3D机织物拉伸强度理论研究现状与发展

将复合材料强度这一概念引入到作为复合材料预制件的三维(3D)机织物上,综述近年来对于3D机织复合材料及其预制件拉伸性能研究的代表性文献,阐述在机织物强力及复合材料强度研究理论中与预制件强度研究相关或者类似的理论,指出3D机织物拉伸试验研究的趋势。     

组合式3D机织增强复合材料树脂渗透性

 通过对玻纤进行包缠设计并在普通二维织机上试制了组合式3D机织结构预制件,采用真空辅助成型工艺研制了复合材料。同时采用光学显微镜和SEM分别对织造中玻纤断裂情况和树脂在复合材料成型过程中的渗透性进行了研究。     

多重纬角连锁三维机织物结构设计

分析了用于复合材料预制件的三维机织物的结构与成形类别，阐述了利用普通织机制织的多重纬角连锁三维机织物的结构特征、组织结构设计要点及一种特殊变化。     

组合式3D机织物复合材料的拉伸性能

 采用正交和角联锁结构进行组合设计,并使用玻璃纤维试织了2种不同结构的组合式3D立体机织物,经与树脂复合制成增强复合材料,对其拉伸性能进行了测试。结果表明,组合式3D机织物增强复合材料具有接近正交3D机织物增强复合材料的弹性模量和抗拉强度。     

局部管状横机织物复合材料预制件的开发

通过介绍局部管状横机织物复合材料预制件的结构与工艺设计,分析了影响局部管状结构部分的因素并进行了试织。对局部管状横机织物复合材料预制件进行结构与工艺设计,通过变换不同纱线、调整参与编织的横列数、双面管状编织等方式可实现多种复合材料预制件的编织。局部管状横机织物复合材料预制件一次热压成型可形成多层薄板,整体性强,效率高,性能好,具有广阔的市场前景。     

田字形立体机织物的研究及织造

为得到日益广泛应用于产业用纺织品领域的田字形结构立体机织物预制件,采用压扁法使字形中的竖线压平,与横线组成2层或4层织物,再仔细组合投梭路线使每层织物均织入两纬,从而得到完整的立体字形结构.通过样品试织,阐述了利用二维织机织制田字形复合材料预制件的织造方法、重点与难点,实物显示采用压扁及组合投梭路线的方法得到立体字形织物切实可行.     

对组合式3D机织复合材料纵向拉伸性能的研究

设计并在一般剑杆织机上试织7种不同结构的组合式3D预制件,采用真空辅助成型工艺分别制作这7种复合材料,同时测试各种试样的拉伸性能.在增强体经向截面上经纱总根数（包括垂纱）相同的情况下,研究了试样的结构、结构单元及纬纱层数对材料纵向拉伸性能的影响.     

3D机织立体机织预成形体及其复合材料的研制

本项目采用增强纤维(包括玻璃纤维、碳纤维、芳纶纤维、高强聚乙烯等)或增强纤维与热塑性树脂纤维所组成的混合纤维束,构建3D机织结构,研制渐变形、圆形、平板状及空芯结构等截面立体机织预成形体,用于试制3D机织物增强高性能复合材料,     

玻璃纤维增强复合材料棒材的性能研究

以玻璃纤维为原料，在普通平面织机上试织成功了圆形截面3D机织物。并采用手糊成型工艺，以不饱和聚酯树脂为基体，制得了单向纤维束增强复合材料棒材和圆形截面3D机织物增强复合材料棒材；对这些棒材的性能进行了测试与分析，结果表明：后者的抗冲击强度、层间剪切强度显著优于前者。     

普通织机织三维机织物的试验研究

通过样品试制，阐述了利用普通织机制织“T”、“十”、“工”、“日”型三维复合材料预制件的一种新的织造方法、原理和技术。     

三维机织物单元体结构模型的建立

建立了三维机织物单元体的结构模型。织物的结构模型是通过对织物断面的观察及一些基本假设而建立的。在此基础上计算了三维机织物单元体中的纱线长度、接结纱、经纱取向角及纤维体积分数,并将纤维体积分数的理论计算值与测试结果进行了比较,两者吻合较好,这表明本研究建立的三维机织物结构模型是正确的。     

角度联锁三维机织物的设计与生产

介绍了三维织物在国内外的应用及角度联锁三维机织物及其变化织物的特点与使用情况,重点对角度联锁三维机织物及其变化织物(加有衬型纱的角度联锁织物和正交机织物)的交织原理进行分析,对其织物组织结构、织物组织的设计要点以及织物形成过程进行了探讨.     

三维机织复合材料的结构与材料力学性能的关系

介绍了开发三维机织增强复合材料的目的 ,主要阐述了复合材料的预型件结构及其与力学性能 (纵向拉伸弹性模量 )之间的关系     

Production principles for a T-shaped 3D woven nodal structure (T-3DWNS)

The integrated three-dimensional (3D) woven nodal structure (3DWNS) is regarded as one category of 3D textile structure, and it has potential applications for creating lightweight composite truss structures. The conventional weaving technology has been adapted for the manufacture of a variety of 3DWNS’s. This allows the production, in the woven fabric plane, of either a two-dimensional (2D) flat solid form, or a 2D-shaped woven preform. Once the woven 2D form is removed from the tensions of the loom enables the transition from 2D into a 3D woven structure (2D-to-3D). This article introduces an innovative approach based on the conventional weaving principles for creating a fully integrated 3DWNS in a T-shape (T-3DWNS). This fabrication method provided the forming of a node point without distortion, whilst maintaining the circumference of the adjoining child strut to a main/parent strut. This eliminated the need for further joining processes to bond the truss structure together, providing a fully integrated and lighter textile truss structure for composites engineering. This article defines the design parameters and range of specifications for the production of the T-3DWNS and introduces derivative configurations for future development.     

三维机织热塑复合材料的弯曲性能测试与分析

对三维机织热塑复合材料的弯曲性能进行了测试和分析。研究结果表明,三维机织热塑复合材料预型件的结构(纱线的直径、三维机织物的结构)、预型件的预拉伸工艺(经纱和接结经的伸直程度)、复合成型工艺(成型压力)都对复合材料的弯曲性能有一定的影响。     

An experimental investigation into structure and properties of 3D-woven aramid and PBO fabrics

Three-dimensional (3D) fabrics are the focus of recent developments due to their versatile physical, structural attributes, and application scopes. These fabrics can be manufactured in various architectures which offer a great deal of opportunity to modify the weight, physical and mechanical properties, and cost of the various products. The potential usage of 3D woven fabrics in the ballistic protection applications was the main motivating factor of this research work. Thus, interest has been focused to investigate the structure and properties of 3D woven orthogonal fabrics with aramid fiber and PBO fiber in comparison with 2D fabrics. The investigation of ballistic properties of these fabrics showed that 3D woven fabrics are superior in terms of breaking load and energy absorption as compared to those of 2D woven fabrics. The specific ultimate tensile strength of 3D woven fabric was observed to be lower than 2D fabrics, which may be due to less number of load bearing yarns in the loading direction. The crimp percentages of the load bearing tows in 3D fabric are very less than that of 2D fabrics. Owing to the higher values of work at peak and load at peak, in knife penetration test, it is revealed that 3D fabrics offer better protection than 2D fabrics.     

Large-scale finite element analysis of a 3D angle-interlock woven composite undergoing low-cyclic three-point bending fatigue

This paper reports the large-scale finite element analysis (FEA) of a 3D angle-interlock layer-to-layer woven composite material undergoing low-cyclic three-point bending fatigue at microstructure level. A microstructure geometrical model of the 3D woven composite material was established to model the real structure of the woven composite. The fatigue behaviors of the 3D woven composite undergoing three-point bending with sinusoidal wave-form were investigated from experimental and FEA approaches. Based on displacement-controlled bending and inelastic hysteresis energy fatigue damage criterion, the interior deformation, energy absorption, and stress distribution characteristics during the fatigue process were analyzed. The different failure mechanisms and damage patterns of yarns and resin were discussed. The influence of the 3D woven structure on the fatigue behaviors was discussed. The fatigue damage morphologies and stiffness degradation were obtained to compare with the experimental results. The results show that the most of energy was absorbed by warp yarns. Stress concentration was emerged on the inclined part of warp yarns and the interface between yarns and resin. The damage morphologies from experimental and FEA results are in good agreement. The stiffness degradation curves also show the same tendency.     

机织物外观计算机模拟方法的探讨

评述了织物ＣＡＤ系统中机织物外观计算机模拟现状,指出了其存在的问题,提出建立在纱线实体模型基础上的织物外观三维计算机模拟方法,该方法不仅可以模拟织物结构参数变化时织物外观的变化,还为实现复杂组织结构的可视化奠定了基础。     

二维与三维机织复合材料力学性能的实验研究

对超厚三维正交机织复合材料及二维要织层合板人别进行了拉伸和压缩实验,研究比较了两种复合材料刚度和强度特性的差异研究发现无论是三维机织材料的拉压还是二维层合板的拉压应力应变曲线都近似为直线,而且具有脆性破坏的特点;三维复合材料的拉压强度要高于二维层合板.这主要是由于材料不同的增强相结构及纤维含量造成;不同的破坏模式对材料强度影响很大.