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1.
草莓澄清汁的加工技术研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文采用复合果胶酶酶解的方法,研究了草莓澄清汁的加工工艺,得到草莓澄清汁最佳的酶解工艺条件为:复合果胶酶添加量0.015%,酶解时间90min,酶解温度35℃,此时草莓的出汁率为81.10%,透光率可达96.1%。  相似文献   

2.
以丰满红树莓为原料,经酶法提取果汁,并将超滤技术应用到树莓汁的澄清过程中,制得澄清树莓汁,经风味调配后,制得澄清树莓汁饮料,基本保持了原果的风味、色泽和营养成分,酸甜可口,营养丰富,具有较好的稳定性.  相似文献   

3.
以草莓果实、蜂蜜、糯米为主要原料,经取汁,配料,发酵、澄清等优化组合,制成发酵草莓蜜酒。  相似文献   

4.
人参果保健饮料的研制   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
张家骊 《饮料工业》2001,4(2):22-24
以新型保健水果人参果为原料,在分析测定人参果主要成分含量的基础上,较深入地研究了人参甲的取汁、果汁澄清以及配方等加工条件对人参果饮料品质的影响,采用打浆浸提取汁、酶法澄清技术,从而制得了一种保持人参果风味、口味清爽、外观澄清、色泽诱人,具有人参果营养价值和保健作用的新型保健饮品。  相似文献   

5.
陈懿 《酿酒科技》2006,(11):35-38
对猕猴桃汁的制取、澄清及猕猴桃清汁发酵酿制干酒的工艺进行了研究。结果表明,在制汁过程中加入适量的果胶酶、SO2和澄清剂,可获得透光率达85%以上的猕猴桃澄清汁;加入葡萄酒酵母在20~25℃下发酵,可获得色泽黄绿、果香浓郁、口味协调、酒体厚实的猕猴桃干酒。  相似文献   

6.
报道以草莓果为原料,经优良乳酸菌和酵母菌混合发酵后分离取汁的加工工艺,利用澄清汁通过稀释调配,优选最佳的工艺配方酿制而成乳酸草莓汁饮料,风味别致,口感纯正,是理想的高档饮料。  相似文献   

7.
通过正交试验,分析了影响混合汁气浮澄清过程的主要影响因素,结果表明,混合汁加热温度是混合汁气浮澄清过程最主要的影响因素,较好的澄清试验条件为混合汁加热温度55℃,制泡时间15 s,PAM添加量为2.5 mg/L。  相似文献   

8.
本实验利用金丝小枣为原料,提取枣汁,得到枣汁和枣渣。枣汁经过酶解、过滤后得到澄清透明的枣汁1。所剩枣渣再添加定量水后,经捣碎、离心分离工艺后得到枣汁2。利用枣汁2发酵制枣醋,再回添至枣汁1中,制得枣醋爽饮料。本实验对枣的综合利用提出了合理的工艺。  相似文献   

9.
以红树莓、菠萝和甜瓜为原料,经酶解制汁、发酵及下胶澄清稳定处理,制得发酵复合果酒。经过单因素试验和正交试验,以酒精度为评价指标,确定最佳发酵工艺参数为红树莓汁∶菠萝汁∶甜瓜汁配比2∶1∶1、初始糖度24 °Bx、初始pH值4.0、酵母接种量0.4 g/L,酒精度为11%vol。以透光率为考察指标,确定最佳澄清工艺参数为:膨润土添加量0.4 g/L,澄清温度25 ℃,澄清时间12 d,透光率达到95.60%。酿制的果酒酒精度适宜,果酒呈暗红色,酒液清亮无浑浊,口感爽适纯净,香气协调优雅。  相似文献   

10.
乳酸发酵澄清柿子汁的研制   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过测定分析pH值的变化,筛选出发酵力强的菌种和适宜的发酵液。在柿子发酵过程中自然完成了下胶澄清过程,通过硅藻土滤层的过滤可制得稳定澄清的柿汁。最后,确定出合适的工艺路线,而做出了甜酸适口、清香、金黄清亮的发酵柿汁。  相似文献   

11.
肉因其较高的营养价值和独特的风味而成为广大消费者饮食中最重要的组成成分之一。在高额利益的驱动下,肉及肉制品的加工生产中掺假问题频繁发生。因此开发出能够对肉及肉制品的掺假进行有效鉴别的技术与方法对保障消费者的利益具有重要意义。产品和消费方式的不同决定了对掺假鉴别的侧重点不同,因而对相应掺假鉴别技术的要求也不同。本文阐述了目前用于肉及肉制品掺假检测的常见方法的基本原理及其研究进展,包括基于蛋白质组学的免疫和质谱技术,基于DNA的聚合酶链式反应技术以及基于无损检测的传感器和光谱技术。同时也对目前已知方法所存在的鉴别盲区和新的掺假鉴别技术的开发提出了建议,以期为肉类及其加工制品掺假鉴别提供一定的理论依据。  相似文献   

12.
Implications of nitrogen nutrition for grapes, fermentation and wine   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
This review discusses the impacts of nitrogen addition in the vineyard and winery, and establishes the effects that nitrogen has on grape berry and wine composition and the sensory attributes of wine. Nitrogen is the most abundant soil‐derived macronutrient in a grapevine, and plays a major role in many of the biological functions and processes of both grapevine and fermentative microorganisms. Manipulation of grapevine nitrogen nutrition has the potential to influence quality components in the grape and, ultimately, the wine. In addition, fermentation kinetics and formation of flavour‐active metabolites are also affected by the nitrogen status of the must, which can be further manipulated by addition of nitrogen in the winery. The only consistent effect of nitrogen application in the vineyard on grape berry quality components is an increase in the concentration of the major nitrogenous compounds, such as total nitrogen, total amino acids, arginine, proline and ammonium, and consequently yeast‐assimilable nitrogen (YAN). Both the form and amount of YAN have significant implications for wine quality. Low must YAN leads to low yeast populations and poor fermentation vigour, increased risk of sluggish/stuck/slow fermentations, increased production of undesirable thiols (e.g. hydrogen sulfide) and higher alcohols, and low production of esters and long chain volatile fatty acids. High must YAN leads to increased biomass and higher maximum heat output due to greater fermentation vigour, and increased formation of ethyl acetate, acetic acid and volatile acidity. Increased concentrations of haze‐causing proteins, urea and ethyl carbamate and biogenic amines are also associated with high YAN musts. The risk of microbial instability, potential taint from Botrytis‐infected fruit and possibly atypical ageing character is also increased. Intermediate must YAN favours the best balance between desirable and undesirable chemical and sensory wine attributes. ‘Macro tuning’, of berry nitrogen status can be achieved in the vineyard, given genetic constraints, but the final ‘micro tuning’ can be more readily achieved in the winery by the use of nitrogen supplements, such as diammonium phosphate (DAP) and the choice of fermentation conditions. This point highlights the need to monitor nitrogen not only in the vineyard but also in the must immediately before fermentation, so that appropriate additions can be made when required. Overall, optimisation of vineyard and fermentation nitrogen can contribute to quality factors in wine and hence affect its value. However, a better understanding of the effect of nitrogen on grape secondary metabolites and different types of nitrogen sources on yeast flavour metabolism and wine sensory properties is still required.  相似文献   

13.
Benzoic anhydride and ethyl and propyl esters of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (ETP and PRP, respectively, also termed parabens) incorporated into low density polyethylene (LDPE) film were studied with regard to migration into food and food simulants at 6°C and 25°C, and changes in selected properties of the film were investigated. Antimicrobials were incorporated into polymer film in concentrations of 5g/kg and 10g/kg. The addition of parabens into the polymer was more difficult than benzoic anhydride due to their volatility. For benzoic anhydride, 30-40% and 10-20% of the added amount was found to leach from the film into aqueous and olive oil food simulants, respectively. The migration into both water and olive oil followed a very similar course in the case of parabens. Migration levels over 90% and in the range of 70% to 80%, relative to the amount of agent in the film, were determined for ETP and PRP respectively. The incorporation of antimicrobials into the film significantly changed the functional characteristics of the packaging material, i.e. permeability of oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapour, tensile strength, coefficient of friction, sealing strength and transparency. Shelf life tests with packaged cheese and toasted bread demonstrated the efficiency of the film containing 10g/kg of BA against mould growth on the food surface during storage at 6°C.  相似文献   

14.
Whole grains and legumes are important sources of nutrients and have essential influences in the human diet. However, the consumption of whole grains and legumes faces many challenges, such as their poor edible and cooking qualities. Antinutritional factors and allergens also affect consumption of whole grains and legumes. High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment is a recent non-thermal processing technology, which can improve the edible quality of whole grains and legumes. HHP also preserves the natural nutrition and freshness of food by lowering the concentration of antinutritional elements and sensitizing allergens while minimally altering the color and scent of the food components. This review summarized the principle of HHP treatment technology, the effects of HHP treatment on the nutritional components, antinutritional factors, and cooking qualities of whole grains and legumes. This review also described the potential effects of HHP-treated whole grains and legumes on some diseases. This review is expected to provide references for the application of HHP treatment in whole grains and legumes.  相似文献   

15.
王兆明  贺稚非  李洪军 《食品科学》2018,39(11):295-301
肉中富含脂质和蛋白质,具有极高的营养价值。脂质和蛋白质的氧化会引起肉品品质的变化。在肉品这一 复杂的体系中,脂质氧化和蛋白氧化不是孤立发生的,而是具有一定的联系。全面地理解脂质和蛋白质氧化对肉品 品质的影响及各组分氧化间的相互关系,对于解释肉品品质劣变以及选择合理的抗氧化措施具有重要的意义。本文 对脂质和蛋白质氧化引起的肉品品质变化,以及脂质-肌红蛋白、脂质-非血红素蛋白和肌红蛋白-非血红素蛋白间的 交互氧化关系进行了综述。  相似文献   

16.
Food oral processing—A review   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Food oral processing is an essential procedure not only for the consumption and digestion of foods but also for the appreciation and pleasure of food texture and food flavour. The consumption of a food inside mouth involves various oral operations, including first bite, chewing and mastication, transportation, bolus formation, swallowing, etc. Exact mechanisms and governing principles of these oral operations are still not fully understood, despite of continuous efforts made by scientists from food, psychology, physiology, dental and clinical studies, and other disciplines. This article reviews recent progresses and literature findings about food processing and transformation in mouth, with particular attention on the physiology and rheology aspects of oral operations. The physiological behaviour of human's oral device is discussed in terms of biting capability, tongue movement, saliva production and incorporation, and swallowing. The complexity of oral processing is analysed in relation to the rheology and mechanical properties of foods. The swallowing and oral clearing process is also examined for its criteria, triggering mechanism, bolus deformation, and the rheology of swallowing.  相似文献   

17.
Quality of coffee is a complex trait and is influenced by physical and sensory parameters. A complex succession of transformations during the processing of seeds to roasted coffee will inevitably influence the in-cup attributes of coffee. Germination and fermentation of the beans are two bioprocesses that take place during post-harvest treatment, and may lead to significant modifications of coffee attributes. The aim of this review is to address the current knowledge of dynamics of these two processes and their significance for bean modifications and coffee quality. The first part of this review gives an overview of coffee germination and its influence on coffee chemistry and quality. The germination process initiates while these non-orthodox seeds are still inside the cherry. This process is asynchronous and the evolution of germination depends on how the beans are processed. A range of metabolic reactions takes place during germination and can influence the carbohydrate, protein, and lipid composition of the beans. The second part of this review focuses on the microbiota associated with the beans during post-harvesting, exploring its effects on coffee quality and safety. The microbiota associated with the coffee cherries and beans comprise several bacterial, yeast, and fungal species and affects the processing from cherries to coffee beans. Indigenous bacteria and yeasts play a role in the degradation of pulp/mucilage, and their metabolism can affect the sensory attributes of coffee. On the other hand, the fungal population occurring during post-harvest and storage negatively affects coffee quality, especially regarding spoilage, off-tastes, and mycotoxin production.  相似文献   

18.
Pulses are processed in diverse ways prior to consumption. Soaking and germination are among the most common traditional, household-level food processing strategies. This study was carried out to determine the effects of soaking, germination, cooking and their combinations on the contents of selected nutrients and anti-nutrients of red dry bean and chickpea. In addition, the effects of pre-treatment on cooking time and the acceptability of dishes prepared from red dry bean and chickpea were determined. The nutrient compositions (zinc, iron and calcium) of most soaked-cooked and germinated-cooked red dry bean and chickpea samples were not significantly different than those of respective controls. However, soaking and germination pre-treatments significantly lowered the phytate and tannin contents of the red dry bean and chickpea samples, with a few exceptions, and overall, polyphenol contents were lower after soaking-cooking than after germination-cooking. Most scores for sensory attributes of bean-based and chickpea-based dishes prepared from soaked or germinated samples were not significantly different than those of the controls. For most red dry bean and chickpea samples, longer germination times yielded superior results in terms of reductions in cooking time, tannin content, and phytate:zinc and phytate:iron molar ratio.  相似文献   

19.
20.
虾、蟹壳是虾、蟹加工过程中产生的主要废弃物,含有较大量的蛋白质、灰分和甲壳素,以及少量的脂肪、游离氨基酸和虾青素等。近年来,随着我国养殖、捕捞技术的进步以及伏季休渔制度的实施,虾、蟹产量逐年上升。因此,有效利用虾、蟹壳副产物,开发基于虾、蟹壳废弃物的利用途径和产品类型,以提高产品附加值,减少环境污染,对于虾、蟹产业的健康发展具有重要意义。目前,采用酸碱法制备甲壳素是虾、蟹壳利用的主要方法,该方法易于操作,但能耗高且污染严重,近年来研究人员对传统的酸碱法制备甲壳素的工艺进行了优化,并积极探索酶法和发酵法等新型提取工艺。此外,虾、蟹壳中其他可利用成分(蛋白质、脂肪、钙质和虾青素)的提取和利用也获得了许多研究成果。本文主要综述了虾、蟹壳的组成成分,虾、蟹壳整体利用途径以及虾、蟹壳中甲壳素、蛋白质、脂肪、钙质、虾青素等成分的提取和利用途径的研究进展,以期为虾、蟹壳的高效、低成本、无污染和高附加值利用提供借鉴。  相似文献   

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