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NC—98无甲醛免烫整理剂的研究及应用 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
对棉布免烫原理及国内外免烫助剂作了研究,根据当前纺织环保的要求,以马来酸杆为原料,采用聚合反应制得聚多元羧酸,研制了NC-98无甲醛免烫整理剂,它是一种新型的羧酸型免烫整理剂。通过大量的棉布免烫性能的测试,证实该产品低成本、无甲醛,有免烫效果。 相似文献
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低温湿蒸免烫后整理的生产实践 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
现代社会人们崇尚穿着舍适、易洗免烫。纯棉织物的免烫整理或形态稳定整理在21世纪初又一次成为化学整理领域中的热点,免烫整理产品在全世界流行起来,免烫整理助剂和工艺也不断推陈出新,在树脂和助剂方面推出了无甲醛和低甲醛的树脂,有提高强力和免烫性能的助剂,在树脂整理工艺方面又分面料和成衣免烫,VP 相似文献
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为探究多元羧酸免烫棉织物在日常洗涤过程中免烫性能的保持情况,实验模拟了日常家庭洗涤的环境,对免烫棉织物在不同的洗涤助剂类型、不同洗涤温度、不同洗涤次数下进行洗涤处理。通过测试对比原免烫织物和不同方式洗涤后免烫棉织物的折皱回复角、断裂强力和化学结构表面形貌等,对免烫棉织物的免烫性能在洗涤过程中的保持能力进行分析。结果表明:经重复洗涤,免烫棉织物的断裂强力和折皱回复角都呈现出不同程度的降低;纤维的表面形貌及微观结构都产生了一定的变化;经80 ℃混合溶液重复洗涤处理50次后的断裂强力下降约26%,折皱回复角降低约50%;对免烫棉织物而言,在家庭洗涤过程中,高温复合重复洗涤对其免烫性能的破坏作用较大。 相似文献
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通过回顾高校宝石及材料工艺学专业的创建历程,深入探讨了该专业未来发展所面临的、深层次的理论问题,即学科属性与文化背景,学科构成与知识内涵,学科方向与实践定位,学科任务与社会功能。在此基础上,建立了多层次技术教育的社会功能模型,由此推断:高校中的宝石及材料工艺学专业属于多层次技术教育中的高等职业技术教育。同时,还构建了该专业的技术教育的社会功能模型和学科构成模型,进一步确立了该专业的社会实践定位。 相似文献
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The effects on the conditions of flow of the surface and configurational properties of the fibres in a compressible porous layer are discussed. The characteristics of a layer of wool are evaluated, and its compressibility is determined. It is shown that, when a liquid of initial uniform pressure flows through a compressible porous medium, the pressure gradient within the medium increases with the distance of flow. The resulting pressure drop is found to depend on a function of the ratio of the downstream to the upstream porosity of the compressible medium. Experimental results are reported for permeable flow through various layers of loose wool; these indicate that, when the flow is disturbed turbulent, the pressure drop through the layers is proportional to the square of the filter velocity. This result is not readily apparent from the graphs of pressure drop against filter velocity because of the compressibility of the fibres. 相似文献
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Gasser P Peno-Mazzarino L Lati E Djian B 《International journal of cosmetic science》2004,26(3):117-127
In a normal and healthy skin, the regular elimination of the superficial corneocytes, called desquamation, is a fundamental physiologic process intended to protect the barrier function of the skin. This invisible loss of corneocytes, individually or in small groups, is incessantly compensated by the divisions of the proliferative layer and the upward cellular maturation in order to maintain the harmonious renewal of the epidermis and the integrity of the stratum corneum. The harmony of this desquamation process is intimately conditioned by a sufficient hydration of the stratum corneum: (i) an abnormal desquamation leads to a disruption of the water barrier function and consequently to a dehydration tendency of the stratum corneum, and (ii) a cutaneous dryness (whatever the cause) is able to disturb the desquamation process. Protecting the water content of the stratum corneum has always been a major preoccupation of the cosmetic industry scientists. Consequently, the moisturizing properties of a cosmetic product are objectively measured by various explorations directly targeted on the hydration (corneometry) and on the level of the water barrier function (transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements), which depends directly on the skin hydration state. This intimate linkage of the desquamation process and the water content of the stratum corneum enable us to suggest an indirect assessment of the hydration from a direct study of the desquamation by examining a skin-stripping sample (D-Squames) by an optical microscope (linked to a computer). We will describe this already known technique and mainly its new and unpublished semiologic exploitation, named Diagnoskin, whose advantages are its simplicity and its reproducibility particularly interesting in the case of sequential appraisal of dermatologic or cosmetic treatments. 相似文献
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为提高空纱管安装效率,分析集体落纱细纱机特点,介绍了锭子杆盘结构型式,说明目前国内铝杆锭子多采用支持器弹簧加支持器帽的结构,虽能基本满足集体自动落纱细纱机的生产需要,但仍存在机械手安装空纱管时动作较多、动作精度不高、且易撞到锭子问题,易对锭子造成损坏并缩短锭子使用寿命的缺陷,重点对新设计的快速安装纱管的铝杆锭子的结构及原理进行分析,指出将弹簧支持器帽换成钢珠,可以大大缩短集体落纱细纱机机械手安装空纱管时间、降低对机械手动作精度的要求,且不损坏锭子、不影响锭子使用寿命,实现了节能降耗、安装效率高的目的。 相似文献
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This paper reports solubility data and measurements of viscosity of the saturated aqueous solutions of sucrose, maltitol, and trehalose. Likewise, the metastable zone width and velocity of nucleation of the three disaccharides are compared. The narrowest metastable zone is observed for maltitol and the largest for trehalose. Such behaviour is due to a higher affinity of trehalose for water. Moreover, the crystallisation of anhydrous disaccharides in aqueous solution necessitates that hydration water be removed and evacuated from crystal integration surface to the bulk of solution to allow the growth of crystals. This step of disassociation and diffusion of hydration water proves to be the controlling step of the crystallisation process. Structural features at the origin of the differences between the three sugars are studied by FTIR spectroscopy. Modifications of frequencies and intensities of the vibrations around the glycosidic bond are interpreted in terms of conformational flexibility. Arguments like H-bond strength or conformational flexibility of the two monomers around the glycosidic oxygen were evoked as possible explanations of the behaviour of disaccharides. Likewise stability of hydration of the disaccharides is derived from the interpretation of FTIR spectra. These structural features help in interpreting the differences in crystallisation conditions and to hypothesize about the cryoprotective ability of the studied molecules. 相似文献
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阐述棉纺牵伸胶辊、胶圈的应用技术和牵伸原理,重点探讨了胶辊、胶圈的牵伸工艺特性及其合理配置、胶辊制作、周期管理、质量管理、使用管理、产品缺陷与其机械波分析、纺纱环境和挡车工操作水平对纺纱性能的影响,提出胶辊、胶圈有关机件的质量要求等。 相似文献
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为了利用毛羽方向的特性,有效控制毛羽增长幅度,达到降低毛羽,提高成纱质量的目的,从分析毛羽成因入手,介绍了毛羽方向性的形成原因、纱线毛羽方向的特性,重点研究了毛羽方向与纺纱过程的关系及毛羽方向性在新型纺纱中的特征。指出毛羽方向分为正向毛羽、反向毛羽、不定向毛羽三类,且三者之间可相互转换;毛羽方向与细纱卷绕密度,络筒退绕动程、络筒络纱速度、络纱张力,钢领钢丝圈、细纱至络筒摩擦倒向以及毛羽测试张力等关系密切,且络筒工序毛羽方向改变是毛羽增长的主要原因;毛羽方向性是纱线毛羽所具有的特征,控制络筒毛羽增长实质上就是减少倒向造成毛羽形态改变及方向发生改变后的定向,并不是真正的去除毛羽,利用毛羽的方向特性,可有效地控制毛羽的增长幅度,提高纱线质量。 相似文献
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This paper is an overview of recent work on some particular aspects of the behaviour of biopolymer solution and gel mixtures, the focus being on aspects that are of particular relevance to the materials found in food systems. As such, the following areas are considered. (1) The phase behaviour of such mixtures in terms of the microstructures formed, the ideas of phase volume, phase continuity, surface tension and the use of the Flory–Huggins theory to model the behaviour. (2) The kinetics of phase separation in terms of the evidence for spinodal decomposition, ripening processes and the interplay between the kinetics of phase separation, gelation and molecular ordering. (3) The effects of shear on the composite microstructure in terms of particle size and shape, and how shear can be used to cause phase inversion of the system. (4) The material properties of the composites, including the fracture behaviour, the effect of particle size, and the role of the interface between the phases. It is clear that over the past few years a considerable literature has been built up on mixtures of biopolymers. Despite this growing understanding it remains a fact that we are not capable, as yet, of designing the microstructure of mixed biopolymer composites, although it is clear that there is a considerable technological advantage in being able to do so. 相似文献