润滑纳米添加剂表面化学修饰研究进展

表面化学修饰可改善纳米微粒的表而性质,提高纳米微粒在摹础油中的分散稳定性.综述了纳米微粒表面化学修饰研究的进展,并对各种修饰方法的原理及特点进行了归纳和探讨.     

MoS2的表面修饰与摩擦学性能研究

分别用油酸（OA）、司班-60（Span-60）、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）-二烷基二硫代磷酸吡啶盐（Py-DDP）对MoS2纳米微粒进行表面修饰，考察了修饰后微粒的形貌、在液体石蜡中的分散稳定性和润滑性能，并采用四球摩擦磨损机测试了其摩擦学性能。结果表明，选用不同修饰剂所得到的修饰MoS2纳米微粒的稳定性和摩擦学性能均有不同程度的提高，其中以CTAB—PyDDP修饰MoS2纳米微粒的分散稳定性更佳，摩擦学性能最好。     

含纳米金刚石微粒润滑剂抗接触疲劳性能的研究

对含纳米金刚石微粒的二相流体润滑剂,进行了钢-钢配副的抗接触疲劳性能研究。结果表明,含纳米金刚石微粒的二相流体润滑剂与基础油(N15全损耗系统用油)相比可以提高接触疲劳寿命,并且随着纳米金刚石质量分数的增加提高的幅度增大,当纳米金刚石质量分数在0.3％时,接触疲劳寿命L10仅提高3.62倍,而当纳米金刚石质量分数增加到3.0％时,接触疲劳寿命L10提高了13.85倍。同时通过对添加剂的物理性质分析、摩擦学性能分析及对润滑剂的理化性能分析等,研究了纳米金刚石微粒的抗疲劳作用机理,即纳米金刚石微粒在表面的滚动和润滑剂粘度增加的作用。     

纳米添加剂在润滑剂中的应用现状

由于纳米材料具有很多独特的优点,因此纳米添加剂在摩擦学中得到了广泛的应用,最近又发现在噪声控制方面纳米添加剂具有一定的优势。综述了纳米添加剂在润滑剂中的分散稳定性,在摩擦学和噪声控制方面的应用,以及纳米添加剂的减摩抗磨机制。     

聚乙二醇黄原酸修饰水溶性铜纳米微粒的制备及其摩擦学性能研究

采用聚乙二醇黄原酸为修饰剂,通过原位表面修饰技术制备得到粒径分布均匀,在水溶液中具有良好分散性及稳定性的铜纳米微粒。将所得聚乙二醇黄原酸修饰铜纳米微粒作为水基添加剂考察其抗腐蚀性能及摩擦学性能。结果表明:聚乙二醇黄原酸修饰铜微粒的加入有效提高了水基润滑剂的承载能力和极压性能,当铜微粒的质量分数为2%时,水基润滑剂的最大无卡咬负荷和烧结负荷分别增加到了274 N和7 840 N;同时聚乙二醇黄原酸修饰铜纳米微粒还可有效提高水基润滑剂的抗腐蚀性能。对磨斑表面进行的EDS及XPS表征显示,磨斑表面形成了含有铜及Fe S的边界润滑膜,该润滑膜能有效减少或避免摩擦表面直接的钢/钢接触,降低摩擦接触压,明显提升水基润滑剂的摩擦学性能。     

原位合成的纳米MoS_2微粒/聚酯聚合物改善航空润滑油抗磨性能的研究

研究了原位合成纳米MoS2 微粒 /聚酯聚合物的方法 ,试验了分散有纳米MoS2 微粒 /聚酯聚合物的航空润滑油的润滑性能。结果表明 ,在重载和高速滑动下 ,纳米MoS2 微粒 /聚酯聚合物改性的航空润滑油具有良好的润滑性能     

原位合成的纳米MoS2微粒/聚酯聚合物改善航空润滑油抗磨性能的研究

研究了原位合成纳米MoS2微粒／聚酯聚合物的疗法，试验了分散有纳米MoS2微粒／聚酯聚合物的航空润滑油的润滑性能。结果表明，在重载和高速滑动下，纳米MoS2微粒／聚酯聚合物改性的航空润滑油具有良好的润滑性能。     

纳米二硫化钼作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能研究

研究纳米二硫化钼作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能。以不同的表面活性剂和不同的超声波分散时间制备纳米二硫化钼润滑油,考察表面活性剂和超声波分散时间对纳米二硫化钼分散稳定性的影响。采用四球机和描电镜考察纳米二硫化钼在润滑油中的摩擦学性能。结果表明,2%油酸表面活性剂和超声波分散30 min可有效提高纳米二硫化钼在润滑油中的分散稳定性,纳米二硫化钼在润滑油中具有良好的抗磨性能、减摩性能,特别是0.01%二硫化钼在润滑油中的抗磨性能和高负荷下的减磨性能更为突出。     

用生物分子辅助技术获水溶性铜纳米颗粒

<正>中科院宁波材料所研究人员采用生物分子辅助合成技术,制备了具有高稳定分散的水溶性纳米铜颗粒,从而为合成在生物技术领域有潜在应用的多种纳米颗粒提供了一种有效方法。铜纳米颗粒在润滑剂、催化剂、电子材料和光学器件等领域发挥着重要作用。研究人员采用生物分子辅助合成技术,制备了具有高稳定分散的水溶性纳米铜颗粒,并分析了多巴胺对铜纳米颗粒的高效还原及优异稳定性的作用机制。该制备过程中不添加任何其他的介质稳定剂,有效     

表面修饰Bi纳米微粒的制备及摩擦学性能

为研究低熔点金属纳米微粒作为润滑油抗磨添加剂的摩擦学性能,采用原位表面修饰液相化学还原的方法,制备了硬脂酸修饰B i纳米微粒,通过XRD,TEM,FT-IR等分析手段对其形貌和结构进行了表征,在四球摩擦磨损试验机上考察了所制备表面修饰B i纳米微粒添加在液体石蜡中的减摩抗磨性能。结果表明,所合成的纳米微粒具有斜方晶型B i的晶体结构,平均粒径10~20 nm,分散好,颗粒之间无团聚现象,有机修饰层的存在防止了B i纳米微粒的氧化。硬脂酸修饰B i纳米微粒在中低负荷下作为润滑油添加剂具有良好的减摩性能和较好的抗磨性。     

环境友好润滑剂及其添加剂的摩擦学研究现状

综述了环境友好润滑剂及其添加剂的定义、分类及应用,介绍了生物降解润滑剂的定义及其试验方法与分类;简要介绍了生态毒性和基础的氧化稳定性试验方法;概述了国外环境友好润滑剂的发展状况,指出了国内开展相关研究工作的紧迫性。     

Vegetable oil-based lubricants—A review of oxidation

Vegetable oils are being investigated as a potential source of environmentally favourable lubricants, due to a combination of biodegradability, renewability and excellent lubrication performance. Low oxidation and thermal stability, poor low-temperature properties and narrow range of available viscosities, however, limit their potential application as industrial lubricants. This review addresses oxidation as a limitation of vegetable oil-based lubricants. The basic mechanism of vegetable oil autoxidation is presented, along with methods used to monitor and analyse the products of oxidation. The potential impact of such oxidation products on lubrication performance is discussed. A brief discussion of methods used to assess and improve oxidation stability completes the review.     

Study of Tribological Properties of Tallow Modified by Graphene and Expanded Graphite

Ecologically clean lubricants as well as bio-based lubricating grease with nanoparticle and other additives belonging to the new class of “green lubricants” are studied. The results of tallow-based lubricant composites modified by functional additives and nanoparticles of thermally expanded graphite and graphene are presented. Improvement of tribotechnical characteristics of lubricant composites in comparison to basic lubricants via addition of nanoparticles is determined.     

A study on the tribological characteristics of graphite nano lubricants

Many researchers have tried to improve the tribological characteristics of lubricants to decrease friction coefficients and wear rates. One approach is simply the use of additives in the base lubricant to change its properties. Recently, nanoparticles have emerged as a new kind of additive because of their size, shape and other properties. A nano lubricant is a new kind of engineering lubricant made of nanoparticles, dispersant, and base lubricant. In this study, graphite nanoparticles were used to fabricate nano lubricants with enhanced tribological properties and lubrication characteristics. The base lubricant used was industrial gear oil, which has a kinematic viscosity of 220 cSt at 40°C. To investigate the physical and tribological properties of nano lubricants, friction coefficients and temperatures were measured by a disk-on-disk tribotester. The surfaces of the fixed plates were observed by a scanning electron microscope and an atomic force microscope to analyze the characteristics of the friction surfaces. The results show that when comparing fixed plates coated with raw and nano lubricants, the plate coated with a nano lubricant containing graphite nanoparticles had a lower friction coefficient and less wear. These results indicate that graphite nanoparticle additives improve the lubrication properties of regular lubricants.     

铋系纳米材料在润滑中的应用

绿色金属铋系纳米材料在满足润滑剂环保要求同时也显示了良好的摩擦学性能。综述了近年来纳米材料的制备方法以及铋系纳米材料在润滑油脂中的作用机制和应用进展,并指出了铋系纳米材料作为润滑油脂添加剂在摩擦学中的研究发展趋势。铋系纳米材料在润滑油脂中的作用机制为:铋系纳米有机物易于吸附在摩擦金属表面上,生成了一层有机复合膜;由于铋金属纳米粒子带有电荷而向表面移动,并沉积于摩擦表面形成非晶体或无定形膜,从而起到减摩抗磨作用。铋纳米粒子在润滑油中的分散性和稳定性问题是影响其在润滑中推广应用的主要因素,通过改进纳米粒子的制备工艺及研制和合成新的分散剂和稳定剂,可解决润滑油中纳米粒子在苛刻条件下的稳定性。     

Tribological behavior of vegetable oil-based lubricants with nanoparticles of oxides in boundary lubrication conditions

This work studied the development of vegetable based lubricants and the addition of oxides nanoparticles (ZnO and CuO) as additive for extreme pressure (EP), exploring the EP and oil base influence in tribological behavior. The results showed that with the addition of nanoparticles to conventional lubricant, the tribological properties can be significantly improved. A smoother and more compact tribofilm has formed on the worn surface, which is responsible for the further reduced friction and wear. Also, lubricants developed from modified vegetable oil can replace mineral oil, improving the tribological and environmental characteristics. However, the addition of nanoparticles in vegetable base lubricants is not beneficial to wear reduction.     

两种分散剂对IF-WS2纳米粒子分散性能和摩擦性能的影响

研究甲基萘和聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺(PIBSI)两种分散剂对IF-WS 2纳米颗粒在基础油中的分散性能和摩擦性能的影响。使用722型分光光度计和四球摩擦试验机分别考察纳米WS 2润滑油在分散剂中的分散稳定性和摩擦性能,用激光粒度分析仪和红外光谱(FTIR)分析分散剂与WS 2纳米颗粒之间的作用机制。结果表明:甲基萘的分散效果和抗磨减摩效果最好,4%甲基萘分散的0.01%的纳米WS 2润滑油可以长期稳定保存,其纳米WS 2润滑油在490 N时的磨斑直径仅为0.540 mm,摩擦因数为0.11;甲基萘能够起到分散和抗磨减摩作用的原因是其对IF-WS 2纳米粒子具有一定的溶解作用。     

Lubricants with ceramic nanoadditives and wear-resistant surface structures of heavy-duty frictional joints

The addition of β-Sialon nanoparticles to lubricants in heavy-duty frictional joints is shown to be effective.     

植物油基润滑剂的化学修饰方法及进展*

植物油较差的氧化安定性和低温流动性是限制其作为润滑剂的关键因素，而化学修饰是一个良好的解决方案。对植物油的几种主流化学修饰方法的研究现状进行综述，包括环氧化、酯交换、氢化、脂肪酸内酯的合成；从反应机制、条件和产物性能方面对植物油修饰方法进行探讨，阐述各种修饰方法的优缺点；展望了植物油替代矿物润滑油的研究开发前景,并指出需在生物基润滑剂的分子设计、植物油化学修饰方法的工业化应用、改性植物油与添加剂的协同效应、规模化制备工艺等方面，对植物油基润滑剂的研究及应用进行深入研究。     

Novel refrigeration lubricants for use with HFC refrigerants

A series of fluorinated alkyl aryl ethers composed of hydrocarbon components, fluorinated alkyl groups and ether linkage groups were evaluated as refrigeration lubricants for use with hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants. The novel structure of these lubricants eliminates the problems of poor stability and high moisture absorption that are associated with conventional refrigeration lubricants for use with HFC refrigerants, such as polyalkylene glycol or polyol ester, which have a polar structure. The fluorinated alkyl aryl ethers show high miscibility with HFC refrigerants, high stability, excellent lubricity, and low moisture absorption. These characteristics make fluorinated alkyl aryl ethers well suited to serve as refrigeration lubricants for use with HFC refrigerants.