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1.
壳寡糖是由壳聚糖水解得到的一类具有生物活性的高分子化合物, 具有抗氧化、提高免疫力、抑菌、降血糖等生物学作用, 被广泛应用于食品、医药、农业、化妆品等领域。近年来随着壳寡糖应用与研究的不断深入, 壳寡糖的检测技术方法不断更新发展, 目前检测壳寡糖的方法有比色法、色谱法、质谱法以及电泳法。本文简单介绍了壳聚糖的分类, 并综述了近些年壳寡糖分析检测方法的研究进展, 以期为壳寡糖检测方法的进一步发展提供参考。  相似文献   

2.
为进一步分析壳寡糖抗肿瘤活性及其机制,采用酶法制备工艺获取组分清晰的壳寡糖,优化酶解条件为酶解时间4 h、加酶量120 U/g,结合乙醇沉淀、超滤和纳滤联用的工艺获得聚合度2~4的壳寡糖。比较评价壳寡糖及其与阿霉素联用对3种肿瘤细胞的抑制效果,其中作用最为明显的人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231的细胞生存率降低20%。利用细胞迁移实验和激光共聚焦分析机制,得出壳寡糖可抑制MDA-MB-231细胞迁移并促进阿霉素入核。由此说明,壳寡糖可增强MDA-MB-231细胞对阿霉素的敏感性。  相似文献   

3.
Mohammed Aider 《LWT》2010,43(6):837-2062
During the past decade, there was an increasing interest to develop and use bio-based active films which are characterized by antimicrobial and antifungal activities in order to improve food preservation and to reduce the use of chemical preservatives. Biologically active bio-molecules such as chitosan and its derivatives have a significant potential in the food industry in view of contaminations associated with food products and the increasing concerns in relation with the negative environmental impact of conventional packaging materials such as plastics. Chitosan offers real potential for applications in the food industry due to its particular physico-chemical properties, short time biodegradability, biocompatibility with human tissues, antimicrobial an antifungal activities, and non-toxicity. Thus, chitosan-based films have attracted serious attention in food preservation and packaging technology. This is mainly due to a fact that chitosan exhibits high antimicrobial activity against pathogenic and spoilage micro-organisms, including fungi, and both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The aim of the present review was to summarize the most important information on chitosan from its bioactivity point of view and to highlight various preparative methods used for chitosan-based active bio-films and their potential for applications in the food preservation and packaging technology.  相似文献   

4.
Valorization of lactose is achieved by enzymatic conversion to lactose derivatives with nutraceutical properties. This review summarizes recent developments on composition and functional properties of lactose-derived oligosaccharides. Lactose conversion by β-galactosidase yields galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS); hetero-oligosaccharides with structural and/or functional similarity to human milk oligosaccharides are synthesized by transglycosylation with β-galactosidase, sialidase, glucansucrase, fructansucrase or α-fucosidase using lactose as donor or acceptor sugar. Application development for GOS was based on their prebiotic properties; intestinal fermentation of GOS to short-chain fatty acids confers health benefits. Several novel oligosaccharides exhibit additional potent biological activities that are based on direct interaction of oligosaccharides with glycan-binding domains of bacterial adhesins and toxins, and are highly specific to the oligosaccharide structure. Particularly the use of lactose-derived oligosaccharides to prevent binding of bacterial toxins or adhesins is supported by in vivo studies.  相似文献   

5.
Polymeric nanofibers as one of the most known nanotechnology products have huge potential applications in many fields due to their high aspect ratio and porosity, being capable of formation of three-dimensional structures and having great mechanical and biological properties. Chitosan is a natural abundant polymer which has attracted huge interests in biomedical and biological industries due to its biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxicity properties. However, electrospinning of chitosan is found to be a great challenge, blending it with other polymers such as gelatin was explored as means to improve the morphological deficiencies of chitosan nanofibers and facilitate its electrospinnability. On the other hand, montmorillonite (MMT) has been attracted great attention due to its remarkable improvement in properties of polymeric composites nanofibers. The main objective of this work was on effect of concretion of gelatin–chitosan blends and MMT on morphology of resulted nanocomposite nanofibers. The x-ray diffraction data demonstrated the exfoliation of MMT layers. The morphology of electrospun chiosan–gelatin–MMT composite nanofibers was characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The miscibility of blend was determined using SEM and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer/attenuated total reflectance.  相似文献   

6.
ABSTRACT:  Chitosan is a modified, natural biopolymer derived by deacetylation of chitin, a major component of the shells of crustacean. Recently, chitosan has received increased attention for its commercial applications in the biomedical, food, and chemical industries. Use of chitosan in food industry is readily seen due to its several distinctive biological activities and functional properties. The antimicrobial activity and film-forming property of chitosan make it a potential source of food preservative or coating material of natural origin. This review focuses on the applications of chitosan for improvement of quality and shelf life of various foods from agriculture, poultry, and seafood origin.  相似文献   

7.
石莼多糖是石莼属海洋绿藻细胞壁的主要成分,其复杂的结构和单糖组成赋予了各种生物活性,如抗病毒、抗炎症、抗凝血、抗氧化等。但是提取得到的石莼多糖的分子量较大,存在溶解度低,生物利用率差等缺点,这很大程度地限制了石莼多糖的高值化开发与有效利用。通过降解石莼多糖得到的低分子量的寡糖产物,即石莼寡糖,不仅能够非常好地保留石莼多糖的多种生物活性,还能够有效地解决溶解度低、生物利用率差等问题。因此,石莼寡糖的制备与活性研究成为海洋生物资源开发研究领域的热点。目前,石莼寡糖主要是通过化学法,物理法和酶法三种降解方式制备得到的。该研究对石莼多糖的化学组成、结构、提取、纯化和降解制备寡糖的方法进行了综述,并对石莼寡糖的生物活性研究进展进行了总结与展望,为石莼多糖及其寡糖的研究提供理论基础并以期为海洋藻类资源的高值化开发与有效利用提供参考。  相似文献   

8.
Low molecular weight alginate-derived oligosaccharide (ADO) (373–571 Da) and chito-oligosaccharide (COS) (855–1671 Da) were purified from alginate and chitosan, and known as marine oligosaccharides with polyanionic and polycationic properties, respectively. We compared the effects of ADO and COS on cell regulation using several biological models (Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis spore), cellular uptake determination, erythrocytes haemolysis inhibition and antioxidant capacity assay to investigate stress response under UV radiation. Our results further confirmed the anti-UVR potential of ADO and COS and their potential for commercial UVR protector application in the area of functional foods as food ingredients.  相似文献   

9.
寡糖是具有2~10 个单糖残基通过糖苷键连接起来的直链或含分支链的糖类化合物,对人体健康有诸多益处,还具有甜味剂功能和特性,集营养、保健、食疗于一体。相较于多糖,寡糖还具有生物活性强、利于机体吸收等优点。近年来,海洋来源的寡糖被证明具有多种生物活性,包括抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗菌、抗凝血和提高免疫力等,可以广泛应用于食品、医药、化妆品、农业和水产等领域。本文介绍了4 种主要的海洋寡糖,包括几丁寡糖/壳寡糖、褐藻胶寡糖、琼胶寡糖和卡拉胶寡糖,简述其来源、结构特征、各种生物活性及应用,以期为海洋多糖资源的高价值利用及海洋寡糖的深度开发提供参考。  相似文献   

10.
果胶低聚糖是果胶降解为较低分子质量的寡糖产物,具有低热量、促双歧杆菌生长特性以及抗肿瘤、抗氧化等生理活性,有利于人体健康,具有较大的研究意义和应用前景。本文就目前果胶低聚糖的制备方法进行分类比较,着重分析酶法制备果胶低聚糖的优点和不足;并介绍果胶低聚糖生理功能和生物活性的研究进展,旨在促进果胶低聚糖的研究和应用。  相似文献   

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