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1.
蚕蛹油开发利用研究进展   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
蚕蛹油富含α-亚麻酸和亚油酸等不饱和脂肪酸,具有很高的开发利用价值。综述了蚕蛹油组成分析、提取方法、亚麻酸分离、功能作用及开发利用的研究现状。  相似文献   

2.
α-亚麻酸与γ-亚麻酸   总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25  
α-亚麻酸与γ-亚麻酸是两种具有重要生理功能的不饱和脂肪酸,也是当前热点研究和开发的对象,在比较的基础上综合阐述了α-亚麻酸与γ-亚麻酸的结构、生理功能及主要生物资源。  相似文献   

3.
为探明大麻种子油开发利用价值,采取索氏抽提法和气相色谱法对大麻种子含油量、脂肪酸组成及其相关性进行了研究与分析。结果表明:大麻种子含油量较高,最高达36.10%,其中超过34.20%的品种达5个;大麻种子油主要由棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸和α-亚麻酸等组成,其中不饱和脂肪酸含量为86.89%~98.79%,均值达89.50%;大麻种子油多不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富,均值达77.05%,其中亚油酸含量超过59%的有4个品种;亚麻酸含量均值达19.90%,其中α-亚麻酸大于20%的品种达5个。相关分析表明,大麻种子含油量与油中亚油酸、α-亚麻酸存在负相关,与油酸和γ-亚麻酸呈正相关,其中与α-亚麻酸达显著水平。综合分析可见,大麻种子油具有较高含油量和丰富不饱和脂肪酸,其亚麻酸含量明显优于大多食用植物油的,具有较好开发利用前景。云麻6号的亚油酸和α-亚麻酸及云麻4号的γ-亚麻酸含量均极为丰富,显著高于其他品种,表明这两个品种在开发相应高脂肪酸保健食品、特种植物油和品质育种研究等方面具有重要应用价值。  相似文献   

4.
目的 研究获得高含量的不饱和脂肪酸, 尤其是α-亚麻酸的含量。方法 以不饱和脂肪酸碘值为响应值, 采用响应面法对尿素包合法提取杜仲籽油不饱和脂肪酸的工艺进行优化, 并用GC-MS定量分析α-亚麻酸的含量。结果 在脂肪酸、尿素和95%乙醇三者比例为1?3?9.8, 包合温度为?21.8 ℃, 包合时间13 h条件下, 不饱和脂肪酸的碘值达到了289.67 g/100 g, GC-MS定量分析, 其中α-亚麻酸的含量达到85.41%。结论 尿素包合方法可有效地提取不饱和脂肪酸, 并且可以提高α-亚麻酸的含量。  相似文献   

5.
目的:研究获得高含量的不饱和脂肪酸,尤其是α-亚麻酸的含量。方法以不饱和脂肪酸碘值为响应值,采用响应面法对尿素包合法提取杜仲籽油不饱和脂肪酸的工艺进行优化,并用GC-MS定量分析α-亚麻酸的含量。结果在脂肪酸、尿素和95%乙醇三者比例为1:3:9.8,包合温度为?21.8℃,包合时间13 h条件下,不饱和脂肪酸的碘值达到了289.67 g/100 g, GC-MS定量分析,其中α-亚麻酸的含量达到85.41%。结论尿素包合方法可有效地提取不饱和脂肪酸,并且可以提高α-亚麻酸的含量。  相似文献   

6.
本试验研究了发酵法生产多烯脂肪酸的过程,试验在5L自动控制发酵罐中进行。菌体收率为4.9g/100mL,菌体内脂肪含量为38.6%,经分析,脂肪中含有亚油酸、γ—亚麻酸和α—亚麻酸等多烯脂肪酸。其中γ—亚麻酸含量为12.7%,α—亚麻酸含量为3.38%。  相似文献   

7.
蚕蛹油保健功能的研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
蚕蛹油富含α-亚麻酸等不饱和脂肪酸,具有辅助降血脂、辅助降血糖、抗氧化等多种保健功能,具有极高的营养和药用价值。本文综述蚕蛹油脂肪酸组成及保健功能的研究进展,并对未来的发展方向进行展望,旨在为蚕蛹的深加工、蚕蛹油保健功能的进一步开发利用提供一定的理论参考。  相似文献   

8.
紫苏油成份的测定及其开发利用   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
以四川地区所产紫苏子为原料,提取出紫苏油,测定其脂肪酸组份,结果表明α- 亚麻酸含量丰富,由于α- 亚麻酸具有抗血栓、降血脂、降血压、抗癌、健脑益智等显著功能,故紫苏油在国内外和四川有较好的开发利用前景。  相似文献   

9.
α-亚麻酸的保健功效及应用   总被引:57,自引:3,他引:54  
陶国琴  李晨 《食品科学》2000,21(12):140-143
本文综述了国内外对α-亚麻酸及相关产品的保健功效、技术开发研究的有关文献的报道,还重点介绍了两种含α-亚麻酸的植物资源:亚麻和紫苏,并对研究开发α-亚麻酸相关产品的工作提出了建议。  相似文献   

10.
狼紫草籽油中脂肪酸组成的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用毛细管气相色谱法测定了狼紫草籽油中的脂肪酸组成及相对含量。鉴定了15种脂肪酸,占脂肪酸总量的99.3%。样品所含主要脂肪酸为棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、α—亚麻酸和γ—亚麻酸。不饱和脂肪酸为90.64%,其中α—亚麻酸26.88%,γ—亚麻酸6.70%。  相似文献   

11.
Our primary objective was to determine the effects of the abomasal infusion of 16-carbon (16C) and 22-carbon (22C) fatty acids (FA) on apparent FA digestibility, plasma FA concentrations, and their incorporation into milk fat in cows. Our secondary objective was to study the effects of 1-carbon donors choline and l-serine on these variables. Five rumen-cannulated Holstein cows (214 ± 4.9 d in milk; 3.2 ± 1.1 parity) were enrolled in a 5 × 5 Latin square experiment with experimental periods lasting 6 d. Abomasal infusates consisted of (1) palmitic acid (PA; 98% 16:0 of total fat), (2) PA + choline chloride (PA+CC; 50 g/d of choline chloride), (3) PA + l-serine (PA+S; 170 g/d of l-serine), (4) behenic acid (BA; 92% 22:0 of total fat), and (5) docosahexaenoic acid algal oil (DHA; 47.5% DHA of total fat). Emulsions were formulated to provide 301 g/d of total FA and were balanced to provide a minimum of 40 and 19 g/d of 16:0 and glycerol, respectively, to match the content found in the infused algal oil. Apparent digestibility of FA was highest in DHA, intermediate in PA, and lowest in BA. Digestibility of 16C FA was lowest in BA and highest in PA. The digestibility of 22C FA was highest in DHA relative to BA (99 vs. 58%), whereas 1-carbon donors had no effect on 22C FA digestibility. Plasma 16C FA concentrations were greatest with PA treatment, and 22C FA concentrations were ~3-fold greater in DHA-treated cows relative to all other treatments. Milk fat 16:0 content was highest in PA relative to BA and DHA (e.g., 37 vs. 27% in PA and DHA), whereas the milk yield of 16:0 was higher in PA relative to DHA (i.e., 454 vs. 235 g/d). Similarly, milk 22:0 content and yield were ~10-fold higher in BA relative to all other treatments, whereas DHA treatment resulted in higher content and yield of 22:6 in milk fat relative to all other treatments (41- and 38-fold higher, respectively). Consequently, the content of FA >16C (i.e., preformed) was higher in milk fat from cows infused with BA and DHA relative to PA. De novo FA content in milk did not differ between PA, PA+CC, and PA+S (~16% of milk fat) but was higher in BA and DHA treatments (19 and 21%, respectively). We conclude that FA carbon chain length and degree of saturation affected FA digestibility and availability for absorption as well as their incorporation into milk fat. The abomasal infusion of choline chloride and l-serine did not modify these variables relative to infusing palmitic acid alone.  相似文献   

12.
Previous research found that docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3) was a component of fish oil that promotes trans-C18:1 accumulation in ruminal cultures when incubated with linoleic acid. The objective of this study was to determine if eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3n-3) and docosatrienoic acid (C22:3n-3), n-3 fatty acids in fish oil, promote accumulation of trans-C18:1, vaccenic acid (VA) in particular, using cultures of mixed ruminal microorganisms. Treatments consisted of control, control plus 5 mg of C20:3n-3 (ETA), control plus 5 mg of C22:3n-3 (DTA), control plus 15 mg of linoleic acid (LA), control plus 5 mg of C20:3n-3 and 15 mg of linoleic acid (ETALA), and control plus 5 mg of C22:3n-3 and 15 mg of linoleic acid (DTALA). Treatments were incubated in triplicate in 125-mL flasks, and 5 mL of culture contents was taken at 0 and 24 h for fatty acid analysis by gas-liquid chromatography. After 24 h of incubation, the concentrations of trans-C18:1 (0.87, 0.88, and 0.99 mg/culture), and VA (0.52, 0.56, and 0.62 mg/culture) were similar for the control, ETA, and DTA cultures, respectively. The concentrations of trans-C18:1 (5.51, 5.41, and 5.36 mg/culture), and VA (4.78, 4.62, and 4.59 mg/culture) were also similar between LA, ETALA, and DTALA cultures, respectively. These data suggest that C20:3n-3 and C22:3n-3 are not the active components in fish oil that promote VA accumulation when incubated with linoleic acid.  相似文献   

13.
A rapid and simple quantitative method was developed to determine, by gas chromatography, the concentrations in fermentation liquids of ethanol, the C2-C6 volatile fatty acids, and lactic and succinic acids. Aqueous samples were acidified with 250μlml?1 metaphosphoric acid (5:1 ratio), centrifuged, and injected directly on to a column containing a porous aromatic polymer (Chromosorb 101) maintained at 200°C in a gas chromatograph fitted with a flame ionisation detector. It was unnecessary to purify samples further before injection, although distillation and ion-exchange methods were examined. Derivatisation of lactic and succinic acids before injection was not necessary, but the lowest level of detection of these two relatively non-volatile acids was about four times greater than that for the volatile fatty acids. The method described was suitable for the analysis of rumen fluid, methane digester fluid, silage extracts and other anaerobic fermentation fluids. The relative retention times are given for 23 organic acids and six other fermentation end-products.  相似文献   

14.
奶粉脂肪酸与乳制品风味关系研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用气质(GC—MS)联用色谱分析了11个商业奶粉样品的脂肪酸组成以及含量,每个样品均检测到了28种脂肪酸,在表现奶粉风味的4个呈味脂肪酸,也即辛酸、己酸、壬酸和葵酸中只检测到了辛酸和葵酸。辛酸和葵酸含量在进口奶粉中普遍高于国产奶粉。国产奶粉中辛酸和葵酸的含量以2号最好,3号其次。亚油酸含量在国产奶粉中普遍高于进口奶粉。  相似文献   

15.
通过液液萃取净化样品研究,建立了食品中丙酸、山梨酸、苯甲酸、脱氢乙酸及其盐含量气相色谱同时快速测定方法,适用于固体非酯(脂)类食品的检测。结果表明:丙酸的回收率在85.1%~91.3%之间,其余3种防腐剂的回收率均在95.2%~99.4%之间;实验室内变异系数(CV,n=6)最大值≤4.7%,4种防腐剂检出限均在0.002 g/kg以下。4种目标物在有杂质干扰时,可用不同的极性毛细管柱做进一步的确认。本方法具有适用范围广、检测效率高、重现性好、准确度高、检出限低的特点,推广应用对我国食品安全的监督检验具有重要的意义。  相似文献   

16.
酸味酿造产品中乳酸、醋酸、丁酸共存,但比例不同形成的酸味特征也不同。控制不同的环境条件,创造出不同的微生物区系,形成不同的三酸比例,才能形成不同的产品风格。该文对常见的酸味酿造产品中微生物区系的变化及三酸含量进行了分析。  相似文献   

17.
以蔗糖、辛酸为原料,杂多酸为催化剂合成辛酸蔗糖酯。用L16(45)正交设计优化实验,高效液相色谱法分析反应液组成。考察了催化剂种类和用量、反应温度、原料配比、反应时间等因素对辛酸蔗糖酯产率的影响,发现以二甲基亚砜为溶剂、蔗糖与辛酸摩尔比1∶9、磷钨酸用量为蔗糖质量的2.0%、110℃反应时间6h,蔗糖转化率达60%,产物产要是二酯。动力学研究发现,蔗糖反应级数为一级,反应表观速率常数为0.0059min-1(90℃)、0.0117min-1(110℃),反应表观活化能Ea=39.57kJ/mol。  相似文献   

18.
心脑血管疾病、肿瘤、糖尿病、神经系统疾病、自身免疫等疾病严重危害着人类的生命和健康,并消耗着大量医疗资源。事实上,很多疾病发生和发展的背后都伴随着炎症反应,炎症是众多疾病的病理基础,甚至是导致这些疾病的诱因。炎症本身是机体的防御性反应,但过度的炎症反应和长期慢性炎症会损害机体的稳态。炎症的调节和控制由炎症介质介导,花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid,AA)、二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid,DHA)和二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA)等长链多不饱和脂肪酸(10ng-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids,LC-PUFAs)的衍生物是一类重要的调控炎症的介质。炎性细胞间的交流和细胞内信号传递与LC-PUFAs有关。AA经环氧酶和脂氧合酶合成的类二十烷酸主要起促炎作用,但有的也有抗炎作用。DHA和EPA在体内起抗炎作用,由它们合成的消退素(resolvins,Rvs)和保护素(protectin,PD)是重要的抗炎活性物质。DHA和EPA还可以干扰炎性细胞内信号传导途径来抑制炎症反应。本文从炎症与疾病的关系、LC-PUFAs的衍生物及其促炎和抗炎机制等方面综述了AA、DHA和EPA在炎症中的作用。  相似文献   

19.
目的建立气相色谱法同时测定保健食品中亚油酸、α-亚麻酸、二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid,DHA)和二十二碳五烯酸(docosapentaenoic acid,DPA)的含量。方法样品先采用氢氧化钾甲醇溶液进行皂化处理,再用三氟化硼甲醇溶液甲酯化,经HP-FFAP色谱柱(30m×0.53 mm,1.0μm)分离测定。结果 EPA甲酯、DHA甲酯、DPA甲酯、亚油酸甲酯、α-亚麻酸甲酯分别在0.03927~1.178、0.04200~1.260、0.03449~1.035、0.08368~1.255、0.08482~4.241 mg/mL的浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r均大于0.999;检出限分别为0.0039、0.0042、0.0034、0.0042、0.0042 mg/mL;加标回收率在91.1%~109.3%之间,相对标准偏差均小于5%。结论该方法操作简单快捷,适用于保健食品中亚油酸、α-亚麻酸、EPA、DPA和DHA的测定。  相似文献   

20.
Obesity has become a prevailing epidemic throughout the globe. Effective therapies for obesity become attracting. Food components with beneficial effects on "weight loss" have caught increasing attentions. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) belong to different families of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). However, they have similar effects on alleviating obesity and/or preventing from obesity. They influence the balance between energy intake and expenditure; and reduce body weight and/or fat deposition in animal models, but show little effect in healthy human subjects. They inhibit key enzymes responsible for lipid synthesis, such as fatty acid synthase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, enhance lipid oxidation and thermogenesis, and prevent free fatty acids from entering adipocytes for lipogenesis. PUFA also exert suppressive effects on several key factors involved in adipocyte differentiation and fat storage. Despite their similar effects and shared mechanisms, they display differences in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Moreover, DHA and EPA exhibit "anti-obesity" effect as well as improving insulin sensitivity, while CLA induces insulin resistance and fatty liver in most cases. A deeper and more detailed investigation into the complex network of anti-obesity regulatory pathways by different PUFA will improve our understanding of the mechanisms of body weight control and reduce the prevalence of obesity.  相似文献   

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