共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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培养过程参数对霉菌Rhizopus oryzae IFO细胞催化植物油脂合成生物柴油的影响研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
采用脂肪酶催化可再生动植物油脂合成生物柴油已经成为目前研究的热点,其中利用全细胞催化剂是一个重要的研究方向。文中直接利用霉菌R.oryzaeIFO细胞催化植物油脂甲醇解反应合成生物柴油,系统研究了培养过程参数对细胞生长和该细胞催化剂催化甲醇解反应活性的影响。研究表明,细胞培养过程中所添加的油脂不同,细胞在后续反应中催化特定油脂进行生物柴油制备时所表现出的催化活性也会有所差别;由某种油脂作为碳源得到的细胞催化剂催化对应油脂与甲醇转酯化反应制备生物柴油时,表现出比催化其他油脂和甲醇反应制备生物柴油更高的催化活性。在优化的操作参数(大豆精制油20g/L,蛋白胨70g/L,NaNO31.2g/L,KH2PO41.2g/L,MgSO4·7H2O0.5g/L,培养温度35℃,摇床转速130r/min)下,培养得到的细胞催化剂能有效催化大豆油与甲醇三步转酯化反应,生物柴油(脂肪酸甲酯)最终得率可达到86%。 相似文献
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研究了脂肪酶固定化及其催化大豆油制备生物柴油的工艺。采用溶胶-凝胶法对脂肪酶进行了固定化,考察了固定化酶催化大豆油转酯化的生产工艺中酶用量、醇油比、含水量、反应温度、反应时间、溶剂等参数对转酯过程的影响。实验结果表明,当大豆油4.5 g时,最佳的反应条件为:固定化酶646 mg,醇油摩尔比4∶1,含水质量分数为6%,40℃,甲酯的最终转化率为96.33%。 相似文献
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现代生物柴油的生产工艺及产品质量 总被引:18,自引:3,他引:18
介绍了最新开发的,由植物油脂经酯交换,离心机分离连续生产生物柴油的CD-工艺方法。检测表明,经该法生产的生物柴油,各项技术指标与天然柴油极为相似,其各项燃烧指标优于或与普通柴油相仿,满足欧洲2号排放标准。 相似文献
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Biodiesel fuel production by transesterification of oils 总被引:41,自引:0,他引:41
Biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters), which is derived from triglycerides by transesterification with methanol, has attracted considerable attention during the past decade as a renewable, biodegradable, and nontoxic fuel. Several processes for biodiesel fuel production have been developed, among which transesterification using alkali-catalysis gives high levels of conversion of triglycerides to their corresponding methyl esters in short reaction times. This process has therefore been widely utilized for biodiesel fuel production in a number of countries. Recently, enzymatic transesterification using lipase has become more attractive for biodiesel fuel production, since the glycerol produced as a by-product can easily be recovered and the purification of fatty methyl esters is simple to accomplish. The main hurdle to the commercialization of this system is the cost of lipase production. As a means of reducing the cost, the use of whole cell biocatalysts immobilized within biomass support particles is significantly advantageous since immobilization can be achieved spontaneously during batch cultivation, and in addition, no purification is necessary. The lipase production cost can be further lowered using genetic engineering technology, such as by developing lipases with high levels of expression and/or stability towards methanol. Hence, whole cell biocatalysts appear to have great potential for industrial application. 相似文献
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助溶剂在生物柴油酯化反应过程中的促进作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
生物柴油是一种与石化柴油相比具有性能优势的可再生燃料,由动植物油等可再生原料与甲醇、乙醇等低碳醇经酯交换制得的脂肪酸单酯。生物柴油在全球范围内的逐步普及,对工艺过程和生产效率提出了更高的要求。由于助溶剂能够大大提高酯交换反应速率,从而提高生产设备的效率,降低能耗,故受到人们的普遍重视。根据各种助溶剂的性质,可将助溶剂划分为物质助溶剂和能量助溶剂,对酯交换过程中助溶剂加入的必要性,各种催化剂条件下助溶剂的使用特点,各种助溶方法的比较进行了介绍。 相似文献
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钙基固体碱催化酯交换反应制备生物柴油研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
综述了近期氧化钙、钙化合物、负载型氧化钙等钙基固体碱催化剂用于酯交换制备生物柴油的研究进展。钙基固体碱具有较高的酯交换制备生物柴油催化活性,且原料来源广、价格相对较低,是一类具有前景的用于生物柴油清洁生产的固体碱催化剂。钙基固体碱催化剂在存放过程中易碳酸盐化而失去催化活性,生物柴油原料含水含酸量不但降低催化剂催化活性,而且增加催化剂回收难度、增加生物柴油产品中钙离子含量,在研究钙基固体碱催化剂催化酯交换反应机制的基础上,解决以上一系列问题,有助于钙基固体碱催化剂的工业化应用。 相似文献
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Kyung Seok Yang Jung-Hoon Sohn Hyung Kwoun Kim 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》2009,107(6):599-604
Biodiesel, an alternative fuel, is generated via the transesterification reaction of vegetable oil or animal oil with alcohol. Currently, many reports have noted that microbial lipases might be utilized for the production of biodiesel. Among them, immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (Novozym435) is frequently utilized for its biocatalytic efficiency and availability. However, as the enzyme is unstable in a medium containing high concentrations of methanol, a multi-stepwise methanol supply is required for the efficient production of biodiesel. Photobacterium lipolyticum lipase (M37) was determined to be quite stable in a medium containing a high concentration of methanol. The enzyme activity was maintained for longer than 48 h without any loss at a methanol concentration of 10%. In an effort to evaluate enzyme performance in the production of biodiesel, we have compared M37 lipase and Novozym435 in the biodiesel production reaction using fresh or waste oil and methanol. In the 3-stepwise methanol feeding method generally conducted for Novozym435 in biodiesel production, the M37 lipase showed a similar or superior conversion yield to Novozym435. However, the M37 lipase evidenced significantly higher conversion yields in the 2 and 1 step methanol feeding reactions. Particularly in the 1 step process using 10% of methanol where almost no conversion was detected by Novozym435, the biodiesel yield achieved with M37 lipase reached a level of up to 70% of the possible maximum yield. Consequently, this methanol-tolerant lipase, M37, has been shown to be a suitable enzyme for use in the biodiesel production process. 相似文献
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Biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas Linnaeus (JCL) has been considered for partial substitution of diesel fuel for transportation in Thailand. The aim of this study is to investigate the energy consumption for long-term investment (20 years) of Jatropha Methyl Ester (JME) production in Thailand using a life cycle approach. Apart from the average result, two scenarios--best and worst case--are set up to illustrate the range of results due to the variety of management practices. The main contributors to the energy use are JCL cultivation, transesterification, and transportation process. The net energy gain (NEG) and net energy ratio (NER) of biodiesel and coproducts from the life cycle of JCL are 4720 GJ/ha and 6.03, respectively. Even if only biodiesel is considered without coproducts, the NER is 1.42, still higher than 1. The study will support decision makers in the energy policy sector to make informed decisions vis-a-vis promotion of JCL plantations for biodiesel. 相似文献