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丝胶蛋白质离子交换回收方法的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
介绍了一种用阴离子交换纤维来回收丝胶蛋白质的方法.蚕丝精练一般是在碱性条件下进行,精练处理后丝胶蛋白带有负电荷,与阴离子交换纤维上的正电荷之间有静电吸引力作用,被吸附到阴离子交换纤维上;当用酸浸泡时,丝胶蛋白上的负电荷被中和或转变成正电荷,与阴离子交换纤维之间的静电引力作用消失或产生静电斥力,而从阴离子交换纤维上解析.研究了丝胶蛋白质对阴离子交换纤维的吸附性能以及从阴离子交换纤维上解析丝胶蛋白质的最佳条件. 相似文献
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丝胶蛋白原料非常丰富且性能优异,如今其在化妆品、食品、医药和生物材料等方面已展现出优良的开发潜能。文章阐述了丝胶蛋白的组成和前人对其结构的研究,介绍了蚕丝丝胶固着原理和丝胶固着工艺目前的进展;汇总了对天然丝胶蛋白、丝胶复合材料、丝胶改性材料和再生丝胶蛋白材料的生物性能的应用研究方面的进展,并提出了当前存在的问题及今后的研究方向,以期能进一步应用丝胶,将丝胶蛋白变废为宝,获得更好的社会效益和经济效益。 相似文献
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丝胶(SS)具有良好的生物相容性,但水溶性较高,材料成型性差,限制了其在生物材料领域的应用。文章通过辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)和过氧化氢(H 2O 2)协同催化丝胶蛋白分子间交联,并在此基础上制备丝胶蛋白膜材料。测定反应前后丝胶蛋白相对分子质量与二级结构变化,考察丝胶蛋白膜的水溶性、热性能及机械性能。结果表明:丝胶中酪氨酸残基能被HRP-H 2O 2体系催化氧化,引发丝胶蛋白分子间交联和相对分子质量增加,丝胶蛋白的二级结构由无定形结构向β构象转变。与未处理的丝胶膜相比,经酶促交联改性的丝胶膜水溶性下降,热性能和机械性能有所改善。 相似文献
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缫丝废液提取丝胶蛋白质
目前缫丝厂每生产1吨白厂丝和相关副产品加工约需要用700吨水,所排放的废水中溶解性污染物以丝胶蛋白质为主,其COD的贡献率在80%以上。 相似文献
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为了改善再生丝胶蛋白材料的成型性与功能性,文章借助TGase酶和壳寡糖进行丝胶蛋白改性,探究了酶促反应中丝胶蛋白相对分子质量和体系中氨质量浓度的变化,分析了催化接枝壳寡糖对丝胶膜力学性能、成型性、抗氧化性和抗菌性能的影响。结果表明:TGase酶能催化丝胶接枝壳寡糖,酶促反应后丝胶相对分子质量增大,体系中氨质量浓度提高;与丝胶/壳寡糖的共混膜相比,酶促丝胶接枝壳寡糖后制备的风干膜机械性能增加,水相中溶失率降低,对大肠杆菌的抗菌性较好。高温高压法脱胶与碱法脱胶相比,以前者为原料制备的丝胶膜材料具有更好的应用性能。 相似文献
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丝绸废水经过真空浓缩和喷雾干燥制成粗粉末。采用酸析法和低温乙醇沉淀法对粗粉末中的丝胶进行提取,结果表明:低温乙醇沉淀法的提取率较高,采用体积分数为75%的乙醇溶液提取率达到64%。理化性质分析结果表明,低温乙醇沉淀法提取的丝胶蛋白含量高达90%以上,溶解度有所下降,灰分含量降低,蚕腥味被去除。应用圆二色光谱和红外光谱研究2种方法提取的丝胶二级结构分子构象的变化,结果显示提取得到的丝胶蛋白分子构象以无规卷曲为主,β转角构象的比例增加。研究结果表明,低温乙醇沉淀法是一种简便有效提取丝胶的方法。 相似文献
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实验旨在明确从废水中回收的丝胶蛋白的氨基酸组成、二级结构及功能性质,为其进一步开发应用提供参考。实验通过圆二色谱仪及傅立叶红外光谱仪探究丝胶蛋白的结构,利用紫外分光光度计及荧光探针等方法探究丝胶蛋白的溶解性、乳化性及表面疏水性等性质。结果表明:丝胶蛋白含有16种氨基酸,其中极性氨基酸占80.41%;丝胶蛋白二级结构以无规卷曲为主,占总量的41.6%,其次是β-折叠和β-转角,分别占30.5%和23.6%,α-螺旋仅占4.3%;丝胶蛋白溶解性优于大豆分离蛋白,还具有良好的乳化和起泡性及持油性。 相似文献
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Tipawan Thongsook Waree Tiyaboonchai 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2011,46(10):2052-2061
Sericin, a water‐soluble globular protein derived from silk industry wastewater, was investigated for food industrial applications. The results proved that sericin retarded polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity. However, the degree of inhibition varied depending on the enzyme origins, the types of substrate, sericin content and sericin molecular size. Using catechol as a substrate, under the conditions studied, sericin lowered purified mushroom PPO and apple extract PPO activity by 40% and mango extract PPO by 75%. Kinetic studies on purified mushroom PPO indicated that the type of inhibition of sericin was dependent on the substrates used. Inhibitory effects of sericin increased as the sericin content increased. The reduction in sericin molecular size by enzymatic hydrolysis produced sericin hydrolysate with ability to decrease PPO activity approximately three times greater than that of sericin. Fresh‐cut Red Delicious apples coated with sericin showed significant reduction in weight loss and improvement in the colour and texture. 相似文献
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Rungsinee Sothornvit & Rungsima Chollakup 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2009,44(7):1395-1400
Sericin is a natural silk protein which is removed from silk in a process called degumming. Thus, finding a use for the extracted sericin as a biopolymer film will create added value which will benefit both the economy and society. It was found that extracted sericin could not form stand-alone films. Therefore, glucomannan was incorporated with or without glycerol to form a flexible film. Sericin and glucomannan ratio (S:G) affected film properties. Increasing sericin content (S:G = 2:1) slightly reduced film water vapour permeability (WVP) without adding glycerol (Gly). This indicated that sericin provided film flexibility without increasing film WVP. As expected, increasing glycerol content increased film WVP as well as decreased tensile strength and elastic modulus but increased dramatically % elongation. It is interesting that adding beeswax to form a composite film did not improve film water vapour barrier. Thus, sericin-based film properties are dependent on components used to form film and can tailor to form the desired film flexibility and minimise permeability of films for application. 相似文献
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探讨碱预处理对丝胶蛋白氧化棉织物断裂强力和折皱性的影响。将自制的二醛棉织物和二醛碱化棉织物分别进行了丝胶处理,比较了两种织物在不同氧化条件下的醛基含量和丝胶处理后的增重率、断裂强力及折皱回复性。研究表明,随着氧化剂浓度的增加,氧化棉织物的醛基含量不断增加,使得丝胶蛋白与棉的结合量逐渐提高,丝胶蛋白棉织物抗皱性也随之增加,但氧化程度的增加使其力学性能不断下降。指出:通过引入碱预处理可有效提高氧化棉织物的醛基含量,使其与丝胶蛋白的结合量进一步增加,丝胶蛋白棉织物抗皱性得到较大幅度提高,同时氧化所致的织物断裂强力损失也可得到减缓。 相似文献
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In this study, we developed a new effective technology for the extraction of sericin from silk wastewater. Sericin was extracted with 75% (v/v) ethanol to obtain crude powder. The chemical composition of sericin powder, including protein, sugar, ash, and amino acid, was assayed in detail. The molecular weight distribution of sericin was also investigated by gel filtration chromatography, sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE), and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analytical methods. The results suggested that sericin represented a family of proteins with wide-ranging molecular weight distribution. The conformation changed in the course of ethanol precipitation was studied by circular dichroism (CD) analysis. Data implied that the major conformation of sericin protein was random coil, which decreased slightly after being treated with ethanol, and the appearance of β-Turn conformation maybe associated with the packing of molecular chains induced by ethanol. Furthermore, sericin was found to inhibit tyrosinase activity when chlorogenic acid was used as a substrate, and had obvious radical scavenging effects with the 2.2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) assay. Result suggested that sericin might be a valuable ingredient for food. 相似文献