葛根黄酒发酵工艺研究

以荆门地区糯米和葛根粉为原料,利用麦曲和黄酒活性干酵母进行发酵。选取葛根与糯米质量比、料水比、麦曲添加量、黄酒酵母添加量为主要影响因素,以酒精度、黄酮含量及感官评定为测量指标,采用单因素试验和正交试验对葛根黄酒发酵工艺进行优化。结果表明,葛根黄酒最佳发酵条件为:葛根与糯米质量比为1∶3.3,料水比为1∶2(g/m L),麦曲添加量为8%,黄酒酵母添加量为0.08%。     

生料发酵生产黄酒的工艺研究

将大米直接投入水中,加入淀粉水解酶、黄酒麦曲、干酵母,生料发酵酿制黄酒.研究料水比、发酵起始pH、酶制荆和干酵母用量等因素对生料发酵结果的影响.结果表明,生料发酵生产黄酒的工艺务件为:起始pH自然,料水比1:2.4,水解淀粉酶用量2.5‰、干酵母添加量2.0‰.该生料发酵生产黄酒工艺与传统原料蒸煮工艺相比,简化了生产工序,降低了能耗,大大减少了污水排放,产品的氨基酸态氮、无糖固形物指标有较大提高,口感清爽,陈化后香气纯正、优雅.     

小米黄酒酿造工艺的研制及优化

采用小米为原料酿制黄酒以提升黄酒营养价值并提高小米经济价值。通过对小米黄酒理化指标测定并综合感官评价,对小米黄酒发酵酵母进行筛选,确定安琪黄酒高活性干酵母为最适菌种。根据单因素试验以及响应面试验,确定实际可行且较优的小米黄酒浸米条件:加水量150%、20℃浸米36 h;糖化条件:酒曲添加量0.6%、30℃糖化60 h;最佳发酵工艺条件:安琪黄酒高活性干酵母、酵母添加量0.22%、32℃发酵5 d,酒精度达11. 3%vol。在最优的工艺条件下酿造的小米黄酒各阶段相应指标与响应面所预测结果基本一致。     

黄酒活性干酵母酿造乌衣红曲黄酒的研究

应用黄酒活性干酵母和糖化酶替代50％乌衣红曲酿造黄酒的试验结果表明:粮曲出酒率从258％提高到272.4％,吨黄酒节粮19kg,吨黄酒节支27.90元,且发酵正常,质量提高。同时表明,黄酒活性干酵母较酒精活性干酵母适宜于黄酒发酵,能进一步改善乌衣红曲黄酒风味。     

中国优秀的酒曲种供应基地

<正>企业的竞争是科学技术进步的竞争我们专注于酒曲研究贵州酒曲历史悠久源远流长向全国大中小酿酒企业推荐:国家科技成果奖、贵州省科学技术进步一等奖推广项目Q303根霉种曲(生物科技)黄酒专用曲高效酒曲根霉酒曲生料酒曲甜酒曲生香活性干酵母(品质领先)产品经过贵州茅台镇五星酒厂、浙江宁波天泉黄酒酿造公司、浙江杭州西湖黄酒酿造厂、湖南酒鬼酒有限公司、云南香格里拉藏秘有限公司、遵义仙台酒业有限公司、贵州金沙     

黄酒活性干酵母酿造乌衣红曲黄酒的研究

应用黄酒活性干酵母和糖化酶替代５０％的乌衣红曲酿造黄酒的试验结果表明：粮曲出酒率从２５８％提高到２７２．４％，吨黄酒节粮１９ｋｇ，吨黄酒节支２９．９０元，且发酵正常，质量提高。同时表明，黄酒活性干酵母较酒精活性干酵母适宜于黄酒发酵，能进一步改善乌衣红曲黄酒风味。     

液态发酵法酿造荞麦酒发酵工艺研究

通过对照试验确定菌种、原料配比和原料处理方法,以单因素和正交试验得出液态发酵法酿造荞麦酒的最佳发酵条件。研究表明：经发芽处理后的原料可发酵性明显增强,产酒黄酮含量有显著增加;黄酒活性干酵母发酵能力强于其他几种菌种;甜荞:苦荞为3:2、料水比为 1:2.5、发酵温度 30 ℃、发酵时间 7 d、活性干酵母添加量为 0.5 %为最佳的发酵工艺条件。     

桑葚保健黄酒的研究

桑葚经过打浆、灭酶、护色制得桑葚浆,糯米浸泡后蒸煮摊凉,加入一定比例的桑葚浆,以黄酒活性干酵母、麦曲为糖化发酵剂,采用摊饭法生产工艺制得一种天然的具有营养保健功能的新型桑葚黄酒。试验结果表明,桑葚保健黄酒的最佳发酵条件为:桑葚浆与糯米质量比为1︰2,活性干酵母添加量质量分数为0.2%,麦曲添加量质量分数为10%,糖化发酵温度25℃,主发酵时间为7 d。     

怀山药黄酒酿造工艺

以怀山药为主要原料,大米为辅料,用纯种米曲,黄酒活性干酵母为糖化发酵剂,采用半固态发酵工艺酿造怀山药黄酒。其最佳原料配比为:怀山药51%,大米34%,料水比为1∶1.2;糖化发酵剂用量为:米曲15%,干酵母0.8‰;发酵温度20℃,主发酵时间7 d,后发酵时间15~30 d;怀山药黄酒活性炭最佳脱色条件为:活性炭用量3‰,温度为40℃,时间为8 h。最后得到澄清透明,呈微黄色,乙醇体积分数为15.0%的怀山药黄酒。     

生料法在玉米黄酒中的应用

简述了生料液态法酿造玉米黄酒的全过程，糖化发酵时：加水量为250％，曲霉的加入量为10％，根霉曲加入量为10％，黄酒活性干酵母的加入量为0．4％时，陈酿时采用高低温间隔的方法，既提高了原料利用率，又缩短了黄酒酿造时间，并且本法在酿造过程中添加10％炒玉米和少量玉米糖浆，取得了较好的效果。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.