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MS-HPLC法检测啤酒酵母胞内代谢有机酸的变化 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过啤酒酵母细胞的几种破壁方法比较 ,确定了微波破壁 (MS ,microwave -split)和高效液相色谱(HPLC)联用的方法 ,对通风发酵过程中啤酒酵母细胞胞内六种有机酸含量的动态变化 ,进行了定性定量跟踪检测。本方法具有前处理简单、干扰小、分析速度快等优点 ,便于及时跟踪测定发酵过程中有机酸的动态变化。研究结果表明通风发酵过程中 ,胞内作为经济性碳底物的柠檬酸和琥珀酸含量很低 ,代谢变化调控严格 ;其余四种有机酸在发酵后期阶段有机酸含量变化对K 、Ca2 两种离子响应不同 相似文献
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对啤酒酵母S-1产胞外多糖的发酵条件及提取方法进行了初步的研究。研究结果表明:啤酒酵母菌株S-1产胞外多糖最佳培养条件为:最佳碳源为葡萄糖,其最佳浓度4%;培养基初始pH5.0;菌体生长产糖最佳温度26℃;产糖发酵最佳时间36h。在此发酵条件下,啤酒酵母菌株S-1产胞外多糖最高达到47.10mg/100ml。啤酒酵母胞外多糖提取酒精沉淀较佳时间1.5h,酒精沉淀浓度80%。 相似文献
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在离子型培养基中分别添加6.804,13.610,27.216 g/L 的KH2PO4以及66.39,138.75, 277.4 mg /L 的CaCl2,对通风发酵过程中的不同K^+、Ca^2+浓度影响啤酒酵母代谢产6种有机酸含量的动态变化进行了跟踪检测.研究结果表明,K^+、Ca^2+可能通过作用于酵母细胞膜上的膜蛋白或调控生理代谢网络中代谢流相关的酶,从而使不同的K^+、Ca^2+浓度影响啤酒酵母响应产酸的峰值和峰值响应时间;在通风发酵过程中,啤酒酵母代谢产乳酸较多(多达8.3 mg/mL),产琥珀酸较少(不超过250 μg/mL);发酵终点时,随K^+、Ca^2+浓度增大,啤酒酵母代谢产酒石酸和琥珀酸等含量减少. 相似文献
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《食品与发酵工业》2017,(10):43-48
从发酵豆粕中筛选得到1株生长迅速产酸量大的乳酸菌,经鉴定为植物乳杆菌,命名为JUN-DY-6,利用该菌对豆粕进行固态发酵。通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对发酵豆粕中的有机酸组成进行了定性定量分析。结果显示:用JNU-DY-6生产的发酵豆粕中主要有6种有机酸,其中以乳酸、乙酸、丙酸和柠檬酸为主。且发酵豆粕工艺中糖蜜的添加与否对发酵豆粕中丙酸含量影响较大。碱性蛋白酶添加量0.5%,糖蜜添加量为3%的条件下发酵豆粕,产生有机酸含量峰值为14.646 g/L,比仅使用乳酸菌发酵的情况下提高了23.1%。SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳结果显示,发酵豆粕中的大豆蛋白基乎完全降解为小分子多肽。 相似文献
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高发酵度啤酒酵母生产试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高发酵度啤酒酵母生产试验研究王佐民,索晓光,胡晓东(黑龙江省轻工业研究所)(黑龙江省食品工业公司)啤酒发酵度的高低,啤酒酵母是关键。为了制作高发酵度啤酒,我们采用生物技术,选育分离出1株高发酵度啤酒酵母菌株SL-8。该菌株具有双乙酰还原能力强、发酵度... 相似文献
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The medium chain length fatty acids that are excreted during fermentation are produced by synthesis and not by degradation. The fermentation of a wort supplemented with propionic acid (C3) or valeric acid (C5) leads to the excretion of nonanoic acid (C9) in addition to the usual even chain acids. C9 acid was not detected in the beer when the inoculated yeasts contained a high proportion of pentadecanoic acid (C16) and heptadecanoic acid (C17) or when the C17 acid was added to the wort, demonstrating that a degradative route is unimportant. The content of the medium chain length fatty acids in beer varies directly with their content in yeast; thus the fatty acid composition of the beer reflects changes in the content of these acids in yeast brought about by alteration in the supply of oxygen or by the addition of C3 acid to wort. 相似文献
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对发酵过程中几种主要有机酸的变化进行了初步研究。研究结果表明,有机酸大致可以分为三类:第I类,发酵过程中基本不分泌到胞外、或被酵母吸收的有机酸,包括柠檬酸、苹果酸、富马酸和甲酸;第II类,发酵过程中有较多增加的有机酸,包括乳酸和乙酸;第III类,麦汁中含量较少,但发酵过程中会大量产生,包括的有机酸为琥珀酸。 相似文献
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The acid content of a range of ales and lagers has been measured for some organic acids related to the Krebs cycle, and found to vary widely. Acetate, pyruvate, lactate, succinate, pyroglutamate, malate and citrate were present in all cases and α-ketoglutarate was usually detected. α-Hydroxyglutarate was recognized in a number of beers. The effect of the acids on the pH of beer is assessed. The strain of yeast which is used markedly influences the levels of all acids except pyroglutamate and the conditions of yeast propagation have a substantial influence on the extent of acid accumulation. During the fermentation of wort and synthetic media the extent of organic acid excretion is proportional to the extent of fermentation, but the nature of the acids which are excreted varies during the fermentation period. In synthetic media, nitrogen source is shown to have a substantial effect on the accumulation of organic acid. Pyruvate and acetate levels vary inversely towards the end of fermentation, suggesting that yeast converts pyruvate to acetate. 相似文献
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酵母自溶的成因及其对啤酒质量的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
酵母自溶由酵母胞内蛋白分解酶外泄引起,影响酵母自溶的因素有:(1)酵母菌种;(2)麦汁营养成分组成不合理;(3)酵母使用代数过高;(4)酵母添加量过多;(5)温度、压力、pH值等发酵工艺条件控制不当;(6)酵母回收时间、方法、压力、酵母贮存条件;(7)微生物污染。酵母自溶会影响啤酒风味稳定性,使啤酒苦味、涩味加重;啤酒双乙酰含量增加;啤酒的泡持性下降;啤酒总酸偏高;啤酒pH值升高;增加啤酒过滤成本。防止酵母自溶的方法有:(1)选择优良强壮的出发菌株;(2)控制酵母添加量和使用代数;(3)制备营养丰富、组成合理的麦汁;(4)严格发酵工艺奈件;(5)加强酵母质量管理;(6)加强卫生管理,保证纯种发酵。 相似文献
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Diacetyl is a butter‐tasting vicinal diketone produced as a by‐product of yeast valine metabolism during fermentation. Concentration is dependent on a number of factors including rate of formation of the precursor α‐acetolactate by yeast, spontaneous decarboxylation of this acetohydroxy acid to diacetyl and removal of diacetyl by yeast via the action of various reductase enzymes. Lowering concentrations of diacetyl in green beer represents an expensive and time‐consuming part of the brewing process and strategies to minimize diacetyl formation or hasten its reduction have potential for improving overall efficiency of the lager brewing system. Here we review the processes that determine diacetyl levels in green beer as well as the various ways in which diacetyl levels can be controlled. The amount of diacetyl produced during fermentation can be affected by modifying process conditions, wort composition or fermentation technique, or by yeast strain development through genetic engineering or adaptive evolution. The process of diacetyl reduction by yeast is not as well understood as the process of formation, but is dependent on factors such as physiological condition, cell membrane composition, temperature and pH. The process of diacetyl removal is typically rate‐limited by the reaction rate for the spontaneous decarboxylation of α‐acetolactate to diacetyl. Copyright © 2013 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling 相似文献