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改进的Hough变换实现圆检测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了自动检测出图像中的圆并精确测量其参数,提出一种改进的点Hough变换圆检测方法.首先对提取边缘后的轮廓进行一次筛选,得到所有的连续边缘轮廓;然后进行二次筛选,排除那些明显不可能为圆的图形,获得最终候选边缘轮廓.对候选边缘点组进行快速点Hough变换圆检测,计算圆的直径值和圆心坐标值,在检测过程中,采用自适应的点选择步长值和累加器判断阈值.利用VC+ +6.0开发了圆检测系统实验软件,并进行了对比实验,结果表明该方法可以有效解决原算法中固定值导致检测精度不高、误检测和漏检测的问题. 相似文献
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传统的圆度检测手段存在效率低、设备投资大和互换性差等不同缺点。已有的自动检测装置要求测量装置中心与被测件圆心必须重合。针对上述问题提出基于计算机和传感器技术的圆度自动检测系统的设计。在检测装置中心与被测件圆心不重合时,利用软件根据检测数据计算被测孔圆心坐标,进而实现对孔圆度的计算,速度快,精度高。 相似文献
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基于几何优化的圆度误差评定算法 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
针对圆度误差的特点,提出一种基于几何优化的圆度误差评定算法。建立直角坐标采样、可同时实现圆度误差的最小区域法、最小外接圆法和最大内接圆法评定的评定模型。详细阐述利用几何优化算法求解圆度误差的过程和步骤,给出数学计算公式及计算机程序流程图。该算法不要求等间隔测量,不采用最优化及线性化方法,也无需满足小误差和小偏差假设,只需重复调用点与点之间的距离公式;其原理是以初始参考点为基准,布置一定边长的正六边形,依次以各顶点为理想圆心计算所有测点的半径值,通过比较、判断及重复设置六边形来获得相应评定方法(最小区域圆法、最小外接圆法和最大内接圆法)的圆度误差值。试验结果表明,该算法可以有效、正确地评定圆度误差。 相似文献
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《制造技术与机床》2021,(5)
针对圆环柱体零件圆心点的坐标如何定位和定位数据的异常波动问题,基于对圆环柱体零件边缘点检测坐标分布情况进行了研究,提出了四分位数展布法处理数据异常值和基于最小二乘法拟合圆曲线相结合的方法。首先对采集到的图像进行滤波、增强的预处理,其次对原图像转换得到的灰度图像进行基于Canny的边缘检测算法,提取轮廓边缘点坐标。最终进行边缘点坐标拟合环节,将边缘点到平均值中心点的距离的平方做成顺序排列数列,先用四分位数展布法对边缘点坐标的异常值进行筛除,再用数列中的众数所代表的边缘点坐标代替异常值点的坐标,最后利用最小二乘法对处理后的坐标数据进行圆拟合得出圆心的精确坐标值。经过基于OpenCV的圆心定位系统和进给设备的实验验证,表明该方法可以提高圆心坐标点的精确度,并提高了进给设备的准确度。 相似文献
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与工件圆度的误差评价相比,实现对不具有单圈重复性的主轴回转精度的评价较为困难.在分析主轴轴线定义及理想轴心可观测性的基础上,建立单圈非重复性主轴回转精度评价的数学模型,针对该数学模型,进行主轴回转误差的集合转换,使得转换后的集合能够适应于计算机处理的误差评价方法.然后利用极差极小化的原理,建立最小区域法的误差评定统一准则和作用表面的统一判别准则.利用这两个评判准则,可以顺利实现对主轴回转误差的最小区域法评价、最小外切圆法评价和最大内接圆法评价,从而提高单圈非重复性主轴回转误差的评价精度,同时也提高误差评价的效率. 相似文献
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Following the minimum zone criterion set forth in the current ANSI and ISO standards, evaluation of roundness error is formulated as a non-differentiable unconstrained optimization problem and hard to handle. The maximum inscribed circle and minimum circumscribed circle are all easily solved by iterative comparisons, so the relationship between the minimum zone circle and maximum inscribed circle, minimum circumscribed circle is proposed to solve efficiently the minimum zone problem. Based on the known minimum zone circle, the maximum inscribed circle and minimum circumscribed circle can be easily determined. The relationship is implemented and validated with the data available in the literature. 相似文献
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There have been many studies to evaluate the form error of a circle. Most of them, such as the optimum methods and limacon model, employed the approximate solution to obtain the desired results. In this paper, three mathematical models depending on the method used to select the exact control points are constructed to evaluate the analytic solution of the minimum circumscribed circle, the maximum inscribed circle and the minimum zone circle by directly resolving the simultaneous linear algebraic equations. These new and simple mathematical methods are verified to be useful for determining the exact solution. 相似文献
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《Measurement》2016
A joint method based on the relative diameter is introduced for evaluating the minimum circumscribed circle and maximum inscribed circle in this article. The definition and calculation of the relative diameter is given in detail. The proposed method is an approximate method based on the least square circle solution, and just for the minimum circumscribed circle and maximum inscribed circle criteria. Several examples from the literatures have been carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. 相似文献
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A new method for roundness error evaluation using polar coordinate system, named as polar coordinate transform algorithm (PCTA), was presented in this paper. The algorithm first allocates a circular region around the least square circle center following certain rules, then calculates the polar radius for all measured points by translating polar coordinate system to each point in the region in turn, and finally obtains minimum circumscribed center point, maximum inscribed center point and minimum zone center point from comparing each polar radius relative to each polar coordinate system. With accurate center point, the algorithm could give more accurate roundness evaluation. In the paper, the process of PCTA was described in detail including the algorithm formula and flowchart. Theoretical calculation and testing results show that PCTA can evaluate roundness error effectually and accurately. 相似文献
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针对工程应用中圆度误差评定方法存在理论深奥、计算复杂、检测效率低且不适用于大容量采样点的问题,提出了一种基于误差转换及图像域的圆度误差评定方法。该方法首先将图像域测量得到的原始圆度误差进行转换,使其满足误差评定的要求;然后以最小二乘圆为起始圆,寻求半径或半径差的“极大中的极小”,通过对最小二乘圆进行小尺度平移,并用遗传算法得到该平移规划坐标,从而获得平移后的理想圆并求得圆度误差值;最后对某型号零件进行试验,试验结果与用三坐标测量得到的结果相吻合,表明该方法可以有效、正确地进行圆度误差的评定。 相似文献