甘蔗渣的糖化及转化为酒精的研究概况

生物质转化为能源的重点和难点，集中于纤维类物质的转化利用。蔗渣用来生产酒精具有较好的发展前途。本文从蔗渣的化学结构出发，阐述了蔗渣分解、糖化及转化为酒精的机理及研究概况，具有重要的现实意义。     

酒精废液浓缩与蔗渣掺混进锅炉燃烧技术

采用酒精废液浓缩后与蔗渣合理掺比混合，供锅炉燃烧，实现了酒精废液的综合利用，有效地解决了废液排放带来的环境污染问题。酒精废液浓缩与蔗渣掺混进锅炉燃烧技术@冯惠玲     

生物有机肥的制作及田间试验

利用酒精废液、滤泥、蔗渣灰经微生物技术制作生物有机肥，是一种有效处理机制糖生产中产生的废料及酒精废液的新技术，此技术已在凤凰糖业公司得到应用，同时已成功完成了生物有机肥甘蔗田间种植试验。     

甘蔗制糖文摘

邢海萍酒精废液浓缩与蔗渣掺混进锅炉燃烧技术─—冯惠玲等，广西蔗糖，１９９９（３），３６～３７采用酒精废液浓缩后与蔗渣合理掺比混合，供锅炉燃烧，实现了酒精废液的综合利用，有效地解决了废液排放带来的环境污染。动静态研究体系中ＣａＣＯ_３沉积规律的理论分析及实验研究──王睿等，水处理技术，２０００（１），３６～４１本文针对冷却水系统污垢研究的两种测试体系，对ＣａＣＯ３沉积规律进行了理论分析与相应的实验研究，探讨了两种体系存在差别的根本原因。薯干酒精糟液综合利用及治理技术──韩沛等，水处理技术，２０００…     

糖蜜酒精废液处理工艺及设备

──何琳,广东农机,1999（2）,24～25通过干燥加工等一系列的处理工艺,把糖蜜酒精废液变成养分颇高的有机肥料的原料。该方法设备投资较低,不仅解决了环境污染问题,还增加了收益。其工艺流程如下：输送蔗渣干燥→蔗渣、废液混合─→混合料干输送、粉碎燥──成品仓→计量、包装。该方案的关键是采用了二次干燥后搅拌的处理工艺。首先干燥蔗渣,第一次干燥最好把蔗渣的水分降到15％以下,使它具有较强的吸水能力。然后将干蔗渣和酒精废液充分混和,让干蔗渣吸收糖蜜酒精废液的水分,以减小糖蜜酒精废液的粘性,再对这种混合物进行干燥…     

糖能联产的发展

针对甘蔗制糖过程中糖能联产发展状况，综述了能源甘蔗的培育、蔗汁（糖蜜）发酵生产乙醇及蔗渣纤维素生产燃料乙醇的最新研究进展和研究成果，以及蔗渣联产发电、糖厂联产燃料酒精和其它糖能联产的发展，分析和讨论糖能联产的能源效益和对环境的影响，提出了我国应加强糖能联产的发展思路。     

毛里求斯蔗渣能源的开发经验

蔗渣能源发展与环境　　蔗渣是一种将太阳能转化为生物质最为有效的转化植物 ,被称为二氧化碳的清洁剂 ,甘蔗吸收大气中的二氧化碳 ,经由光合作用将其固定并转化为生物质 .甘蔗植物的两种主要成分一个是糖分 ,另一个是纤维 ,后者是蔗渣的最大组成部分 .蔗渣燃烧时产生二氧化碳和热能 ,但这些二氧化碳然后将由下一代的甘蔗所吸收 .　　如蔗渣不用于热电联产 ,多余的蔗渣将不得不被废弃掉 ,焚烧是最为普遍的处理方法 .因此 ,利用蔗渣发电是有利于环境的 ,因为 1 蔗渣发电产生能源而不是增加麻烦 , 2 否则 ,该能源将要从会产生温室气体的矿…     

蔗渣的广泛用途

甘蔗加工蔗糖剩余的下脚料蔗渣,主要成份为木质素、纤维素和乙聚糖,与松木成份相当。可用来制板材、发电、造纸等,还可以进行发酵生成酒精(加入酒精酵母及催化剂),以20％酒精稀释汽油是很好的燃料,对燃烧性能无影响,甚至减少一氧化碳气排放30％,碳氢化合物减少10％,有利于     

甘蔗渣的综合利用——赴巴西考察报告

1999年 4月 2 1日至同年 5月 1 1日 ,广西甘蔗渣综合利用技术培训班一行十五人 ,赴巴西联邦共和国进行学习考察。　　这次赴巴西主要学习了蔗渣制饲料的原理、生产工艺与设备以及用蔗渣饲料喂牛的技术 ,同时也考察了巴西的糖业生产和酒精生产及酒精废液处理技术。1　糖业酒精行业管理组织与科研机构　　巴西政府对蔗糖酒精产业非常重视 ,国家设立糖业酒精协会统一管理整个行业的科、工、农、贸。协会由政府指定的阁员 ,农场、糖厂选出的代表 ,另加一名银行代表组成董事会 ,隶属于国家工商部 ,董事长由总统委任。协会既代表国家利益 ,又代表…     

酶处理蔗渣的国内研究进展

甘蔗渣是制糖工业中的主要副产物,产量巨大。由于转化和利用技术有限,大多被直接燃烧或废弃不用,如何充分利用蔗渣一直困扰相关行业工作者。而酶制剂可以增加蔗渣附加值,扩大蔗渣应用领域,提高蔗渣利用率。本文介绍了漆酶、木聚糖酶、纤维素酶及其他酶类处理蔗渣的研究进展,希望能使酶制剂更广泛地应用于我国蔗渣的高值化利用。     

甘蔗渣生产燃料乙醇技术研究现状与展望

甘蔗渣是制糖工业的主要副产物,将其生产成燃料乙醇具有广阔的应用前景。本文重点介绍了近年来国内外有关甘蔗渣燃料乙醇过程中的预处理、纤维素水解、净化、发酵等工艺的最新研究进展。希望能为甘蔗渣燃料乙醇产业的发展提供一些帮助。     

甘蔗渣生产燃料乙醇研究现状与对策

燃料乙醇是最有发展前景的新型可再生能源之一,以木质纤维原料替代淀粉类和糖类原料生产乙醇成为全世界研究的热点,是燃料乙醇的发展方向.本文介绍了甘蔗渣的组成与特点,以及甘蔗渣生产燃料乙醇的最新研究进展与对策.     

Comparative Production of Sugarcane Vinegar by Different Immobilization Techniques

Sugarcane juice was converted to ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae producing 8% (v/v) ethanol. This ethanol was used for vinegar production using adsorbed (bagasse, corn cobs and wood shavings) and entrapped (calcium alginate) cells of Acetobacter aceti NRRL 746. All three adsorbed carrier materials were statistically similar for acetic acid production and produced acidity from 5.9 to 6.7% after 28 days of submerged fermentation. By recycling bagasse adsorbed cells, the time of acetic acid fermentation was reduced to 13 days. Semi‐continuous fermentation of bagasse adsorbed cells using a packed bed column further reduced the fermentation time to 80 h.     

利用甘蔗渣制备羟甲基纤维素的工艺研究

本文采用甘蔗渣为原料，经单一态氧漂白，在乙醇溶剂中与氢氧化钠、氯乙酸反应，制备了羟甲基纤维素。讨论了反应温度、时间及物料配比对产品性能的影响。确定了最佳反应条件。     

Sequential high pressure extractions applied to recover piceatannol and scirpusin B from passion fruit bagasse

Passion fruit seeds are currently discarded on the pulp processing but are known for their high piceatannol and scirpusin B contents. Using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), these highly valuable phenolic compounds were efficiently extracted from defatted passion fruit bagasse (DPFB). PLE was performed using mixtures of ethanol and water (50 to 100% ethanol, w/w) as solvent, temperatures from 50 to 70 °C and pressure at 10 MPa. The extraction methods were compared in terms of the global yield, total phenolic content (TPC), piceatannol content and the antioxidant capacity of the extracts. The DPFB extracts were also compared with those from non-defatted passion fruit bagasse (nDPFB). Identification and quantification of piceatannol were performed using UHPLC–MS/MS. The results showed that high TPC and piceatannol content were achieved for the extracts obtained from DPFB through PLE at 70 °C and using 50 and 75% ethanol as the solvent. The best PLE conditions for TPC (70 °C, 75% ethanol) resulted in 55.237 mg GAE/g dried and defatted bagasse, whereas PLE at 70 °C and 50% ethanol achieved 18.590 mg of piceatannol/g dried and defatted bagasse, and such yields were significantly higher than those obtained using conventional extraction techniques. The antioxidant capacity assays showed high correlation with the TPC (r > 0.886) and piceatannol (r > 0.772). The passion fruit bagasse has therefore proved to be a rich source of piceatannol and PLE showed high efficiency to recover phenolic compounds from defatted passion fruit bagasse.     

Bioethanol production from ball milled bagasse using an on-site produced fungal enzyme cocktail and xylose-fermenting Pichia stipitis

Sugarcane bagasse is one of the most promising agricultural by-products for conversion to biofuels. Here, ethanol fermentation from bagasse has been achieved using an integrated process combining mechanical pretreatment by ball milling, with enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Ball milling for 2 h was sufficient for nearly complete cellulose structural transformation to an accessible amorphous form. The pretreated cellulosic residues were hydrolyzed by a crude enzyme preparation from Penicillium chrysogenum BCC4504 containing cellulase activity combined with Aspergillus flavus BCC7179 preparation containing complementary β-glucosidase activity. Saccharification yields of 84.0% and 70.4% for glucose and xylose, respectively, were obtained after hydrolysis at 45 °C, pH 5 for 72 h, which were slightly higher than those obtained with a commercial enzyme mixture containing Acremonium cellulase and Optimash BG. A high conversion yield of undetoxified pretreated bagasse (5%, w/v) hydrolysate to ethanol was attained by separate hydrolysis and fermentation processes using Pichia stipitis BCC15191, at pH 5.5, 30 °C for 24 h resulting in an ethanol concentration of 8.4 g/l, corresponding to a conversion yield of 0.29 g ethanol/g available fermentable sugars. Comparable ethanol conversion efficiency was obtained by a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process which led to production of 8.0 g/l ethanol after 72 h fermentation under the same conditions. This study thus demonstrated the potential use of a simple integrated process with minimal environmental impact with the use of promising alternative on-site enzymes and yeast for the production of ethanol from this potent lignocellulosic biomass.     

Production of coumaric acid from sugarcane bagasse

Phenolic acids were released from sugarcane bagasse by alkaline hydrolysis at 30 °C for 4 h; The alkaline hydrolysates were ultrafiltrated, the permeates purified with anion exchange resin. The phenolic acids bound by the resin were desorbed by a mixture of water–ethanol–HCl solution (36: 60: 4) after washing the resin with water, ethanol and dilute HCl respectively. The combined eluents were concentrated for crystalization, and the crystals filtered and washed using 1% (v/v) HCl. After this purification process, the purity of products reached 89.7% based on coumaric acid. Results of HPLC/MS, HPLC using standard coumaric acid and ferulic acid showed that the main component of the purified bagasse hydrolysate was p-coumaric acid rather than ferulic acid. The purified products showed the same antioxidant activity, reducing power and free radical scavenging capacity as the standard p-coumaric acid.The technology could be applied on industrial scale.Industrial relevanceThis research presents a technology to produce coumaric acids from sugarcane bagasse. The first step is to release coumaric acid by alkaline hydrolysis. The second step is to remove the viscous polysaccharides and protein by ultrafiltration. The third step is to purify coumaric acid from the permeate of ultrafiltration by anion chromatography, and the alkaline could be reused to hydrolyze the bagasse. The technology showed potential application on industrial scale.     

甘蔗渣纤维表面Zeta电位变化特性及其对酶水解效果的影响

将纤维素原料降解为可发酵糖是木质纤维素生物质生物转化乙醇过程中的重要环节,通过对原料的预处理可以提高纤维素酶的催化效率.本文通过改变甘蔗渣纤维的尺寸、添加多聚磷酸盐等方法,发现均能改变蔗渣纤维的表面Zeta电位.初步研究了其Zeta电位变化规律及Zeta电位的变化对纤维素酶水解效果的影响,并对Zeta电位的变化影响纤维...     

同时酶解发酵(SSF)转化造纸厂废细小纤维为酒精

<正> 发酵法生产酒精主要以糖蜜和淀粉质谷物为原料。从开辟新能源和解决环境污染考虑,以废纤维为原料生产酒精的研究近年来日益受到重视。主要有两种方法,一是用两类厌氧纤维素细菌直接发酵纤维废物为酒精;另为用纤维素酶酶解纤维素废物为葡萄糖后再经酵母发酵为酒精。前者方法较简单,但终产物中酒精所占的比例较低,后者遇到的困难主要是纤维素分解微生物和酵母菌发酵之间,所需条件不一。两类方法都是只适用于已经化学预处理脱去木质素的纤维材料,预处理费用高和同时伴有环境污染使此项技术至今还未能     

Evaluation of Ammonia Pretreatment for Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sugarcane Bagasse to Recover Xylooligosaccharides

Sugarcane bagasse is a useful biomass resource. In the present study, we examined the efficacy of ammonia pretreatment for selective release of hemicellulose from bagasse. Pretreatment of bagasse with aqueous ammonia resulted in significant loss of xylan. In contrast, pretreatment of bagasse with anhydrous ammonia resulted in almost no xylan loss. Aqueous ammonia or anhydrous ammonia-pretreated bagasse was then subjected to enzymatic digestion with a xylanase from the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 10 or a xylanase from the GH family 11. The hydrolysis rate of xylan in bagasse pretreated with aqueous ammonia was approximately 50 %. In contrast, in the anhydrous ammonia-treated bagasse, xylan hydrolysis was > 80 %. These results suggested that anhydrous ammonia pretreatment would be an effective method for preparation of sugarcane bagasse for enzymatic hydrolysis to recover xylooligosaccharides.