxidant properties of food-derived peptides have been described in an increasing number of studies in recent years. Consequently, these peptides are being considered as potential sources to control various oxidative processes in the human body as well as in food. It is however difficult to compare results from various studies due to the diversity of in vitro assay systems and inconsistency in the conditions used to evaluate antioxidative capacity of peptides and protein hydrolysates. Further, specific assays and biomarkers are yet to be established to confirm their bioactive potential. This review summarizes the literature on food sources and methods of antioxidative peptide production, and the reported efficacies and mechanisms of their action. Furthermore, it presents a critical evaluation of methods used for assessing antioxidative activity of peptides. Examples of promising applications of these peptides in food, nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals are also discussed with an insight to the future research needs. 相似文献
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Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most prevalent type B trichothecene mycotoxins present in cereals such as: wheat, rye, barley, oats and corn. It initiates a wide range of toxic effects on human and animal health. As an edible insect species for the growing human population, Tenebrio molitor is typically fed on cereal bran or flour. In the present study T. molitor L. larvae were grown for two weeks on wheat bran artificially contaminated with DON at four concentrations: 4.9 μg/g, 8 μg/g, 16 μg/g and 25 μg/g. The effects of DON intake on survival, growth, activity of the antioxidant enzymes - superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and the phase II biotransformation enzyme - glutathione-S-transferase (GST), protein content and locomotor activity were monitored in two-month-old T. molitor larvae. The study revealed that DON at concentrations ranging from 4.9 to 25 μg/g wheat bran reduced larval body weight and protein content. Furthermore, it increased SOD and GST activity, had no effect on CAT activity. Also, this study showed that presence of DON in these concentrations has no direct detrimental effects on larval survival, but reduced locomotor activity. The observed effects were particularly pronounced in the larvae given the highest DON concentration 25 μg/g. These finding reveals that DON in artificially contaminated wheat bran at concentrations up to 25 μg/g is able to induce dose-dependent physiological and behavioral changes in T. molitor larvae. 相似文献
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Md. Nazim Uddin Kanika Mitra Md. Zahurul Haque 《International Journal of Food Properties》2016,19(9):2113-2126
The aims of this study were quantitative determination of the bio-active compounds and to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of soy mixed wheat flour and traditional wheat flour. Soy mixed wheat flour was developed by combination of processed soy flour and wheat flour. Total phenolics, flavonoids, tannin, and proanthocyanidin contents of the crude methanolic extract were determined by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. Further individual bio-active compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector and showed (+)-catechin, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, (–)-epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, rutin hydrate, and ellagic acid in soy mixed wheat flour but only rutin in traditional wheat flour. The soy mixed product showed significantly higher concentration of bio-active compounds than traditional wheat flour. Antioxidative activities were measured through different in vitro models: phosphomolybdenum blue method, FeCl3 reducing power, ABTS scavenging activity, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) scavenging activity, N,N-dimethyl-1,4-diaminobenzene free radical scavenging activity, reducing power, metal chelating power and super oxide scavenging ability. All results of in vitro antioxidant models revealed that the soy product showed significantly higher antioxidant activities than traditional wheat flour. These results suggested that soy mixed wheat flour can play the greater roles than the traditional wheat flour for different physiological activities in human body due to the presence of greater amount of bio-active compounds and can be considered as a potential antioxidant containing flour for human consumption than the traditional wheat flour. 相似文献
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T. Jayakumar P.A. Thomas J.R. Sheu P. Geraldine 《Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)》2011,44(4):851-861
Although almost all organisms are equipped with antioxidant defense and repair systems that have evolved to protect them against oxidative damage, these systems are often inadequate to completely prevent oxidative stress-induced damage. Therefore, antioxidant supplements, or natural products containing antioxidants, may be used to help reduce oxidative damage to the human body. Mushrooms have been part of the normal human diet for thousands of years and, in recent times, the amounts consumed have risen greatly, involving a large number of species. The genus Pleurotus comprises 40 different species that are commonly referred to as “oyster mushrooms”. It has been shown to possess cholesterol-lowering, anti-tumor, antiviral, anti-thrombotic and immunomodulating effects. Pleurotus ostreatus contains higher concentrations of cystine, methionine and aspartic acid than other edible mushrooms, such as Agaricus bisporus (brown), A. bisporus (white) and Lentinus edodes. Until now, research has tended to focus on the dietary value of edible mushrooms; however, there is relatively little information pertaining to the antioxidant activity and the possible use of such mushrooms to neutralize oxidative stress. Hence, the aim of the present review was to summarize the in-vitro and in-vivo antioxidant effects of the mushroom P. ostreatus. 相似文献
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The burden of chronic diseases is rapidly increasing worldwide. Diet and nutrition are important factors in the promotion and maintenance of good health throughout the entire life course. Physiological and biochemical alterations in the human body may result in overproduction of free radicals leading to oxidative damage to biomolecules (e.g. lipids, proteins, DNA). Use of medicinal plant based products has increased recently because of their exerted beneficial properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activities. The present study was designed to assess the in vitro antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging capacity of ten medicinal plants which are extensively used in the Ayurvedic treatment systems in Sri Lanka. Water extracts were prepared and evaluated for their free-radical scavenging capacity and antioxidant activity using a number of chemical assays; DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. The total Phenolic (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) were also assessed. The TPC and TFC values of the extracts varied from 295.94±3.65 – 5.22±0.08 (mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight) and 115.01±1.69 – 0.97±0.002 (mg Catechin Equivalent (CE)/g dry weight) respectively. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities were higher for the Nelli (Phyllanthus emblica) extract while the least activity was observed in Venivel (Cosciniumfenestratum) extract. The FRAP activity of the extracts was well proved with the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. A positive, significant linear relationship between antioxidant activity and TPC and TFC content showed that phenolic compounds and flavonoids were the dominant antioxidant components in the medicinal herbs studied. 相似文献
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Kotyczka C Boettler U Lang R Stiebitz H Bytof G Lantz I Hofmann T Marko D Somoza V 《Molecular nutrition & food research》2011,55(10):1582-1586
Recent results from prospective cohort studies have shown that moderate coffee consumption is associated with a reduced risk for diabetes mellitus type II or Alzheimer's disease. Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases, antioxidants in coffee might contribute to this risk reduction. We aimed at elucidating whether a dark roast coffee beverage (CB) rich in N‐methylpyridinium ions (NMP: 785 μmol/L) and low in chlorogenic acids (CGA: 523 μmol/L) has stronger antioxidant effects on human erythrocytes than a CB prepared from a light roast with opposite proportions (CGA: 4538 μmol/L; NMP: 56 μmol/L). Following a 2‐wk wash out period, 500 mL of the respective CB was administered to 30 subjects daily for 4‐wk. Blood and spot urine samples were collected at the beginning and at the end of each intervention. Intake of the dark roast CB most effectively improved the antioxidant status of erythrocytes: superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity decreased by 5.8 and 15%, respectively, whereas tocopherol and total glutathione concentrations increased by 41 and 14%, respectively. Furthermore, administration of the NMP‐rich CB led to a significant body weight reduction in pre‐obese subjects, whereas the CGA‐rich CB did not. 相似文献
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Phenolic compounds are natural antioxidants present in plant foods, which are important to human health. This study aimed to measure the total antioxidant potential with the FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method and the total polyphenol content of 44 common consumed foods; represented by vegetables, pulses, fruits, cereals and breads. The antioxidant potential ranged: in vegetables 0.033–3.209, in pulses 0.342–0.387, in fruits 0.312–2.833, and in cereals and breads 0.062–1.709 mmol/100 g in fresh mass, respectively. The antioxidant potential of the foods tested was related to the total polyphenol contents. 相似文献
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Yunbao Liu Vanisree Mulabagal Camille S. Bowen‐Forbes Rejanish Aviayan Muraleedharan G. Nair 《Molecular nutrition & food research》2009,53(9):1177-1186
A powdered mixture of dried herbs, “Panamrutham”, is sold in India for the preparation of “herbal drinking water”. The hot water extract of this herbal mixture gave lipid peroxidation (LPO), cyclo‐oxygenase (COX‐1 and ‐2) enzyme and human tumor cell proliferation inhibitory activities between 25 and 250 μg/mL. The bioassay‐guided purification of the water extract afforded a novel compound (1), along with phenolics (2, 4, 6, and 7) and sesquiterpenoids (3 and 5). The isolates were evaluated for LPO, COX‐1 and ‐2 enzyme and human tumor cell proliferation inhibitory activities. At 25 μg/mL, compounds 1–7 inhibited LPO by 22–73% and COX‐1 and ‐2 enzymes by 3–14% and 14–74%, respectively. Compounds 5 and 6 at 25 μg/mL showed growth inhibition of colon, gastric, lung, breast and central nervous system human tumor cell lines by 60 and 67, 43 and 60, 24 and 64, 34 and 65, 6 and 27%, respectively. Compounds 2, 4 and 7 displayed weak or moderate growth inhibition of colon, gastric and breast human tumor cell lines. This is the first report on the LPO inhibitory activities of compounds 1 and 3–7 and the COX and tumor cell proliferation inhibitory activities of compounds 1, 3–5 and 7. 相似文献