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1.
造纸污泥交替式好氧厌氧堆肥实验   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
调节造纸污泥的水分和C/N比,经过为期50d的交替好氧厌氧堆肥处理,污泥有机质发生降解,TN、TP和TK含量都呈上升趋势,挥发性固体和有机碳分别达到60%和30%的稳定状态,堆肥的种子发芽率达到95%以上,大肠杆菌数低于国家卫生标准,实现造纸污泥无害化、稳定化和减量化的要求.腐熟的污泥堆肥成为高价值的农用产品.  相似文献   

2.
以实验室造纸污泥堆肥腐熟肥为菌源、造纸污泥为底物进行厌氧发酵产氢实验。结果表明,造纸污泥经超声波预处理40min,添加10mL质量分数0.05%的三氯甲烷后,在36.5℃,pH值5.5~6.0条件下与实验室造纸污泥堆肥腐熟肥按质量比2∶1进行混合厌氧发酵,累积产氢量83.5mL/g(挥发性固形物),H2浓度51.0%~67.7%,有机物利用率32.4%~43.8%。  相似文献   

3.
以实验室造纸污泥堆肥腐熟肥为菌源、造纸污泥为底物进行厌氧发酵产氢实验.结果表明,造纸污泥经超声波预处理40 min,添加10 mL质量分数0.05%的三氯甲烷后,在36.5℃,pH值5.5 ~6.0条件下与实验室造纸污泥堆肥腐熟肥按质量比2∶1进行混合厌氧发酵,累积产氢量83.5 mL/g(挥发性固形物),H2浓度51.0% ~67.7%,有机物利用率32.4% ~43.8%.  相似文献   

4.
以广西百色某污水处理厂脱水污泥为原料,米糠为调理剂,研究剩余污泥与米糠混合后不同C/N比的间歇式通风好氧堆肥,探究这两种不同的C/N比对好氧堆肥的影响,进一步确定可行性比例,对温度、含水率、有机质、pH、全氮(TN)、铵态氮(NH4+-N)、硝态氮(NO3--N)、种子发芽指数(GI)等各项参数进行研究。结果表明,利用米糠作为堆肥调理剂,初始含水率为60%左右可以很好的达到堆肥的卫生学标准,堆肥原料C/N比为28,堆肥升温较快,全氮损失较少,腐熟效果好。堆肥过程中全氮的损失集中在高温期,应用时注意在高温期采取保氮措施。堆肥C/N比越低氮损失越多,低C/N比不利于保氮。C/N影响着堆肥过程中各指标的大小,C/N为28比C/N为21的堆肥效果好,进而能为污泥堆肥的工厂化生产提供参考。  相似文献   

5.
对堆肥来说,堆肥腐熟度是一个非常重要的指标。而对堆肥腐熟度指标的选取是腐熟度评价的重要环节。本文针对两种不同C/N的堆肥实验方案,选取物理指标(表观指数)、化学指标(C/N降解速率、(C/N)终点/(C/N)起点)、NH4+-N/NO3--N的比值)、生物指标(GI)等三类指标,通过灰色聚类方法对本次堆肥实验的质量进行客观的综合评价。结果表明:经60天的堆肥产品,其两个方案的评价结果均为I级腐熟,与实际基本相符。  相似文献   

6.
制革污泥机械堆肥技术及腐熟度的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
李桂菊  何迎春 《西部皮革》2002,24(10):42-45
本试验利用自然通风和机械强制通风对制革污泥进行堆肥试验,试验结果表明:采用强制通风堆肥技术可使污泥堆在30天内基本达到腐熟,温度,通气完全满足要求,堆肥结束后,其中有机质,N等养分含量均能达到堆肥的成品要求。  相似文献   

7.
本文阐述了造纸污泥封闭式好氧发酵堆肥的主要工艺流程,造纸污泥堆肥化综合调控技术及其参数,以及造纸污泥堆肥腐熟度的评价方法和指标。采用封闭式堆肥进行尾气控制除臭,消除了对环境的二次污染;废水回收处理、余热循环利用,降低了能耗;自动化翻堆,节约人力,缩短了堆肥时间,提高效率的同时达产品标准化。  相似文献   

8.
污泥堆肥的腐熟度是评价堆肥稳定性及安全性的重要指标。利用自制的污泥堆肥装置进行实验,对堆肥的腐熟度指标进行研究。污泥与秸秆按照体积比为3:2进行混合,在常温下好氧堆肥30天。观测了堆肥过程中温度、pH值、有机质等参数的变化情况,以及对产生这种变化的原因进行了分析。实验研究发现,光学指标、挥发性物、种子发芽指数三项指标具有良好的评价效果。  相似文献   

9.
选取造纸污泥堆肥作为菜园土肥源进行盆栽实验,通过种植油菜和芦荟,着重研究了施加造纸污泥堆肥后作物和土壤中的重金属含量分布。盆栽实验显示施加堆肥可以增加作物的生物量,提高土壤肥力:重金属测定结果表明,添加造纸污泥堆肥的土壤,其重金属含量符合标准规定,且作物中的重金属含量远远低于我国蔬菜质量标准规定值。在一定时期内农田施用造纸污泥堆肥不会造成重金属污染。  相似文献   

10.
制革污泥机械强制通风堆肥工艺的研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
利用自然通风和机械强制通风堆肥工艺对制革污泥进行了堆肥试验研究,结果表明采用强制通风堆肥技术可使污泥堆在30天内基本达到腐熟,温度、通气完全满足要求,堆肥结束后其中有机质、N、P等养分含量均能达到堆肥的成品要求。  相似文献   

11.
Co‐composting of barley waste with liquid poultry manure was assessed by monitoring several chemical and biological parameters related to compost stability/maturity throughout a 103 day period. A compost of solid poultry manure was used as the control, because a compost could not be obtained from the liquid manure. The materials composted reached thermophilic stage temperatures within 4 days, lasting for more than 10 days; thereafter the temperature decreased rapidly to around ambient levels. The initial pH value was around 9 for both mixtures and, despite an initial decrease, high values were maintained over the entire co‐composting process. Electrical conductivity increased with composting time, while the opposite behaviour was observed for total carbon content. Organic matter loss in the co‐composting of barley waste with liquid poultry manure was 35%. In general, the final products showed physicochemical characteristics considered normal for such materials, but pH and ammonia content values were high. The results of a bioassay test performed with seeds of three plant species (ryegrass, wheat and barley) indicated that the co‐compost could be considered mature from a biological point of view, since phytotoxicity was absent for ryegrass and barley. Comparison of these data with those obtained for solid poultry manure indicated that barley waste notably improved the composting efficiency as well as the quality of the final product. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

12.
造纸污泥堆肥应用中重金属的累积行为   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
造纸污泥经过交替好氧厌氧堆肥处理后施加到菜园土中,进行了盆栽实验.实验结果表明,造纸污泥堆肥作为农业肥料,可以增加作物的生物量,提高土壤的养分含量,有效改良土壤的物理性状:土壤中的重金属在作物中的累积行为呈现不同的规律,但最后均趋于一个极值;重金属生物累积的峰值均低于国家蔬菜重金属含量标准.  相似文献   

13.
Dairy waste solids separated from a slurry by a centrifugal separator were composted in 12 static piles. Seven of the compost piles were naturally aerated, and five were aerated by a fan that forced air through the piles of solids. The natural aeration process aged the manure solids in an unconfined pile. The fan in the forced aeration process forced air into a perforated plenum beneath the compost piles. Dairy waste solids in each compost pile were heated into the thermophilic temperature range and generally composted well. At most sampling points, coliform bacteria declined to low or undetectable numbers early in the composting period. However, as the composting process proceeded, bacterial numbers increased to approximately those present in raw dairy waste solids. Findings of this study suggest that composting offers little benefit toward net reduction in coliform bacterial numbers in dairy waste solids.  相似文献   

14.
This paper presents composting of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste containing 50,000 mg/kg of cellucotton and 7980 mg/kg of zinc carried out under laboratory conditions. In the initial material as well as the compost obtained, zinc, cadmium, copper, nickel, and lead were analyzed, and their forms were determined by means of sequential extraction. It was found that 65% of zinc occurs in the organically bound form. Removal of zinc from the waste through leaching and subsequent electrochemical separation from the leaching solution was also examined. A double extraction of the waste with sodium diphosphate(V) enables a reduction of zinc content to 1240 mg/kg. As a result of electrolysis of the leaching solution, 90.2% of Zn is separated on the cathode. This paper suggests a method for processing municipal solid waste with high zinc content based on extraction of the waste with sodium diphosphate(V) and composting. The leaching solution is recovered electrochemically.  相似文献   

15.
Commercial food waste represents a relatively available high-quality feedstock for landfill diversion to biological treatment. A life-cycle assessment was performed for commercial food waste processed through aerobic composting systems of varying complexity, anaerobic digestion, and landfills with and without gas collection and energy recovery, as well as a bioreactor landfill. The functional unit was 1000 kg of food waste plus 550 kg of branches that are used as a bulking agent. For each alternative, global warming potential, NO(x) and SO(2) emissions, and total net energy use were determined. Anaerobic digestion was the most environmentally beneficial treatment option, leading to -395 kg net CO(2)e per functional unit. This result was driven by avoided electricity generation and soil carbon storage from use of the resulting soil amendment. The composting alternatives led to between -148 and -64 kg net CO(2)e, whereas the landfill alternatives led to the emission of -240 to 1100 kg CO(2)e. A traditional landfill with energy recovery was predicted to have lower emissions than any of the composting alternatives when a fertilizer offset was used. There is variation in the results based on uncertainty in the inputs, and the relative rankings of the alternatives are dependent on the soil amendment offset that is used. The use of compost to offset peat has greater emission offsets than the value of compost as a fertilizer.  相似文献   

16.
The influence of the composting process on the agronomic value of urban waste (UW) from Murcia (south-eastern Spain) was studied. UW compost had a higher percentage of P, K and nitrate N than fresh UW, as well as a higher cation exchange capacity and a more stable organic matter. By contrast, total N content and values of extractable P/ total P × 100 ratio were lower. The addition of fresh UW to a calciorthid soil had an initially depressive effect on rxegrass (Lolium perenne) yield, which disappeared with time as this waste matured in the soil. No depressive effect was observed when composted UW was applied. When soil was amended with high doses of UW compost, yields were always significantly greater than the control. The uncomposted waste induced a large concentration of macroelements (except N) in the plants of the first harvest. Plants grown in amended soil had a higher concentration of Fe, Mn and Zn than the control.  相似文献   

17.
Studies were conducted to determine the fate of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in dairy manure-based compost in a field setting. Two trials were performed involving duplicate compost heaps constructed at an outdoor fenced site. The compost heaps were composed of dairy manure, old hay, feed waste, a mixture of sawdust and calf feces, and fresh hay. Samples of the composting mixture were inoculated with stx-negative E. coli O157:H7 B6914 at initial concentrations of 10(7) and 10(5) CFU/g for trial 1 and trial 2, respectively. Individual sample bags were placed on the surface and at three locations (top, center, and bottom) within each heap. Although the compost heaps achieved temperatures of 50 degrees C or above at all internal locations for at least 7 days, temperature stratification was observed. In trial 1, E. coli O157:H7 was detected by enrichment through 14 days within the heaps. When inoculated with 10(5) CFU/g in trial 2, E. coli O157:H7 was detected only through days 2, 2, and 5 at the top, center, and bottom locations, respectively. For both trials, the pathogen survived at the heap's surface for up to 4 months. The indicator commensal E. coli and coliforms were inactivated at a rate similar to that for E. coli O157:H7. Results indicate that composting, with periodic heap turning, can be a practical approach to inactivating E. coli O157:H7 in cattle wastes on the farm. Our data also suggest when compost heaps are not turned, E. coli O157:H7 may survive for months at the heap surface.  相似文献   

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