皮肤最爱7类食物

正人人都想拥有健康靓丽的肌肤,但健康肌肤离不开科学饮食。营养专家总结出皮肤最爱的7类食物。1.深海鱼等富含必需脂肪酸的食物。Ω-3和Ω-6脂肪酸是健康皮肤必不可少的营养,它们的最佳食物来源有沙丁鱼、金枪鱼、三文鱼、虾、核桃等坚果、芝麻和亚麻籽等种子、鸡蛋和大豆等。2.深色果蔬等富含抗氧化剂的食物。抗氧化剂可抗击人体内自由基,保护皮肤,令皮肤更加丰满有弹性。新鲜水果及多彩蔬菜富含抗氧化剂,比如草莓、蓝莓和黑加仑等浆果、紫葡萄、西兰花、胡萝卜、菠菜、红薯和西红柿等。3.动物肝脏等富含维生素A的食物。维生素A能帮助皮肤形成新细胞,     

紫茉莉花和叶中有效成分分析

采用水提取法、醇提取法和石油醚提取法对紫茉莉花和叶中的化学成分进行了比较全面的定性实验。紫茉莉花的水提取物中含有氨基酸、糖类、甙类、有机酸、酚类、挥发油等物质,醇提取物中含有酚类、强心苷、内酯及香豆素、黄酮等物质,石油醚提取物中主要含有皂甙等物质。紫茉莉叶子水提物中含有氨基酸、有机酸、酚类等物质,醇提取物中含有黄酮、内酯及香豆素、酚类、强心苷、蒽醌等物质,石油醚提取物中含有甾类、萜类等。     

坚果品质检测方法研究进展

坚果含有优质蛋白质、脂肪等丰富的营养物质,深受消费者喜爱。由于富含不饱和脂肪酸及油脂,坚果的品质易受贮藏条件、加工方式及包装方式等外部因素的影响而发生变化,不当的处理会加速其氧化哈败,甚至产生对人体有害的毒素。另一方面,坚果品质受产地、品种、土壤环境及遗传因素等方面的影响表现出不同的外观性状及理化特征。随着科学技术的发展,坚果品质的检测趋向于无损、快速,电子鼻在这方面有着突出的优势,因此电子鼻对坚果品质的无损检测成为研究的新热点。本文从口感、色泽、风味、外观性状等感官检测,营养品质（蛋白质、脂肪等）、油脂品质（酸价、过氧化值等）等理化检测,光谱分析技术（近红外光谱、高光谱等）、电子鼻技术等快速检测方法综述了坚果品质检测方法的研究现状,为坚果品质的监控和检测提供技术参考。     

日本的卫生巾相关法律法规管制

1关于《医药品医疗器械等的法律》（旧《药事法》）《医药品医疗器械等的法律》是为了努力实现医药品等在保健卫生方面的提高而规定的法律，去年由《药事法》更名而来。目的是为了保证医药品等的质量、有效性、安全性和促进医药品等的研究开发。该法律的管制对象是医药品、准医药品、化妆品、医疗器械和再生医疗等产品。卫生巾属于准医药品、婴儿湿巾属于化妆品、卫生棉条属于医疗器械。在日本，婴儿和成人纸尿裤属于日用品．不属于《医药品医疗器械等的法律》的管制对象。     

常见病药膳食疗（二十二）

盗汗 中医认为醒时无汗而熟睡后出汗称之为盗汗。盗汗原因多有＂肺气不足＂或＂阴虚火旺＂等因素。在一般调治后未显效,需及时检查就医排除潜在疾病如结核病等。 食疗原则肺气不足应以＂补肺健脾＂法,可用中药材有党参、人参、山药等,可用食品有：百合、莲子、海参、黑鱼、黑豆等。阴虚火旺可用中药材有牡蛎、石决明、五味子、太子参、菊花等,可用食品有：糯米、桑椹、鳖肉、鸭子、鲫鱼等。     

叶蛋白提取分离及应用研究进展

叶蛋白因具有资源丰富、营养价值高、不含动物性胆固醇等特点而备受关注,是一种具有良好开发价值的新型蛋白资源。细胞破碎的方法主要有研磨、组织捣碎等方法;提取的方法主要有酸（碱）加热提法、发酵法、有机溶剂沉淀等方法;分离纯化的方法主要有电泳、色谱等方法。叶蛋白在医药、食品、饲料等方面都有广泛的应用。     

松子仁：补肾益气，润肠通便

松子仁含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、磷、钙等营养物质，具有强身健体、提高肌体免疫力等作用。中医认为，松子仁味甘性平，具有温肺化痰、补肾益气、润肠通便等功效。     

余甘果的生物活性物质及其功效研究进展

余甘果有清热凉血、健胃消食、生津止咳等作用。余甘果含有多种氨基酸、矿物质元素、蛋白质、维生素和有机酸等,这些物质赋予余甘果独特的口感和营养。余甘果中同时含有丰富的黄酮类物质、鞣质等多酚物质和多糖等活性成分,与余甘果的健康功能息息相关。该文综述余甘果抗氧化、降血糖、护肝、抗炎等生理活性及其作用机理、研究现状,以期为余甘果的综合应用及其产品开发提供参考依据。     

吃姜的五大禁忌

民间流传着“生姜治百病”之说。因为姜中含有姜醇、姜烯,水芹烯、柠檬醛等油性的挥发油．还有姜辣素、树脂、淀粉和纤维等。所以．姜在炎热时节有兴奋提神、排汗降温等作用,可缓解疲劳乏力、厌食失眠、腹胀腹痛等症。     

福建省发布今年产业发展投资重点

近日,福建省经贸委发布了《福建省2009年产业发展投资重点》。 据了解,今年福建省产业发展投资重点为石化、化工、钢铁、有色、建材、煤炭、林产等原材料工业;汽车、船舶、机械等机械装备业;轻纺、医药等消费品工业;电子信息、生物医药、新材料、新能源等高技术产业;第三方物流、公共服务平台和专业化配套项目等生产性服务业;节能减排、资源综合利用等行业。     

有效运用批尾纱进行样品制作及创新设计

运用生产过程中长短腿留下来的批尾纱进行样品制作及产品的创新设计,对日积月累形成的大量库存纱优先进行考虑,对它们加以有效的选用,使它们变成对生产有用的东西,避免造成浪费.文章具体介绍了几种批尾纱的使用实例,并设计了包袱样,同时提出了在选用批尾纱时应注意的问题.     

缩小分散/士林大小样染色色差的实践

在分散/士林轧染中,符样率是制约生产的难点。通过对如何缩小大小样的差距、大小样轧染工艺条件的差异及其控制进行讨论和分析,对轧液及轧液率,烘干、焙烘/汽蒸条件和烧碱/保险粉用量,以及后处理水洗、皂洗、拉幅,以及染料的优选提出改进措施,以便统一大小样工艺条件,缩小大小样色光差异。     

Short communication: Comparing real-time PCR and bacteriological cultures for Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus in bulk-tank milk samples

For more than 30 yr, a control plan for Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus has been carried out in more than 1,500 dairy herds of the province of Brescia (northern Italy). From 2010 to 2011, the apparent prevalence of Strep. agalactiae has been relatively stable around 10%, but the apparent prevalence of Staph. aureus has been greater than 40% with an increasing trend. The aim of this paper was to estimate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of 3 assays for the detection of Strep. agalactiae and Staph. aureus in bulk-tank milk samples (BTMS) in field conditions. The assays were a qualitative and a quantitative bacteriological culture (BC) for each pathogen and a homemade multiplex real-time PCR (rt-PCR). Because a gold standard was not available, the sensitivities (Se) and specificities (Sp) were evaluated using a Bayesian latent class approach. In 2012 we collected one BTMS from 165 dairy herds that were found positive for Strep. agalactiae in the previous 2-yr campaigns of eradication plan. In most cases, BTMS collected in these herds were positive for Staph. aureus as well, confirming the wide spread of this pathogen. At the same time we also collected composite milk samples from all the 8,624 lactating cows to evaluate the within-herd prevalence of Strep. agalactiae. Streptococcus agalactiae samples were cultured using a selective medium Tallium Kristalviolette Tossin, whereas for Staph. aureus, we used Baird Parker modified medium with added Rabbit Plasma Fibrinogen ISO-Formulation. In parallel, BTMS were tested using the rt-PCR. Regarding Strep. agalactiae, the posterior median of Se and Sp of the 2 BC was similar [qualitative BC: Se = 98%, posterior credible interval (95%PCI): 94–100%, and Sp = 99%, 95%PCI: 96–100%; quantitative BC: Se = 99%, 95%PCI: 96–100%, and Sp = 99%, 95%PCI: 95–100%] and higher than those of the rt-PCR (at 40 cycle threshold, Se = 92%, 95%PCI: 85–97%; Sp = 94%, 95%PCI: 88–98%). Also in case of Staph. aureus, the posterior medians of BC were generally higher than those of rt-PCR. In fact, although the Se of BC was slightly lower (rt-PCR at 40 cycle threshold, median Se = 99%, 95%PCI: 97–100%, and qualitative BC, median Se = 94%, 95%PCI: 87–99%), the Sp was much higher (rt-PCR at 40 cycle threshold, median Sp = 67%, 95%PCI: 38–97%; qualitative BC, median Sp = 95%; 95%PCI: 76–100%). Our study confirms that BC and rt-PCR are reliable diagnostic tools to detect Strep. agalactiae and Staph. aureus, and rt-PCR results should be confirmed by BC carried out on BTMS and possibly on composite milk samples.     

样本调换及其应用

本文给出了样本调换的概念和理论,并讨论了样本调换在改善样本代表性方面的应用。     

Anthocyanin composition of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) and cabbage (B. oleracea L. var. capitata) and its stability in relation to thermal treatments

Violet cauliflower and red cabbage were analysed for their anthocyanin profiles before and after thermal treatments. Anthocyanins are well-noted as healthy compounds due to their antioxidant properties. Samples were analysed for total anthocyanin content by using a spectrophotometric differential pH method. An MS-based method, combining high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) was developed, aimed to separate, identify and quantify the main anthocyanin forms. The procedure involves a rapid and efficient pre-treatment of the samples by solid-phase extraction, followed by selective determination of all compounds in a single run analysis using HPLC–MS/MS. Structural information for the identification of compounds was obtained from their fragmentation patterns (MS/MS spectra). The compounds were separated by HPLC and detected in the multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM), which provides a high level of selectivity for targeting the analytes in vegetables. Cauliflower and red cabbage showed differences in their anthocyanin profiles: cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside was absent in cauliflower, while it was well represented in red cabbage, together with the characteristic anthocyanin of Brassica genus, cyanidin-3-sophoroside-5-glucoside. The p-coumaryl and feruloyl esterified forms of cyanidin-3-sophoroside-5-glucoside were predominant in cauliflower, while the sinapyl one was mostly present in red cabbage. Besides, the stability of cauliflower’s anthocyanin profile was evaluated in relation to thermal pre-treatments. All thermal treatments, except microwave heating, drastically reduced total cauliflower anthocyanin content. The amount of individual anthocyanins was expressed as the percentage with respect to total anthocyanin amount, spectrophotometrically measured. Significant individual changes were observed after different thermal treatment with an isomer formation.     

食品检验中样品管理的注意事项

食品检验是了解食品质量安全状况、収现风险隐患的直接有效的措施,也是我国食品安全监管工作的重要环节。作为食品检验的重要组成部分,样品管理直接兲乎到检测数据的公正性、科学性、准确性,对提高检测机构的权威性也具有重要意义。相兲人员大多对抽样的觃范性和科学性、检验技术的兇迚性和准确性非常兲注,对样品管理的重视程度相对不足。然而,由于各种因素的影响,食品检验中样品管理还存在诸多需要注意的问题,可能影响食品检验的准确性和有效性。本文对对样品接收、样品保存、样品制备等环节实施严栺管理迚行总结分析,以期降低检验风险。     

样衣、样板的生产与管控

样衣制作是开发工作的重要环节,样衣质量好坏直接影响成衣订单量,也是设计制版工作的总结。因此,通过规范化样衣流程,来进行样衣样板的制作以及样品品质的管控,预估风险并提出合理化建议,是十分必要的,最终为大货的顺利生产铺平道路。     

Application of gold nanoparticles/TiO2 modified electrode for the electrooxidative determination of catechol in tea samples

A gold nanoparticles/TiO(2) composite modified Indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode has been constructed to study the electrochemical behaviour of catechol (CC) and hydroquinone (HQ) using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Increasing of separation of the oxidative peak potentials and peak current for CC and HQ in pH 6.0 phosphate buffer solution (PBS), make it suitable for selected determination of CC. After the optimization of the conditions, CC was determined by DPV and the linear range is from 1.0×10(-7) to 5.0×10(-4) mol L(-1) with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 and limit of detection as 5.0×10(-8) mol L(-1). Interference and stability study showed a satisfactory result. The proposed method has been applied to determine catechol in tea samples, and comparing with the chromatography the results are satisfactory.     

鸡蛋中磺胺类残留物提取方法

为获得鸡蛋中磺胺类药物残留检测的提取方法,分别在鸡蛋中添加高、中、低浓度的磺胺类药物,根据GB/T 20759-2006《畜禽肉中十六种磺胺类药物残留量的测定：液相色谱-串联质谱法》的方法以及自行设计方法对样品进行前处理,用液相色谱-串联质谱检测。结果表明：添加量在10～200ng/g范围内,鸡蛋中回收率为20.8%～69.29%,回收率未能达到标准;GB/T 20759-2006在提取、浓缩、除脂、标准曲线绘制方面对于禽蛋类食品不适用,需根据禽蛋类的特殊性制定专门的检测标准,而自行设计方法所得回收率为77.92%～95.26%,可以满足检测的要求。     

Invited review: Use of meta-analysis in animal health and reproduction: Methods and applications

The objectives of this paper are to provide an introduction to meta-analysis and systematic review and to discuss the rationale for this type of research and other general considerations. We highlight methods used to produce a rigorous meta-analysis and discuss some aspects of interpretation of meta-analysis drawing on examples from the animal and veterinary science literature. Meta-analysis is a rapidly expanding area of research that has been relatively underutilized in animal and veterinary science. It is a quantitative, formal, epidemiological study design used to systematically assess previous research studies to derive conclusions about that body of research. Outcomes from a meta-analysis may include a more precise estimate of the effect of treatment or risk factor for disease, or other outcomes, than any individual study contributing to the pooled analysis. The examination of variability or heterogeneity in study results is also a critical outcome. The benefits of meta-analysis include a consolidated and quantitative review of a large, and often complex, sometimes apparently conflicting, body of literature. Meta-analytic methods place less emphasis on dichotomous outcomes from null hypothesis significance testing and greater emphasis on determining the magnitude and the precision of an effect of interest. A substantial benefit of meta-analysis is the potential to investigate new hypotheses using existing data, both through the development of a priori hypotheses and by examination of the heterogeneity in study responses. The specification of the outcome and hypotheses that are tested is critical to the conduct of meta-analyses, as is a sensitive literature search. A failure to identify the majority of existing studies can lead to erroneous conclusions; however, there are methods of examining data to identify the potential for studies to be missing; for example, by the use of funnel plots. Many of the statistical methods to conduct meta-analysis are widely used. Bayesian methods are well suited to meta-analysis. The post-hoc methods used to evaluate heterogeneity and publication bias, which include the I² statistic, L’Abbé plots, Galbraith plots, Rosenthal's N, and influential study analysis are exclusively used in meta-analysis. Examples where meta-analyses have been repeated in animal science or veterinary medicine show good consistency in estimates of effect. Findings of studies to date have provided new understandings of rumen modifiers, milk fever, parasite control, mastitis, somatotropin, and reproductive manipulations. Rigorously conducted meta-analyses are useful tools to improve animal well-being and productivity. The need to integrate findings from many studies ensures that meta-analytic research is desirable and the large body of research now generated makes the conduct of this research feasible.