水溶性维纶纤维的应用

维纶纤维是一种很有价值的功能性差别化纤维，水溶性维纶纤维有长丝和短纤两大类。水溶性维纶长丝是理想的水溶性纤维，是维纶的特色品种，可有0～100℃水溶温度，供各种用途使用。它具有理想的水溶温度和强伸度，良好的耐酸、耐碱、耐干热性能，溶于水后无味、无毒，水溶液呈无色透明状，在较短时间内自然生物降解。应用于亚麻、苎麻、羊毛的织造性能介绍如下：     

水溶性纤维在羊绒水纹围巾上的应用

选用适当的比例的水溶性维纶纤维与羊绒纤维混纺，可以提高纺纱支数，降低成本。文章主要介绍了羊绒与水溶性纤维伴纺生产羊绒围巾，采用新的尝试在纺纱后去除维纶纤维，然后织造再进行后整理加工羊绒围巾，使围巾获得丰满的手感，弹性十足，悬垂性好。     

水溶性维纶的结构及对含二次纤维纸张强度的影响

利用扫描电镜X－射线衍射、傅利叶变换红外光谱、DSC等测试手段对水溶性维纶纤维的形貌结构、聚集态结构、化学结构特点及热性能作了分析，并对二次纤维回用过程中添加水溶性维纶纤维对纸张强度的影响进行了研究。结果表明，二次纤维抄造过程添加水溶性维纶纤维可以明显改善纸张强度性质，其裂断长、撕裂指数和环压强度均有提高。     

用水溶性维纶纤维生产高支单面哔叽

选用适当比例的水溶性维纶纤维与毛混纺,可以提高纺纱支数,降低成本,提高竞争力.文章主要介绍了羊毛与水溶性维纶纤维伴纺产品的设计、工艺及生产要点.该产品手感丰满、弹性足、悬垂性好.     

水溶性维纶纤维双层织物的开发

为了开发水溶性维纶纤维双层织物,介绍了水溶性维纶纤维的性能,根据该纤维的特点,结合生产实践,通过工艺试验,分析了织造工艺等影响水溶性维纶纤维双层面料质量的因素,并分别采用了新的技术措施;试验结果表明,各项品质指标均已达到预期效果.     

水溶性维纶纤维的水溶解性能研究

研究了水处理温度、水处理时间及升温过程对水溶性维纶水溶解度的影响。研究结果表明，在温度一定时，增加水处理时间，水溶性维纶纤维的水溶解度增加；当时间一定时，升高水处理温度，水溶性维纶的水溶解度增加。采用水溶性维纶纤维试样与水浴同步升温的工艺，水溶性维纶在80℃完全溶解并且所用时间短。     

水溶性纤维的新用途

聚乙烯醇纤维，是一种仿棉型的合成纤维，它是用乙炔或乙烯聚合而成的纺织纤维。由于维纶强力偏低，价格又高于丙纶等常规合纤，限制了其发展。近年来，水溶性聚乙烯醇纤维——溶性纤维的开发成功，为维纶的使用开拓出了一片新天地，已被广泛的应用于农业、轻工、纺织、军事、医药等领域。     

水溶性维纶纤维(PVA)及其与棉交并纱的水溶解性能

维纶纤维是一种可自然降解的绿色环保产品，是理想的伴纺材料。通过水溶性维纶纤维和维棉交并纱退维实验，介绍了维纶纤维的溶解性能，定量分析了维纶纤维和纱线的溶解温度。     

维纶伴纺匹染毛织物的染整加工

水溶性维纶纤维与相对低支的羊毛纤维伴纺后再退维,可生产出轻薄型毛织物。文章介绍了其染整加工的工艺过程及最佳工艺参数。     

化学方法在PVA/苎麻织物退维中的研究

织物轻薄化是现代纺织品发展的趋势。通过水溶性维纶纤维(PVA)与苎麻伴纺、后整理过程中溶除维纶纤维,不仅能使产品具有柔软、轻薄等特性,还可以降低生产成本,提高企业经济效益。但含维纶产品因其独特的工艺条件使其在苎麻织物后整理加工过程中与常规产品相比技术难度大,单用水进行加热溶解退维率并不理想。通过对后整理过程中的退维工艺进行研究,得出利用氧化剂氧化的方法能使伴纺的PVA得到最好的去除,并通过实验优化出最佳退维工艺,对生产实践有重要的指导意义。     

高性能合成纤维及其应用

简述几种高性能合成纤维的制造工艺、基本结构和性能特点及其在造纸工业等领域的应用。这些纤维主要包括芳纶、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、PBO纤维、芳砜纶、聚苯硫醚纤维等。     

粉煤灰矿物纤维造纸性能研究

利用一定比例的粉煤灰矿物纤维与植物纤维可以配抄成组织均匀的纸页,但其对纸页的物理性能和外观均有较大影响。目前市场上的粉煤灰矿物纤维用来造纸还存在较多问题,需要进一步地改进和精制,应用工艺需要进一步地探讨。     

超细微粒空气过滤纸

详细论述了与大规模和超大规模集成电路相关的无机纤维空气过滤纸的国内外现状，超细微粒空气过滤纸的特性、小试和生产试验的工艺技术条件，并进行了该产品与国外同类产品各项技术指标的比较     

Polymeric fibers pull-out behavior and microstructure as cementitious composites reinforcement

Bonding strength is an important factor which affects the performance of fiber reinforced cementitious composites. The present work describes the bonding strength between three polymeric fibers (polypropylene (PP), nylon6,6 (N66), and acrylic (AC)) embedded in a cement paste. Also, the pull-out behavior of fibers from cement matrix along with their tensile behavior was studied. The specimens were tested after 7, 14, and 28 curing days with cement to water ratio of 0.5. It was found that although the higher bonding strength to the cement matrix was achieved for AC and PP fibers, the energy absorption capacity of the fibers during composite fracture is obtained for fiber with lower bonding to the cement matrix (N66). Scanning electron micrographs were used to characterize the fiber surface before and after the pull-out tests.     

Characterization of virgin and recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers

In this study, we compared the properties of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers and virgin PET fibers. All these experiments present the differences or similarities between them on surface morphology, mechanical properties, and internal fiber structure. The results show that the surface morphology of both PET fibers is similar. According to the tests on mechanical properties, it can be observed that recycled PET fibers have a higher tensile strength and greater elongation at break. The recycled fiber has a higher degree of crystallinity while with the smaller average crystallite size based on the X-ray diffraction data. In polarized attenuated total reflectance infrared technique, the virgin fibers have a better performance than the recycled ones in orientation. Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum analysis indicates that both kinds of fibers have the similar representative groups.     

玻璃纤维改性及其配抄性能的提高

利用阳离子淀粉和羧甲基纤维素钠处理液对玻璃纤维进行浸渍处理，通过测定手抄片抗张强度、撕裂强度和挺废，研究浸渍处理的玻璃纤维与植物纤维的配抄性能。结果显示，玻璃纤维经羧甲基纤维素钠和阳离子淀粉液分别浸渍处理或交替处理后，能显著改善玻璃纤维对配抄纸张抗张强度、撕裂强度的不利影响，并进一步改善了纸张挺度。     

Refining Hemp Fibers for Papermaking

Abstract

Hemp, an annual plant that grows well in the temperate climate, is an alternative fiber source. While there are data on its disk refining, there is little available about its behavior in other pulping equipment. This paper focuses on a series of tests conducted with the Szego Mill? SM 440 equipped with four plastic rollers to determine its suitability in refining hemp fibers. The resulting pulp was mixed with Kraft pulp and then the strength and optical properties were measured. A comparison in the performance of the mill in refining wood chips and hemp is presented with respect to fiber properties and paper quality.     

Paper Properties of Typha Latifolia,Pennisetum Alopecuroides,and Agave Americana Fibers and Their Effect as a Substitute for Kraft Pulp Fibers

In this study, we have extracted and bleached fibers from three plants (Typha latifolia, Agave americana, and Pennisetum alopecuroides). The obtained pulp contains more than 50% of fines and fibers with lengths not exceeding 1 mm. Generally, the amount of fines depends on fiber source, fiber morphology, pulping conditions, and the extent of mechanical treatment. Handsheets were produced with plant fibers alone or mixed (in different percentages: 7.5%, 15%, 22.5%, and 30%) with a commercial kraft pulp. The mechanical and optical properties of the sheets (breaking length, tear index, young modulus, whiteness, and opacity) show that plants could be used as a substitute fiber supply for the paper industry. However, fines were hardly retained in the sheets. A model to explain the removal of fines is proposed.     

间位与对位芳纶纤维造纸性能比较

本文介绍了芳纶1313和芳纶1414短纤维及浆粕纤维的纤维形态,并对比论述了芳纶纤维在造纸过程中的行为和性能.     

化学纤维与非织造布

化学纤维是生产非织造布的主要原料,不同品种化学纤维的性能和价格对非织造布的用途开拓和产品的市场竞争力有着很大的影响。近年来开发的高技术、高性能化纤赋予了非织造布更好的性能和更广阔的应用领域,21世纪将崛起的几种化学纤维应引起非织造布行业的关注。