芳砜纶纤维的等离子体处理工艺探讨

为改善芳砜纶纤维的可纺性，对其施行低温常态等离子体处理，经数理统计分析处理前后纤维性能指标的测试数据：等离子体处理后芳砜纶纤维的体积比电阻有很大的降低、回潮率持平、动摩擦系数增大；处理工艺中极板隔距因素对芳砜纶纤维的动摩擦系数有显著性影响。     

空气低温等离子体对芳砜纶纤维表面改性研究

介绍了低温等离子体的应用原理并利用低温等离子体在空气条件下对芳砜纶纤维进行表面改性研究,并对改性后纤维的力学性能进行测试分析.纤维的润湿性能和摩擦系数有明显提高,断裂强力有一定的下降.     

低温等离子体对山羊绒表面改性的研究

研究了山羊绒纤维经低温等离子体表面改性处理前后,纤维表面形态的变化情况,探讨了经空气低温等离子体处理后,山羊绒纤维的断裂强力、断裂伸长率和上染百分率的变化.实验结果表明,山羊绒纤维随着处理时间的增加,其纤维的拉伸强度呈缓慢的下降趋势;随处理时间增加,纤维表面的凹凸增多,鳞片破损增加,同时,上染百分率随处理时间变长而有显著提高,当上染百分率提高到一定程度时不再提高,而略有下降趋势.此实验可为产业的技术进步提供一定的理论依据.     

芳砜纶阻燃纱线设计

将芳砜纶纤维分别与高强涤纶纤维、阻燃粘胶纤维按照不同比例混纺,测试混纺纱的强伸性能、外观质量和阻燃性。结果表明:芳砜纶/高强涤纶混纺纱中芳砜纶强力的临界混纺比为92.3%。随着高强涤纶比例的增加,混纺纱的断裂强力增加,断裂伸长率降低,条干不匀率及毛羽指数减少,阻燃性能下降且出现熔融现象。芳砜纶/阻燃粘胶混纺纱中阻燃粘胶强力的临界混纺比为73.8%。随着阻燃粘胶比例的增加,混纺纱的断裂强力及断裂伸长率降低,条干和毛羽有所改善,阻燃性能下降。     

芳砜纶耐日晒性能研究

芳砜纶可以广泛地应用于特种防护和室内装饰材料。通过对芳砜纶纱线和织物模拟日晒环境作用前后的机械性能、阻燃性能和颜色变化的分析研究,认为芳砜纶纱线拉伸强力随着日晒时间延长而下降;经日晒后未染色的原纱颜色变深而藏青色染色织物颜色变浅;经30h日晒后芳砜纶织物的阻燃性能变化很小。     

微波低温等离子体应用于人发拉伸的研究

利用微波低温等离子体对人发进行处理,用于人发的拉伸细化。通过正交试验优化等离子体处理工艺参数,如回潮率、真空度、处理功率和处理时间等,得到最优等离子体处理工艺。实验结果表明,人发用空气为气氛的等离子体处理,在回潮率4.2%、真空度30 Pa、处理功率50 W的条件下,处理10 min得到最优效果。经对最优等离子体工艺条件处理后的人发进行拉伸,与未处理人发相比,断裂强力和断裂强度没有明显的变化;断裂伸长和断裂伸长率有一定程度的减小,初始模量略微增大;室温定形程度和沸水定形程度有一定程度的增加。     

等离子体处理对芳砜纶机织物阻燃性能的影响

低温等离子体处理可改善芳砜纶机织物的服用性能,但对其阻燃性能的影响目前尚不十分明确。经数理统计分析处理前后织物阻燃性能指标的测试数据,可知在一定条件下,低温等离子处理对织物阻燃性能基本无影响,但处理工艺对阻燃性能中的具体指标有显著影响。     

芳砜纶纤维针刺法非织造布高温处理后耐氧化性能研究

研究了芳砜纶纤维针刺法非织造布经高温处理后，再采用不同浓度次氯酸钙溶液处理，其尺寸稳定性以及物理机械性能的变化情况。结果表明：芳砜纶针刺法非织造布的尺寸和孔径情况无显著变化；厚度、拉伸断裂强力和顶破强力呈整体下降趋势。     

不同混纺比芳纶、芳砜纶隔热层水刺非织造布性能分析

为开发轻薄型耐高温阻燃消防服隔热层水刺非织造布,分析了芳纶1313、芳纶1414和芳砜纶不同混纺比水刺非织造布的耐高温阻燃性能、力学性能、透气性、刚柔性、回潮率、耐洗涤性能等。结果表明:纯芳砜纶水刺非织造布强力较差;混纺水刺非织造布,随着芳砜纶含量增大,阻燃性能变好,高温处理后水刺非织造布尺寸稳定性好。各水刺非织造布纵横向断裂强力随温度升高,总体呈升高趋势,断裂伸长率呈先减小后增大现象,总体呈震荡型下降,经各项综合性能分析,3#水刺非织造布为最佳配比工艺。     

精干罗布麻纤维的拉伸性能

探讨了常态下和热处理后精干罗布麻单纤维的拉伸性能。着重探讨了处理温度、处理时间对纤维断裂强度、断裂伸长率以及断裂功的影响。随着处理温度的升高和处理时间的延长,纤维的断裂强度、断裂伸长率以及断裂功在整体上呈现下降趋势;与常态相比,120℃处理后纤维拉伸性能有明显下降;在180℃以上,纤维的以上指标下降程度增大;时间对纤维拉伸性能的影响小于温度,且在210℃时,纤维的各指标随时间变化明显。试验表明:精干罗布麻纤维的拉伸属高强高模低伸长类型,且纤维具有较好的拉伸性和较好的耐热性。     

艾草改性竹浆纤维的形态结构及其性能研究

采用不同浓度的H2SO4和Na OH溶液对艾草改性竹浆纤维和竹浆纤维进行处理,研究酸、碱处理对纤维的回潮率和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:艾草改性竹浆纤维的回潮率大于竹浆纤维,但其断裂强度和断裂伸长率均小于竹浆纤维;2种纤维的回潮率均随H2SO4体积分数的增加而增大,而随Na OH体积分数的增加而减小;断裂强度和断裂伸长率均随H2SO4和Na OH体积分数增加而呈现下降趋势;回潮率和断裂强度受Na OH体积分数的影响较大,耐碱性较差,因此2种纤维应当尽量避免碱处理。     

回潮率对石英纤维纱织造前后力学性能的影响

为研究导致石英纤维纱使用过程中强度下降的主要因素,对石英纤维纵、横截面及形貌进行表征,测试不同回潮率、不同线密度石英纤维纱织造前后拉伸断裂强度,分析织造过程中整经、开口、打纬等对其力学性能的影响,并探究浸润剂对石英纤维纱力学性能的影响。结果表明:石英纤维纱的拉伸断裂强度随回潮率增加而显著下降,其中95 tex石英纤维纱当回潮率为100%时比0%时拉伸强度降幅最大可达41%;95 tex石英纤维纱在1.0%回潮率织造后,其纤维拉伸强度下降高达60.94%;添加浸润剂对纤维纱强度有明显增强效果,390 tex石英纤维纱添加体积分数为100%浸润剂时,纱线强度增加17%;二氧化硅吸湿及浸润剂吸湿是导致石英纤维纱强度下降的主要原因。     

玉石纤维的形态结构及物理机械性能研究

对新型凉爽保健纤维——玉石纤维的形态结构、物理机械性能进行了分析研究。结果表明,玉石纤维呈现蜂窝状微孔结构;回潮率相比于涤纶有很大程度的提高;干湿态玉石纤维的拉伸断裂强度、初始模量、钩结强度以及打结强度均随着拉伸速度的增加而提高;当拉伸速度增加到一定值后,强度和初始模量趋向稳定,不再提高;玉石纤维的湿态强度和初始模量均高于相应的干态强度和初始模量。     

香蕉纤维的理化性能测试

介绍了香蕉纤维的研究现状及其发展前景。通过细度、回潮率、拉伸性能、化学性能、红外光谱以及结构测试对香蕉纤维进行了研究。     

聚乳酸/聚丙烯共混纺粘纤维的制备及其性能

为探寻聚乳酸用量对聚乳酸（PLA）/ 聚丙烯（PP）共混纺粘纤维性能的影响,以PLA和PP为原料,采用实验室纺粘小样机制备了多种混比的PLA/PP共混纺粘纤维。采用扫描电子显微镜、电子单纤维强力仪、恒温烘箱、接触角测试仪、X射线衍射仪对所得各种纤维的形态特征、力学性能、吸湿性、接触角、结晶度进行测试和分析。结果表明：随着PLA含量的增加,共混纤维的强力下降,断裂伸长增加,但断裂功基本保持不变;随着PLA含量的增加,纤维的回潮率增加,接触角减小,结晶度下降;PLA质量分数为7%的共混纺粘纤维较纯PP纺粘纤维的结晶度下降21%,吸湿性则达到纯PLA, 可在不降低其耐用性的同时,提高其吸湿性能。     

巴西剑麻性能及成分分析

对巴西剑麻的物理性能（回潮率、含水率、长度、细度及强度等）和化学成分（纤维素、半纤维素、果胶、木质素、脂蜡质、水溶物、灰分）进行了测试和分析。并通过对照巴西剑麻与苎麻、亚麻、黄麻等纤维的成分,进一步认识巴西剑麻的成分含量,为剑麻纤维的脱胶柔软处理提供了依据。     

竹原纤维的分级提取及其性能

为探究不同竹龄及不同取材部位竹原纤维性能的变异规律,以不同竹龄、不同部位的慈竹为原料,采用物理化学结合的方法提取竹原纤维,并分别测定竹原纤维的化学组成、纤维的表面形貌、纤维的密度、吸湿性能、拉伸强度。结果表明：相同部位竹原纤维,随竹龄的增加,纤维的密度先增大后减小,纤维的回潮率先减小后增大;相同竹龄竹原纤维,随着距地高度的增加,纤维密度增加,回潮率先稍有降低后升高。3年生慈竹梢部纤维密度最大,为1.70 /cm3,4年生的基部纤维密度最小,为1.51 g/cm3。3年生慈竹中部纤维回潮率最低,为12.94%,其不同部位竹原纤维拉伸强度较为稳定,4年生中部竹原纤维拉伸强度最大,为787.42MPa。     

Effect of Laccase and Xylanase Enzyme Treatment on Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Banana Fiber

This work analyses the effect of Laccase and Xylanase enzyme treatment on chemical and mechanical properties of banana fiber. Properties such as chemical composition, density, tensile strength, and color were analyzed. The removal of lignin increased with increase in enzymes concentration. Lignin removal was observed to be higher for Laccase treatment. The hemicellulose removal was higher for Xylanase treatment and the results were confirmed by FTIR spectrum. It is evident that cellulose%, density and tensile strength increased up to 15% enzyme treatment concentration and then started declining at 20% enzyme concentration in the case of both enzymes, whereas the moisture regain percentage of the fiber decreased with increase in enzyme concentration. The effects of enzymatic treatments are clearly visible in the SEM images.     

Interdependence of moisture,mechanical properties,and hydrophobic treatment of jute fibre-reinforced composite materials

Despite cheap and sustainable in nature, the use of natural fiber composites is limited due to their high moisture absorption, poor fiber–matrix interface, and lack of data on evolution of properties when subjected to environmental factor such as temperature and humidity. The aim of this research is to study the interdependence of moisture regain, hydrophobic treatment, and the mechanical properties of jute fiber-reinforced composite materials. Composite samples made from treated and untreated jute fiber-reinforced composites were exposed to humid environment and their moisture regain, mechanical properties and fiber-matrix interface was tested at given time intervals until four weeks. The composites produced with hydrophobic treated reinforcement showed lesser moisture regain and improvement in the tensile and flexural strengths compared to untreated fabric composite. A clear improvement in fiber-resin interface was observed by scanning electronic microscopy. The dynamic mechanical analysis of treated and untreated composites was conducted in a temperature range 20–140 °C. An increase in the storage modulus of treated composite materials was noted as compared to untreated ones. Furthermore, it was concluded that developed composite loss their mechanical properties linearly with immersion time. However, this aging was slow in treated fabric composites especially hybrid fluorocarbon and fluorocarbon.     

Mechanical properties,moisture absorption,and dyeability of polyamide 5,6 fibers

Polyamide 5,6 (PA56) and polyamide 6 (PA6) fibers were spun by melt spinning process and drawn by a thermal drawing in order to improve their mechanical properties. The effects of drawing conditions on mechanical properties, moisture absorption, and dyeing behavior were investigated by means of tensile testing measurements, moisture absorption test, as well as color strength measurements. It was found that the tenacity and Young’s modulus were significantly increased, while the elongation at break decreased as the draw ratio (DR) and temperature increased due to the increase in molecular orientation along the fiber axis and the crystallinity. PA56 fibers showed a little lower mechanical properties and much higher moisture regain than PA6 fibers at different DRs. This can be attributed to the amide group content in the polymer backbone, which yields higher moisture regain in PA56 fibers than PA6 fibers. The dyeing behaviors of PA56 fiber, in terms of dyebath exhaustion, color strength, and wash fastness are similar as those of PA6. Those results indicated that PA56 is a competitive novel fiber for textile material.