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1.
《粮食与油脂》2016,(2):19-22
研究了利用分子蒸馏法脱除油脂中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂(PAEC)的工艺条件和脱除效果。结果显示,在刮膜转速190 r/min,进料速率50滴/min、蒸馏温度200℃的分子蒸馏条件下,油脂中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯(DEHP)的脱除率分别达到46.5%、68.1%、96.0%、97.3%、71.5%,残留量分别为0.927、0.536、0.246、0.179、0.853 mg/kg。DBP、DEHP残留量达到并优于国标限量要求(≤0.3 mg/kg、≤1.5 mg/kg)。与水蒸汽蒸馏法脱除植物油脂中塑化剂相比,分子蒸馏法能在较低温度和很短时间条件下高效脱除油脂中的PAEs,尤其是对DBP和DEHP的脱除效果显著。  相似文献   

2.
邻苯二甲酸盐对人体健康有一定的威胁,因此食品及饮品中其含量有一定的限度,这类化合物性质类似植物油且有一定的挥发性,因此采取GC-MS法测定白酒中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯(DINP)等邻苯二甲酸盐的含量,并对对白酒中DBP,DEHP,DINP测量结果的不确定度进行了评定。结果表明,白酒样品中DBP,DEHP,DINP含量的合成不确定度和扩展不确定度分别为0.004 mg/kg,0.008 mg/kg,0.004 mg/kg和0.008 mg/kg,0.016 mg/kg,0.008 mg/kg。  相似文献   

3.
目的分析青岛市北区主要食品中邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)含量水平,计算本区居民膳食暴露水平并进行初步风险评估。方法全区采集7类样品共281份,采用气相色谱-质谱法测定食品中DEHP和DBP的含量。利用食品中DEHP和DBP的平均含量,同时结合居民平均食物消费量,计算7类食品的DEHP和DBP的膳食暴露水平,并分别与DEHP和DBP的每日可耐受摄入量(tolerable daily intake,TDI)比较,初步评估市北区居民主要食品中DEHP和DBP的暴露风险。结果 7类食品中DEHP和DBP的含量范围分别为0.00~5.90和0.00~7.20 mg/kg BW。市北区居民经7类食品中DEHP和DBP暴露量分别为0.006 927和0.005 558mg/kg BW,均未超过相应的TDI。结论市北区居民经7类食品摄入DEHP和DBP的的健康风险较低。  相似文献   

4.
通过猪油品质对比分析优化猪油制备工艺。将猪肥膘和猪板油按2 个质量比(1∶4和2∶3)混合,考察加水量及炼制温度对猪油感官品质、酸价和过氧化值的影响;采用气相色谱-质谱联用和电子舌技术分析以最佳工艺制作的2 种猪油风味间的差别。结果表明:猪油的最佳制作工艺为加水量2%、炼制温度160 ℃、炼制时间15 min;2 种猪油中共鉴定出75 种风味化合物,包括酮类、醛类、酸类、醇类、酯类、烷烃和其他杂环化合物共7 类,2 个不同原料配比猪油样品中各风味物质的种类及含量存在差异,醛类化合物含量均较高,其次是酸类及醇类化合物;电子舌检测结果表明,2 种猪油挥发性风味差异显著,猪肥膘、猪板油质量比1∶4的样品滋味优于猪肥膘、猪板油质量比2∶3的样品。炼制原料、炼制工艺对猪油成品的感官、理化及风味品质有显著影响。  相似文献   

5.
采用高效液相色谱法测定奶茶杯内膜材料中的邻苯二甲酸(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二辛脂(DOP)3种增塑剂向脂溶性模拟液(牛奶、植物油、异辛烷)中的迁移溶出量。结果表明,奶茶杯内膜材料经过脂溶性模拟液浸泡后有DEHP和DBP的检出,DOP未检出,DBP检出量在欧盟指令2007/19/EC的规定范围内,DEHP检出量远大于英国农渔食品部规定的的每日耐受量。  相似文献   

6.
目的通过对烟台市居民饮料及白酒中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)含量检测分析,计算烟台市居民膳食暴露风险并进行初步评价。方法在烟台市采集饮料和白酒样品共385份,采用气相色谱-质谱法测定饮料及白酒中DBP和DEHP的含量。利用饮料及白酒中DBP和DEHP的平均含量,结合居民平均食物消费量,计算烟台市居民经饮料和白酒摄入的DBP和DEHP水平,并分别与DBP和DEHP的每日可耐受摄入量(TDI)进行比较,初步评估烟台市居民经饮料及白酒摄入的DBP和DEHP的健康风险。结果饮料及白酒中DBP和DEHP含量范围分别为未检出(ND)~4.106和ND~3.285 mg/kg。烟台市居民饮料和白酒中DBP和DEHP暴露量分别为0.038和0.031μg/kg BW,远远低于健康指导值。结论烟台市居民经饮料及白酒摄入DBP和DEHP的健康风险较低。  相似文献   

7.
邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)是塑料中常用的一类添加剂,对人体的免疫系统、生殖系统、神经系统都有一定的伤害。以塑料食品接触材料为研究对象,通过10%乙醇、4%乙酸、50%乙醇和异辛烷为食品模拟物研究邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二环己酯(DCHP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP)迁移。结果表明:DBP是最容易迁移出的一种增塑剂,在四种模拟物中DBP迁出量大小依次为异辛烷50%乙醇4%乙酸10%乙醇。PAEs迁移量随着接触时间的延长和接触温度的升高而增加。  相似文献   

8.
温度对食品级PVC中4种增塑剂迁移量的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以食品包装材料聚氯乙烯(PVC)为研究对象,研究PVC中邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP)4种增塑剂在30℃~80℃条件下,水、乙酸、乙醇、正己烷4种模拟液中的迁移情况。结果表明,此4种增塑剂都在正己烷的环境下迁移量最大,并且在各种食品模拟液中的迁移量均随温度的升高而增大。  相似文献   

9.
采用固相萃取-气相色谱法测定9种不同食品塑料包装材料中的6种邻苯二甲酸酯[邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯(BBP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)、邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯(DNOP)]的含量。结果表明,回收率介于83.2%~106.9%区间,相对标准偏差(RSD)介于1.6%~6.2%区间。9种抽检的食品塑料包装材料中全部检出了邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs),其中DBP存在于所有抽检样品中,且66.67%的样品中含有DEHP,检出的邻苯二甲酸酯类物质的含量均高于欧洲规定的每天0.3 mg/kg体重的标准。  相似文献   

10.
通过气相色谱质谱法对塑料笔杆中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯(BBP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP)、邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯(DNOP)、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯(DINP)、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯(DIDP)六种邻苯二甲酸酯进行检测,结果发现DEHP的检出率为40%,DBP的检出率为10%,BBP、DINP、DIDP的检出率为5%;并对检测结果进行风险分析,结果发现8批次DEHP中有3批次暴露量的值高于参考剂量0.02 mg/Kg/d,危害商值大于1的样品也有3批次。由此可见,塑料笔杆中邻苯二甲酸酯对儿童的身体健康造成影响的可能性比较大,为保证儿童的身体健康,建议购买质量好的塑料笔杆。  相似文献   

11.
Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.  相似文献   

12.
An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.  相似文献   

13.
The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.  相似文献   

14.
The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.  相似文献   

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16.
A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.  相似文献   

17.
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in the detection of the adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum. For CE analyses, standards of locust bean and guar gums were extracted with 30% CH3CN, removing the residual proteins from the gum matrix. A 8.75 mM NaH2PO4-20.6 mM Na2B4O7 buffer, pH 9, was used to separate these proteins and to identify marker proteins that were present in the guar gum. These markers did not co-migrate with components in the extracts of mechanically processed locust bean gum, and are used as indicators of adulteration. Using PLM with toluidine blue and iodine staining techniques, unadulterated locust bean gum samples were distinguished from mixed samples through the differential staining of components in locust bean versus guar and tara gums. These experiments in the use of CE and PLM provide orthogonal and complementary methods for the verification of 'true' positives and the elimination of 'false' positives.  相似文献   

18.
An investigation is described in which various polyfunctional compounds were applied to wool in attempts to stabilize the temporary improvements in wrinkle-recovery brought about by ‘annealing’. Several reactive systems involving formaldehyde were found to produce the desired permanently improved wrinkle-recovery.  相似文献   

19.
BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H2O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.  相似文献   

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