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1.
不同处理方法对米糠品质稳定性的影响   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
采用干热、湿热、微波和挤压法等4种方法处理新鲜米糠,比较不同方法对米糠过氧化物酶残留活力、水溶性蛋白质、植酸、维生素E和谷维素含量的影响,以及长期贮藏过程对米糠酸价和过氧化值的影响。研究结果表明:米糠经温度为130℃,含水量为30%,转速600r/min的挤压处理后,过氧化物酶残留活力为4.8%,维生素E、植酸和谷维素的含量分别为3.65%、0.35%、7.0%,但对水溶性蛋白质的含量影响较大。经过稳定化处理的米糠在贮藏过程中,米糠的酸价和过氧化值基本稳定,但原料米糠变化显著。  相似文献   

2.
谷维素是米糠和米糠油加工过程中极有价值副产品,具有多种生理功能。该文从谷维素组成、生理功能、米糠油皂脚组成及谷维素提取和纯化方法等方面进行综述,重点阐述谷维素提取和纯化方法研究进展。  相似文献   

3.
Rice bran was heated at 120°C for 0 to 30 min to extend the oxidative stability. Also, effects of visible light irradiation on the crude rice bran oil (RBO) from rice bran heated at 120°C for 20 min were studied. As heat treatment time increased from 0 to 30 min, rice bran had significantly high oxidative stability at 40°C for 12 days (p<0.05). Headspace oxygen content in rice bran without heat treatment decreased significantly (p<0.05) whereas those in heat treated rice bran did not change significantly (p>0.05). Results of acid value and conjugated dienoic acid (CDA) confirmed the higher oxidative stability of heat treated rice bran. γ-Oryzanol content was not significantly different among crude RBO during heat treatment and storage (p>0.05). Visible light irradiation caused similar degree of lipid oxidation in crude RBOs from rice bran irrespective of heat stabilization for 48 h, which may be due to the presence of photosensitizers in crude RBO like chlorophylls. This study showed that heat treatment was not effective to enhance the oxidative stability of RBO under visible light irradiation and products containing rice bran should be stored in the dark conditions.  相似文献   

4.
Effects of processing variables, production rate, number of die openings and initial moisture content on the discharge temperature and power input during rice bran extrusion with an autogenous single-screw extruder were analyzed. At extrusion temperatures above 128°C, all lipase activity in the bran was lost regardless of moisture content of the bran fed. Net specific energy input (NSE) varied with changes in die opening and moisture contents and total power efficiency was increased with increasing production rate without change in NSE value. Percolation rate through the extruded bran bed was increased to nine times over that of raw bran; the extraction time to reach 1% residual oil in extruded bran was reduced to 10 min from 100 min for the raw bran.  相似文献   

5.
脱酸米糠毛油品质对吸附脱色综合效果的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用碱炼脱酸和水蒸汽蒸馏脱酸两种不同脱酸工艺所得米糠油进行吸附脱色试验,以米糠油脱色率及谷维素、甾醇、维生素E等营养成分保留率和反式脂肪酸生成量作为考察指标,分析研究待脱色米糠油品质对吸附脱色综合效果的。结果显示,在脱色率、VE保留率和反式酸含量方面碱炼脱酸米糠油的综合脱色效果优于水蒸汽蒸馏脱酸米糠油。碱炼脱酸米糠油的最佳吸附脱色条件为:凹凸棒石为吸附剂,用影响量为油重的4%,脱色时间30 min,脱色温度110℃。在最佳工艺条件下,测得米糠油脱色率为75.08%,脱色米糠油的色泽为Y35、R2.1(罗维朋比色槽25.4 mm),满足国标三级米糠油色泽要求;谷维素保留率为88.89%(脱色前后谷维素含量分别为0.90%、0.80%、),甾醇保留率为73.87%(脱色前后甾醇含量分别为2.32%、1.71%),维生素E保留率为82.90%(脱色前后维生素E含量分别为50.57 mg/100 g、41.92 mg/100 g);与水蒸汽蒸馏脱酸米糠油相比,相同脱色条件下,脱色率提高7.84%,维生素E保留率提高7.64%,但谷维素保留率下降4.74%,甾醇保留率下降4.58%。脱色前后碱炼脱酸米糠油中未检出反式酸,水蒸汽蒸馏脱酸米糠油中反式酸含量为0.40%,脱色后反式酸含量增加了0.02%。虽然谷维素和甾醇的保留率相对降低,但两者的保留率仍达到了88.89%、73.87%,脱色油中两者含量分别为0.80%、1.71%,单就脱色过程而言,营养成分保留率还是很高的。  相似文献   

6.
谷维素对3种食用植物油的抗氧化效果研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
从米糠油皂脚中提取纯化谷维素,按不同比例添加到大豆油、菜籽油和油茶籽油中,分别采用Schaal烘箱法和油脂氧化分析仪对3种植物油氧化稳定性进行测定,同时考察在植物油氧化过程中,谷维素对其脂肪酸组成的影响,并与常见的油脂抗氧化剂进行对比。结果表明:油脂中分别添加0.1%和0.5%谷维素均对大豆油、菜籽油和油茶籽油的氧化诱导期具有延长作用,其中对油茶籽油的作用最显著;在Schaal烘箱实验中,谷维素能够有效延缓大豆油和油茶籽油过氧化值的升高,并且对油中多不饱和脂肪酸的氧化有抑制作用,但对菜籽油的抗氧化作用不显著。  相似文献   

7.
Rice bran was extruded at 130 °C and a screw speed of 140 rpm for 20 s to inactivate lipase and prevent lipid oxidation. Although the extrusion process induced further complex formation between phytic acid and protein as well as between phytic acid and starch, nearly 94% of phytic acid in the extruded rice bran could still be removed by solid/liquid extraction conducted at 25 °C for 30 min using hydrochloric acid at pH 2 as solvent and a solvent/rice bran ratio of 15. After the extract had been neutralised and phytic acid removed, it was added back to the rice bran solid to replenish the nutritional and functional components of the solid. The mixture was then dried in a drum dryer to yield a powdered product. The dephytinised rice bran product contained most of the protein, fat, dietary fibre and B vitamins and more than 50% of the oryzanol originally present in the raw rice bran. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

8.
BACKGROUND: γ‐Oryzanol from rice bran has lately gained potential importance because of its proven health benefits. Thus the extractability of γ‐oryzanol from the soapstock of crude rice bran oil is important from the perspective of future large‐scale production, which would give value addition to this by‐product obtained from the rice bran oil industry. The aim of the present study was to investigate the extraction of γ‐oryzanol from the drum‐dried soapstock of rice bran oil using various solvents. RESULTS: It was found that γ‐oryzanol could be extracted most effectively using ethyl acetate, followed by dichloromethane and ethyl methyl ketone. All components of γ‐oryzanol have an alcohol group in the ferulate portion giving rise to relatively high polarity, thereby increasing the extraction in more polar solvents efficiently. Ethyl acetate showed maximum extractability of γ‐oryzanol by the Soxhlet method. To quantify γ‐oryzanol, reverse phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) was used for fingerprinting the γ‐oryzanol analogues with respect to standard γ‐oryzanol. CONCLUSION: A new RP‐HPLC method for determining the individual components of γ‐oryzanol has been reported that can be used for performing an online characterisation of γ‐oryzanol analogues by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

9.
米糠是稻米加工的主要副产物,可以用来制取极具营养价值的米糠油,而米糠中脂肪酶导致的快速酸败使得米糠利用率不足10%。本研究采用微波技术处理米糠,探讨微波处理对米糠油酸价、谷维素、过氧化值、脂肪酸的影响。结果表明,微波处理显著降低了脂肪酶活力,抑制了酸价的增长(P<0.05),微波时间6 min的效果最佳,储藏56 d后其酸价仍低于30 mg/g(KOH),而未处理组的酸价则超过了155 mg/g(KOH);此外,微波处理对米糠油中谷维素含量、脂肪酸组成没有显著影响(P>0.05),说明微波处理后的米糠油仍保持着较好的品质。因此,微波处理是一种极佳的米糠稳定化方式。  相似文献   

10.
BACKGROUND: The bran part of red rice grain is concentrated with many phytochemicals, including proanthocyanidins, oryzanol and vitamin E, that exert beneficial effects on human health, but it contains low levels of essential minerals such as Fe and Zn. In the present study, the protein, lipid, phytochemicals and mineral contents in bran samples were compared among red rice SA‐586 and its NaN3‐induced mutants. RESULTS: The plant heights of NaN3‐induced mutants were decreased. The contents of protein, lipid, total phenolics, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins, total proanthocyanidins, total γ‐oryzanol, total tocopherols and total tocotrienols also varied among the tested mutants. The brans of mutants M‐18, M‐56 and M‐50 contained more proanthocyanidins, γ‐oryzanol, vitamin E than that of SA‐586, respectively. M‐54 accumulated more Fe content (588.7 mg kg?1 bran dry weight) than SA‐586 (100.1 mg kg?1 bran dry weight). CONCLUSIONS: The brans of M‐18, M‐50 and M‐56 are good sources of proanthocyanidins, vitamin E and γ‐oryzanol, respectively, while the bran of M‐54 is rich in Fe. Thus these mutants could be used to produce high‐value phytochemicals or Fe byproducts from bran during rice grain milling or as genetic resources for rice improvement programs. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

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