山楂原花青素下调Traf6/NF-κB信号通路诱导肝癌细胞凋亡

目的：探讨山楂原花青素（hawthorn procyanidins,HPC）诱导肝癌细胞Huh-7增殖和促进其凋亡的机制。方法：体外常规培养Huh-7细胞株和过表达Traf6基因Huh-7细胞株,配制0、5、10、20、40、80μg/mL不同质量浓度的HPC,采用细胞计数8(cell counting kit-8,CCK-8)试剂盒检测HPC对Huh-7细胞和过表达Traf6基因Huh-7细胞增殖的抑制作用,并选40μg/mL作为HPC实验质量浓度;利用实时定量聚合酶链反应检测Huh-7细胞中Traf6、NF-κB?p65、Bax和Caspase-3的mRNA表达水平;利用蛋白质免疫印迹法（Western blot）检测Huh-7细胞中Traf6、NF-κB p65、Bax和Caspase-3蛋白表达水平;利用Annexin V-FITC/PI凋亡检测试剂盒检测HPC对Huh-7细胞凋亡的影响。结果：HPC质量浓度大于20μg/mL时可以明显抑制Huh-7细胞增殖,并随HPC质量浓度升高Huh-7细胞的相对存活率显著降低（P<0.05）;Traf6蛋白过表达可以促进Huh-7细...     

葡萄籽原花青素通过Nrf2信号通路拮抗高糖高脂诱导的MIN6细胞铁死亡

目的：铁死亡可能是高糖高脂诱导胰岛β细胞死亡的一种主要形式,本研究探讨葡萄籽原花青素提取物（grape seed procyanidin extract,GSPE）对高糖高脂诱导胰岛β细胞铁死亡的拮抗作用机制。方法：用25 mmol/L葡萄糖和200μmol/L棕榈酸钠干预MIN6细胞建立胰岛β细胞损伤模型,进一步用不同质量浓度10、20、30、40、50、75、100 mg/L的GSPE以及核转录因子E2相关因子2(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,Nrf2)小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA)进行干预,用细胞计数试剂盒（cell counting kit-8 assay,CCK8）检测细胞活性,用试剂盒检测细胞内谷胱甘肽（glutathione,GSH）、丙二醛（malonaldehyde,MDA）含量以及活性氧（reactive oxygen species,ROS）水平,用Western blot检测Nrf2、血红素氧化酶1(heme oxygenase-1,HO-1)、醌氧化还原酶1(NA...     

植物多酚通过PI3K/Akt信号通路抗肿瘤作用研究进展

磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶B（phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine/threonine kinase B,PI3K/Akt）信号通路是一条经典的抑制细胞凋亡、促进细胞增殖的信号转导通路,在肿瘤、心血管疾病、神经系统疾病和糖尿病等的防治中发挥重要作用,特别是肿瘤。PI3K/Akt信号通路的异常活化与肿瘤的发生、侵袭和转移等过程密切相关,对该通路的研究已成为当今国内外治疗肿瘤的焦点。植物多酚因具有抗肿瘤作用而成为预防肿瘤的天然药物。本文综述了PI3K/Akt信号通路的结构、活化机制以及与肿瘤的关系,总结植物多酚通过该信号通路对肿瘤细胞的作用机制,以期为研发植物多酚作为预防肿瘤的保健食品或药品提供一定的科学依据。     

Cyanidin suppresses neoplastic cell transformation by directly targeting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase

Cyanidin, an anthocyanidin found in fruits and vegetables, has been reported to possess anti-cancer effects. However, there is no study on the chemopreventive effect of cyanidin against neoplastic cell transformation and its molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we compare the anti-carcinogenic effects of cyanidin and cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) and investigate their underlying mechanisms. The inhibitory effect of cyanidin on EGF-induced cell transformation was higher than those of C3G in JB6 P+ mouse epidermal (JB6 P+) cells. Both cyanidin and C3G showed dose-dependent radical scavenging activities. It is indicated that the divergent inhibitory effects of cyanidin and C3G are not due to their antioxidant activities. We found that cyanidin, but not C3G, inhibited the EGF-induced Akt/p70S6K phosphorylation. Moreover, cyanidin directly suppressed the activity of PI3K by binding to PI3K directly in an ATP-competitive manner, which indicates that PI3K is one of the molecular targets of cyanidin.     

The chemistry and medicinal uses of the underutilized Indian fruit tree Garcinia indica Choisy (kokum): A review

Garcinia indica Choisy Syn Brindonia indica, commonly known as kokum and belonging to Guttiferae family, is a plant native to certain regions of India. The trees yield fruits annually in the summer season during the months of March to May. The fruits are green when raw and red to dark purple when fully ripe. They are used to prepare juice, pickles and as acidulant in curries. In the traditional Indian system of medicine the Ayurveda and in various folk systems of medicine, the fruit rinds and leaves are used to treat various inflammatory ailments, rheumatic pain and bowel complaints. The kokum butter prepared from the seed is of both commercial and medicinal use. Chemical studies have shown that the rind contains protein, tannin, pectin, sugars, fat, organic acids like (−)-hydroxycitric acid, hydroxycitric acid lactone and citric acid; the anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside; and the polyisoprenylated phenolics garcinol and isogarcinol. Preclinical studies have shown that kokum or and some of its phytochemicals possess antibacterial, antifungal, anti-ulcerogenic, cardioprotective, anticancer, chemopreventive, free radical scavenging, antioxidant and anti-obesity effects. The present paper reviews the nutritional value, the phytochemical compounds, traditional uses and validated pharmacological properties of kokum.