以齐墩果酸为标准品测定大豆皂甙的研究

为有效地选定一种测定大豆皂甙的新方法,特以齐墩果酸为标准品,采用香草醛-高氯酸体系显色后测定豆粕中的大豆皂甙,精密度分析RSD为1.092%,平均加样回收率100.43%,RSD为1.96%,结果证实该方法重现性好、精密度较高、试验结果可靠。     

HPLC法测定刺嫩芽皂甙中齐墩果酸的含量

建立刺嫩芽皂甙中齐墩果酸的含量测定方法.方法:采用HPLC,选用C18色谱柱,以乙腈-水(85:15)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长215 nm.此方法在浓度为0.012 5 mg/mL～1.0000mg/mL范围内线性关系良好(R2=0.999 5),平均回收率为101.7%,RSD=0.868%(n=6).该色谱条件下齐墩果酸测定方法的专属性好,可用于刺嫩芽皂甙中齐墩果酸含量测定的方法学研究.     

比色法测定玉米须皂甙的研究

研究了以齐墩果酸作为标准品,采用比色法测定玉米须皂甙含量的方法。通过试验确定了在540nm下,以7%香草醛-冰醋酸溶液和0.8mL高氯酸溶液为显色剂,显色时间为20min、显色温度为70℃时比色体系最稳定。所得回归方程为y=0.011 3x＋0.025 9,R2=0.993 1,曲线高度显著,线性和稳定可靠。平均加标回收率为100.3%,相对标准差RSD为1.11%,所用方法结果准确,重复性好,可用于玉米须中皂甙含量的测定。     

比色法测定大豆总皂甙的研究

研究了以齐墩果酸作为标准品，采用比色法测定大豆总皂甙含量的方法。通过试验确定了在560nm下，以5％香草醛-冰醋酸溶液和0．8mL高氯酸溶液为显色剂，显色时间为15min、显色温度为60℃比色体系最稳定。所得回归方程为Y=0．1018x-0．0018，R^8=0．9978，线性可靠，曲线高度显著，相对标准差RSD为2．21％，失拟性小，并计算得出脱脂豆粕中大豆皂甙的含量为1．03％。     

高效液相色谱法测定大豆胚轴中DDMP皂甙αg和βg

为检测大豆中的αg和βg含量 ,应用高效液相色谱 -差示折射法 (HPLC -dRI)测定大豆皂甙样品中DDMP皂甙αg和 βg含量 ,色谱柱为ODS -AM - 30 3柱 (YMC ,4 6mm× 2 5 0mm ,5 μm) ,流动相为含 0 1%三氟乙酸的乙腈 水 (4 0 6 0 )。DDMP皂甙αg和 βg分别在 1 38～ 6 88μg和 1 6 2～ 8 12 μg范围内线性关系良好 ,平均回收率为 93 4 %和 94 2 % ,RSD为 4 0 7%和 4 2 8%。方法准确度高 ,重现性好 ,适用于大豆皂甙样品中DDMP皂甙以及其它大豆皂甙的含量测定。     

紫外分光光度法测定大豆中的总皂甙

大豆皂甙属于三萜类皂甙,有近20种,定量测定比较困难。将皂甙水解成甙元并利用其具有紫外吸收的性质,建立了紫外分光光度测定法。该方法简单易行,仪器成本低,标准曲线线性好,相关系数为0.993,回收率可达97.4%,可满足大豆及大豆粕中皂甙的测定。     

分光光度法测定大豆总皂甙含量

为建立一种测大豆总皂甙含量的新方法,以齐墩果酸作为标准品,采用分光光度法,配合薄层分析结果测定了经大孔树脂吸附法、正丁醇再分配法和混合法精制纯化后的３种大豆总皂甙试样含量。本测定方法的平均回收率为１００．５８％,ＲＳＤ为３．３４％,方法简便,重现性好,可作为大豆皂甙含是检测的一种手段。     

高效液相色谱法测定大豆胚轴中A类皂甙的含量

建立了A类大豆皂甙的高效液相色谱-差示折射(HPLC-dRI)检测方法。色谱条件为:ODS-AM-303色谱柱(YMC,4.6mm×250mm,5μm),柱温40℃,含0.1%三氟乙酸的乙腈-水(40∶60)为流动相,流速1mL/min。大豆皂甙A1和A2分别在1.39～6.96μg和1.67～8.34μg范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为91.3%和92.6%,RSD为4.63%和3.48%。方法准确度高,重现性好,适用于大豆皂甙样品中A类皂甙的测定。     

RP-HPLC法测定新疆6种红枣中齐墩果酸和熊果酸的含量

采用反相高效液相色谱法测定新疆不同品种红枣中齐墩果酸和熊果酸的含量。采用Kromasil C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.03 mol/L的磷酸二氢钠(磷酸调pH至3.0)(90:10),流速为0.8 mL/min,检测波长为210 nm,柱温25℃。上述色谱条件下红枣中齐墩果酸、熊果酸可完全分离,线性范围分别为齐墩果酸0.4～ 2.0μg(r=0.9998),熊果酸0.448～ 2.24μg(r=0.9999);平均回收率分别为齐墩果酸99.4%,RSD=1.33%,熊果酸99.6%,RSD=1.43%(n=6)。该方法快速、准确、可靠,可用于红枣中齐墩果酸和熊果酸含量的同时测定。     

大豆异黄酮及大豆皂甙的抗氧化性研究

以脱脂大豆胚芽为原料,提取、分离纯化得到大豆异黄酮和大豆皂甙产品.通过超氧阴离子及过氧化氢清除实验、还原能力测定及抑制猪油氧化能力测定实验对大豆胚芽中的大豆皂甙和大豆异黄酮提取物的抗氧化性能进行了比较系统的评价.     

高效液相色谱-光电二极管阵列检测器法测定野山楂中两组分的含量

【摘要】 建立高效液相色谱法测定了野山楂中乌索酸和齐墩果酸的含量,同时采用光电二极管阵列检测器检测两组分的紫外光谱。色谱柱为NucleosilC18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(87:13,V/V),流速0.8ml/min,检测波长210nm,柱温26℃。乌索酸在0.1244～2.488μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9996),平均回收率为98.1%。齐墩果酸在0.1192～2.384μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率为101.2%。方法简便、准确、重现性好、线性范围宽,适用于测定野山楂中乌索酸和齐墩果酸的含量。     

Quinoa saponins—analysis and preliminary investigations into the effects of reduction by processing

A gas chromatographic method has been developed for the analysis of saponins in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). The method, which involves separation and quantitation of the trimethylsilylated sapogenols, has been applied to the analysis of the UK-grown crop obtained by selection from lowland Chilean ecotypes. Total saponin contents of 1·03 and 1·19% were found for material grown in 1987 and 1988. The major aglycone in the quinoa saponin mixture was identified as phytolaccagenic acid (>40% total), with hederagenin (～25%) and oleanolic acid (30%) aglycones also being present. The effects of washing and abrasion on total and individual saponin content were investigated; the data obtained suggest differential cellular locations of the individual saponins. The processing of quinoa led to changes in sensory characteristics; removal of saponins was associated with reductions in bitterness and astringency. Microscopic analysis revealed considerable differences in washed and abraded samples, both before and after cooking; in particular the abraded samples showed a greater degree of cellular disruption.     

AB-8树脂法提取大豆皂苷的研究

以脱脂大豆为原料 ,研究了 AB-8大孔吸附树脂提取和纯化大豆皂苷的方法。确定了最佳乙醇浸泡浓度为 4 0 % ,最佳流速为 2 .4 ml/ min,最佳乙醇洗脱浓度为 50 % ,建立了AB-8树脂提取大豆皂苷的方法。测定了 AB-8树脂的吸附容量为 1 0 3 .2 mg/ g,大豆皂苷的提取率为 90 %。     

Characterization and Quantitation of Triterpenoid Saponins in Raw and Sprouted Chenopodium berlandieri spp. (Huauzontle) Grains Subjected to Germination with or without Selenium Stress Conditions

Pseudocereal Chenopodium berlandieri spp. (huauzontle) was evaluated to determine saponin composition. Saponins were evaluated in raw and germinated grains subjected to chemical stress induced by sodium selenite. Analysis by liquid chromatography coupled with ELSD detector revealed the presence of 12 saponins, identified according to compounds previously assayed in Chenopodium quinoa. Saponins found at the highest concentrations in raw grains were derived from oleanolic and phytolaccagenic acids. Total saponin concentration significantly decreased in germinated compared to raw grains due to the significant loss of 90.1% and 95.7% of the phytolaccagenic acid without and with chemical selenium stress, respectively. The most abundant saponin in germinated sprouts decreased during normal germination. Interestingly, the concentration of this particular saponin significantly increased during the Se‐induced stress germination. Chemical stress with selenium salts proved to change the saponin composition in geminated Chenopodium berlandieri spp. grains, therefore affecting their potential use as ingredient in the food industry.     

超声提取米邦塔仙人掌总皂苷的工艺优化

目的：确定米邦塔仙人掌总皂苷含量的测定方法,优化超声提取条件。方法：以齐墩果酸为标准品,通过比色法测定总皂苷的含量,用单因素试验和正交试验优化超声提取条件。结果：总皂苷含量测定方法的精密度和稳定性的相对标准偏差分别为1.13% 和0.52%,回收率达到99.17%,相对标准偏差为1.86%。最佳超声提取工艺条件为乙醇体积分数80%、料液比1:15(g/mL)、超声提取温度70℃、超声功率100W、超声提取时间70min。结论：总皂苷含量测定方法简单、易行、准确,超声提取工艺高效经济、快捷,易于推广。     

[Bmim]BF4-Na2SO4双水相体系萃取葡萄皮渣中齐墩果酸

利用1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([Bmim]BF4)和硫酸钠(Na2SO4)离子液体双水相萃取分离葡萄皮中齐墩果酸,分别对[Bmim]BF4、Na2SO4、齐墩果酸质量分数、萃取温度、pH值、低级醇进行了研究,确定双水相体系组成为18%[Bmim]BF4-16%Na2SO4,在25 ℃条件下,加入质量分数10%齐墩果酸、体积分数2%无水乙醇,调节pH 4.0,齐墩果酸萃取率可达97.9%,分配系数为16.58。利用这项技术有望为从天然植物中提取有效药用成分开辟一条崭新的思路。     

紫外分光光度法测定大豆异黄酮含量

大豆异黄酮有12种,母核结构均是3-苯基色原酮,在260 nm有最大吸收,可用紫外分光光度法测定异黄酮含量.以大豆苷元(Daidzein)作标准品绘制标准曲线,建立回归方程,相关系数r=0.9941,方法回收率100.4%,变异系数0.25%,证明方法可靠性好、重现性高.     

北五味子提取液清除DPPH自由基的作用

研究北五味子提取液对DPPH自由基的清除作用。以芦丁和齐墩果酸为标准品测定提取液中总黄酮和齐墩果酸含量;采用分光光度法分析提取液清除DPPH自由基的作用,并与Vc进行比较。北五味子提取液中总黄酮和齐墩果酸的含量分别为49.80μg/mL和235.92μg/mL;随着浓度的增加,提取液对DPPH自由基的清除率也增加,呈现一定的量效关系;同浓度下,北五味子提取液及Vc对DPPH自由基的清除率为77.23%和94.55%。北五味子提取液对DPPH自由基有很好的清除作用,是一种有前途的天然抗氧化剂。     

Occurrence of saponins and sapogenols in Andean crops

Samples of bitter seeds of local ecotypes and cultivars of lupin (Lupin mutabilis), white and yellow ecotypes of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Wild) and a local ecotype of amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus) grown in the Peruvian highlands were analysed for total saponin content and sapogenol composition. Sweet cultivars of L albus and L luteus cultivated in mild-rainy lowlands of Chile were also analysed for comparison. Fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) of the saponin extracts and gas chromatography (GC) analysis of the sapogenols after acid hydrolysis of the crude extract-were used for the identification and quantification of saponins. It was found that L albus and amaranth had undetectable levels of saponins making them attractive for human consumption. The cultivars and ecotypes of L mutabilis contained saponin levels in the range of 229.8–390.5 mg k^?1. FAB-MS showed the presence of soya saponins I and II, whereas GC allowed the identification of soya sapogenols A and B. The same saponin composition was determined in L luteus whose total content was 55.3 mg kg^?1. Saponin composition in quinoa seeds comprised oleanolic acid and three other sapogenols identified as hederagenin, phytolaccagenic acid and deoxyphytolaccagenic acid. Oleanolic acid saponins were found to be the main class of saponin in quinoa seeds sampled for this study. The yellow ecotype of quinoa presented a significantly higher content of saponins and of oleanolic acid as compared to white ecotypes. Since only one ecotype of amaranth was analysed, the nutritional significance of no detectable saponin needs further study. It was concluded that the environmental conditions in the Peruvian highlands are determinants of the amount and composition of saponins present in bitter lupine and quinoa.     

基于UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS的藜麦皂苷提取物及入血成分分析

运用超高效液相色谱-四级杆-静电场轨道离子阱联用质谱(UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS)对藜麦皂苷提取物的主要化学成分及大鼠口服入血成分进行分析鉴定。采用Hypersil Gold VANQUISH C₁₈色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm),流动相为甲酸水-甲酸乙腈梯度洗脱,柱温30℃,分析时间35 min,流速0.3 mL·min^-1。采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),正、负离子源,Full ms/dd-ms²模式检测。结果显示方法的回收率、基质效应、精密度和稳定性等均符合生物样品的测定要求。在藜麦皂苷提取物中共鉴定到15种皂苷,按苷元构型分为齐墩果酸型皂苷3种,常春藤型皂苷5种,商陆酸型皂苷6种,Serjanic acid型皂苷1种。选用雄性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠,以175.5 mg·kg^-1灌胃给予藜麦皂苷提取物,于给药后0、0.5、1、2、4 h下,眼眶取血,大鼠血浆以盐酸丁螺环酮为内标,用甲醇沉淀蛋白,离心,微孔滤膜过滤后进样分析。结果显示在入血成分中共...