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1.
通过纯化蛋清中主要成分卵清蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA),制备抗OVA多克隆抗体,利用制备的抗体建立鱼糜制品中蛋清定量检测的竞争性酶联免疫吸附测定方法(competitive enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay,c-ELISA)。十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰氨凝胶电泳和Western blot结果显示,制备的抗OVA多克隆抗体特异性良好。以热处理的OVA为竞争抗原建立的c-ELISA法检测限为1.82 mg/kg,组内变异系数为3.1%,组间变异系数为7.8%,回收率为87.4%~97.2%,表明建立的方法重复性好,准确性较高。利用建立的方法对6种商品化的鱼糜制品进行检测,发现其蛋清的添加量在2.7~83.5 g/kg之间。本研究为今后鱼糜制品中蛋清含量规范标识的监管提供了重要的技术支持。  相似文献   

2.
《食品与发酵工业》2013,(9):101-105
以大豆蛋白(SPI)、谷朊粉(WG)为对照品,研究亚麻粕分离蛋白(FPI)对鱼糜制品凝胶特性、色泽特性和持水性的影响,应用响应面法探索亚麻粕分离蛋白(FPI)、亚麻胶(FG)、卡拉胶(KCG)复合应用于鱼糜制品的最优添加配比。结果表明:向鱼糜制品中单独添加FPI可提高鱼糜的凝胶强度、持水性;响应面分析得到添加FPI 11.01%、FG 0.34%、KCG 0.30%,鱼糜的凝胶强度为4 935.03 g·mm,是对照组的1.57倍。  相似文献   

3.
南极磷虾肉糜对海水鱼糜制品挥发性风味成分的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
将南极磷虾肉糜分别添加到3种海水鱼糜(白姑鱼糜、带鱼糜和杂鱼糜)中制成复合鱼糜制品;采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS)技术结合相对气味活度值(ROAV)法,分析磷虾糜添加对海水鱼糜制品挥发性风味成分的影响。添加磷虾糜能增加鱼糜制品中挥发性成分的种类;磷虾糜中低感觉阈值的醛类和含硫化合物则能改变鱼糜制品的关键风味成分。白姑鱼糜制品中ROAV10的关键风味成分为(E,Z)-2,6-壬二烯醛、癸醛和辛醛;而来源于磷虾糜的二甲基三硫醚和3-甲基丁醛在磷虾糜-白姑鱼糜复合鱼糜制品中的ROAV分别达到97.30和25.95,对复合鱼糜制品的整体风味贡献巨大。磷虾糜和不同海水鱼糜复合加工成的复合鱼糜制品均以虾香、甜香味为主,且具有相似的关键风味成分组成;(E,Z)-2,6-壬二烯醛、二甲基三硫醚、癸醛和3-甲基丁醛是3种复合鱼糜制品共有的特征性风味成分。  相似文献   

4.
为建立用于快速检测粮油样品中黄曲霉毒素B1药物残留含量的胶体金免疫层析检测试剂,采用免疫竞争法,将抗黄曲霉毒素B1单克隆抗体-胶体金复合物包被在微孔中,并将人工合成的黄曲霉毒素B1抗原包被在硝酸纤维素膜(NC膜)表面作为检测线(T线).待测样品中的黄曲霉毒素B1残留物将与NC膜上的黄曲霉毒素B1抗原竞争结合胶体金标记的抗黄曲霉毒素B1单克隆抗体,并以颜色直观显示检测结果.检测食用油样品时,灵敏度可达到0.5 μg/L,仅需20 min.试验证明该检测试剂具有较高的灵敏度及很好的特异性,操作便捷,稳定可靠,可作为黄曲霉毒素B1残留现场监控的有效快速筛检手段.  相似文献   

5.
酶联免疫法检测呕吐毒素的方法研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
龚燕  孙秀兰  邵景东 《食品科学》2007,28(10):473-476
目的:利用抗呕吐毒素的特异性单克隆抗体和包被抗原,建立间接竞争酶联免疫法(ELISA)来检测谷物及其制品中呕吐毒素含量。方法:通过方阵滴定实验确定呕吐毒素最佳抗体浓度和最佳包被抗原浓度,应用酶联免疫测试盒对谷物及其制品中的呕吐毒素进行定量检测的方法学评价,来确立该方法的各项技术指标。结果:方法的最低检测浓度10μg/L;平均RSD为5.8%;回收率平均值为104%;用该方法研制的测试盒在4℃环境下可稳定6个月以上;检测时间小于2h;结论:该方法简便、安全、灵敏度高、重复性好、特异性强、能定性和定量检测谷物及其制品中的呕吐毒素含量。  相似文献   

6.
本文研究了冷冻鱼糜中微生物谷氨酰胺转胺酶(MTG)的双抗体夹心酶联免疫检测方法(sandwich-ELISA法),以抗MTG兔多抗为包被抗体,抗MTG鼠单抗为检测抗体,再结合HRP标记的抗IgG1二抗,构成sandwich-ELISA检测方法,对冷冻鱼糜中是否添加MTG进行定量检测,防止冷冻鱼糜原料掺假。实验结果表明,包被抗体的最佳工作浓度是2.00μg/mL,检测抗体的最佳工作浓度为0.10μg/mL,酶标二抗的最佳稀释倍数为1:5000。方法的检测限为20 ng/mL,该检测方法在0.6 mg/mL~10 mg/mL范围内OD450值与MTG浓度的log值呈线性关系。建立掺假冷冻鱼糜样品模拟体系,测定其中MTG的添加量:MTG的添加回收率为94%以上,测定过程中回收率结果的板内变异系数为1.12%~4.02%,板间变异系数为5.43%~6.87%。经试验证明该方法灵敏度高,样品前处理简便,适用于冷冻鱼糜中MTG的定量检测。  相似文献   

7.
随着鱼糜加工业的发展,消费者对鱼糜及鱼糜制品的质量要求也越来越高。水分是鱼糜及鱼糜制品中含量最高的营养素,水分含量的高低及其存在状态直接影响鱼糜及鱼糜制品的品质。鱼糜及鱼糜制品中的水分存在状态包括自由水、结合水和不易流动水;影响因素有加工方式和不同添加物,包括漂洗方式、加热方式、超高压、超声法以及淀粉、谷氨酰胺转氨酶、茶多酚、大豆分离蛋白、磷酸盐、谷朊粉;测定方法有常压干燥法、持水力、低场核磁等。本文综述了鱼糜及鱼糜制品中的水分含量及水分存在状态、影响因素及其测定方法,旨在为鱼糜及鱼糜制品品质的控制提供参考。  相似文献   

8.
鱼糜制品工艺技术的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
鱼糜制品(鱼肉、鱼肉糜制品)在日本相当发达,耗用的原料占总鱼获量的25%,据统计1977年鱼糜制品生产量为108.9万吨。鱼糜制品分生鱼糜与熟鱼糜两类。鱼糕、竹轮、鱼饼等鱼糜制品是日本1950年前的传统食品,1950年后建立鱼糜制品工业性的大量生  相似文献   

9.
添加非肌肉蛋白对鱼糜制品品质影响的初步研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
实验采用质构分析法、色差分析法及感官评价法研究了大豆分离蛋白(SPI)、谷朊粉(GP)、乳清浓缩蛋白(WPC)对鱼糜制品品质的影响。结果表明:添加一定量的3种非肌肉蛋白可以明显地提高鱼糜制品的破断强度、凝胶强度、持水性和口感,但均降低了制品的凹陷深度和白度。以凝胶强度为优化值对3种非肌肉蛋白进行响应面优化后,确定了鱼糜制品的蛋白添加条件为:SPI 9.7%、GP 9.9%、WPC 7.6%,实际凝胶强度为(3 855.012±260.682)g.mm。  相似文献   

10.
为自主研制抗恩诺沙星的高亲和力、高特异性单克隆抗体, 提供动物源食品中恩诺沙星药物残留生物学快速检验方法试剂, 利用碳二亚胺法(carbodiimide, EDC)制备恩诺沙星(enrofloxacin, ENR)的人工抗原, 免疫Balb/c小鼠, 采用PEG融合法, 通过有限稀释法筛选出抗恩诺沙星的单克隆抗体, 获得了两株抗恩诺沙星的单克隆抗体(克隆号:6A4和8D6).经过离子交换法纯化得到的抗体纯度在95%以上, 其中, 纯化后的6A4抗体在1 mg/mL时, 效价达到1.28×10-5, 8E6抗体在1 mg/mL时, 效价达到1.024×10-6.两株单克隆抗体与环丙沙星的交叉反应率为1.5%, 与其他氟喹诺酮类药物不反应.在酶联免疫法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)中, 6A4和8E6抗体的检测限分别为3.125 μg/kg和0.3 μg/kg.采用的半抗原合成以及单克隆抗体筛选的方法可以获得高灵敏度、高特异性的抗恩诺沙星的单克隆抗体, 经后续研究证实单克隆抗体(8E6)可以用于免疫胶体金和酶联免疫法检测食品中残留的恩诺沙星.  相似文献   

11.
Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.  相似文献   

12.
An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.  相似文献   

13.
The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.  相似文献   

14.
The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.  相似文献   

15.
A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.  相似文献   

16.
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in the detection of the adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum. For CE analyses, standards of locust bean and guar gums were extracted with 30% CH3CN, removing the residual proteins from the gum matrix. A 8.75 mM NaH2PO4-20.6 mM Na2B4O7 buffer, pH 9, was used to separate these proteins and to identify marker proteins that were present in the guar gum. These markers did not co-migrate with components in the extracts of mechanically processed locust bean gum, and are used as indicators of adulteration. Using PLM with toluidine blue and iodine staining techniques, unadulterated locust bean gum samples were distinguished from mixed samples through the differential staining of components in locust bean versus guar and tara gums. These experiments in the use of CE and PLM provide orthogonal and complementary methods for the verification of 'true' positives and the elimination of 'false' positives.  相似文献   

17.
18.
BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H2O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.  相似文献   

19.
An investigation is described in which various polyfunctional compounds were applied to wool in attempts to stabilize the temporary improvements in wrinkle-recovery brought about by ‘annealing’. Several reactive systems involving formaldehyde were found to produce the desired permanently improved wrinkle-recovery.  相似文献   

20.
A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.  相似文献   

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