光纤传感器及其在流量测控中的应用

主要说明了光纤传感技术及在流体测量领域的应用及发展情况。概要地介绍了光纤传感器的原理和特点，当前光纤传感器在流量测控领域的应用，详细阐述了光纤涡轮流量计、光纤涡街流量计、光纤多普勒流速计、干涉型光纤流量计、光栅式光纤流量计和多相流量计的组成、原理和使用特点等。     

光纤传感测温技术及其应用

本文介绍了光纤传感测量技术的原理、特点和光纤测量仪的结构，给出了光纤测温应用的例子，并对光纤传感测温技术的应用前景进行了展望。     

光时域智能测试仪在光纤测试中的应用

介绍了光时域智能测试仪的一般工作原理，讨论了光纤损耗，并针对在光纤长度、光纤损耗等进行测试时存在的测试误差问题，给出了熔接、对接衰耗、测试盲区、不同折射率的光纤测试解决方案，从测试使用角度出发，介绍了降低测试误差，并提高测试精度的方法。     

光纤电压传感器传感头的设计

基于逆压电效应原理，介绍了光纤电压传感器的工作原理，提出了一种全新的传感头设计方案，为光纤电压传感器测量高电压提出了理论依据。     

大屏幕激光显示系统中光纤混色技术的耦合过程分析

介绍了在大屏幕激光显示系统中光纤混色技术的原理，并且通过实验方法讨论了在激光和光纤耦合过程中透镜的选择、数值孔径的匹配、消色差组合透镜的作用、对入射光线的要求和光能的损失等问题，从而能提高激光经光纤混色后的光束成象质量。     

基于虚拟仪器技术的光纤测温系统设计

介绍了光纤单色辐射式测温原理，建立了测温系统数学模型，针对恶劣环境下的温度测量问题，利用石英光纤束和窄带滤光片，设计了基于虚拟仪器技术的实时测温系统，阐述了系统工作原理和实现方法，以及系统的硬件和软件结构，说明了在虚拟仪器开发平台上进行数据采集与数据分析的实现方法，采用单片机硬件系统和LabVIEW软件系统以保证测量精度和稳定性，并实现了数据的存储和远程显示。本系统具有操作方便、可靠性高、功能全和可扩展性强等优点。     

应用光纤位移传感器的润滑油膜厚度检测方法的研究

提出了一种新的应用光纤位移传感器测量润滑油膜状态的方法。介绍了光纤位移传感器的结构和工作原理，并给出了光纤位移传感器测润滑油膜厚度的测量装置系统的没计概要和实验结果。实验测试的结果与数学模型的结论相吻合，从而为润滑油膜状态的测量提供了有效的测试手段。     

光纤磁场传感器的磁场探头设计

光纤磁场传感器的探头是光纤磁场传感器中最关键的部分，它直接影响到传感器的测量精度。根据光纤传感器的测量要求和磁敏元件(磁光晶体：BiGd：YIG-Y3-x-yBixGdyFe3O12)的工作原理及特点，必须在光纤磁场传感器探头中产生线偏振光，同时为了在磁敏元件加入传感器探头后不至于增加固有损耗，故在探头两端使用了两个光纤准直器。介绍了在探头设计中，各部分的工作原理和结构特点。     

光纤油轮液位测试仪

光纤油轮液位测试仪由光纤液位传感器、光纤温度传感器及二次仪表组成，本文简要地叙述了光纤液位传感器、光纤温度传感器的工作原理。     

光纤传感技术在桥梁检测中的应用

介绍了国内外桥梁检测技术的发展与应用现状，着重论述光纤传感技术在国内外桥梁检测中的研究与应用，并以应变检测为例介绍光纤传感技术在检测桥梁中的检测原理，方法与最新研究成果，文章最后指出桥梁检测中光纤传感技术的发展方向。     

Detecting acoustic-emission signals with fiber-optic interference transducers

Results of the analysis of acoustic-emission signals generated due to ultrasonic waves propagating in a polymer composite material and registered with piezoelectric and fiber-optic sensors are presented. The fiber-optic sensors were arranged into an adaptive interferometer based on using a dynamic hologram formed in a photorefractive crystal. Reducing the setpoint fading has made it possible to improve the noise immunity and sensitivity of the measurement system when using an adaptive interferometer on a photorefractive crystal. Optical fibers in the interferometer’s measurement system served as sensors of ultrasonic waves and were built into a polymer composite material when the sample was manufactured. The sample was a rectangular plate made of a multilayer fiberglass material. It has been discovered that the sensitivity of the adaptive interferometer makes it possible to detect acoustic- emission signals generated by a Hsu–Nielsen source. When determining the speed of sound in the polymer composite material, peculiarities of registering a group wave by fiber-optic sensors have been established that are due to the anisotropy of the medium the wave propagates in and the distributed character of sensor placement in the studied composite material. The wavelet transform has been used to separate the informative component of the wanted signal.     

In-situ measurement of the adsorption thermodynamics of rutin on macroporous adsorption resins by fiber-optic sensing

This paper describes instrumentation of a spectrophotometric system and its application for in-situ, real-time measurement of adsorption thermodynamics in aqueous solution by use of laboratory-constructed fiber-optic measurements. A measurement vessel was assembled from an adsorption bag, stirring and thermostatic devices, and a fiber-optic dipping probe. A macroporous adsorption resin and rutin were selected as the model adsorbent and adsorbate. In-situ liquid phase adsorption measurement of the system was achieved through monitoring of the absorption by dipping the probe in a broad range of concentrations. In-situ measurement of the AB-8 resin adsorption at temperatures from 303?K to 323?K was systematically carried out, showing that temperature was an influencing factor for the adsorption capacity and initial adsorption rate. The adsorption thermodynamic parameters for AB-8 indicated that the results well fitted the Freundlich model. In addition, a favorable, exothermic, spontaneous, physical process of rutin was demonstrated on AB-8. The obtained results showed that this method was successful at keeping the adsorption temperature constant. The application of fiber-optic sensing to the in-situ measurement of liquid phase adsorption enables automated and real-time monitoring of adsorption thermodynamics.     

用于燃气轮机动态间隙检测的光纤测量系统(II):实验与应用研究

建立了一种利用光纤测量技术实现燃气轮机动态间隙检测的实验系统，详细描述了系统的构成。实验结果表明，该实验系统能够实现对燃气轮机内部环境恶劣、高温、转速高达10000转／min的叶顶间隙的测量，所得到的数据重复性好。规律一致，说明该光纤测量系统有足够的精度，在燃气轮机、汽轮机等旋转机械的动态间隙监测领域有着广泛的应用前景。     

一种光纤光栅渗压计的研制

为解决传统电类渗压传感器在野外使用时易受雷击,在复杂电磁干扰下受干扰严重难以正常工作,且测量信号不易远距离传输,不带温度补偿功能等问题,该文设计了一种带温度补偿的光纤式渗压传感器,重点阐述了光纤光栅渗压传感器工作原理和结构设计,参照相关标准对传感器性能进行了验证,其重复性误差0.5%FS,迟滞误差0.5%FS,综合误差1%FS。实验结果表明,该传感器测量精度高,测量稳定性好,特别适合于在水利水电工程、交通工程、市政建筑等领域渗透压力、扬压力的测量。     

温度外推在瞬态高温测试中的应用

借助蓝宝石光纤温度传感器和多路数据采集卡,根据传热学的基本原理,建立了瞬态高温的黑体腔外推测试模型,并通过有限差分逼近外推法实现了对瞬态高温的测量.在此基础上,利用氢氧焰来模拟瞬态高温热源,得到了传感器和红外测温仪测得的黑体腔内外膜层温度变化曲线,从而验证了该外推模型及方法的正确性.     

Fast fiber-optic multi-wavelength pyrometer

A fast fiber-optic multi-wavelength pyrometer was developed for the ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectra from 200 nm to 1700 nm using a CCD detector and an InGaAs detector. The pyrometer system conveniently and quickly provides the sufficient choices of multiple measurement wavelengths using optical diffraction, which avoids the use of narrow-band filters. Flexible optical fibers are used to transmit the radiation so the pyrometer can be used for temperature measurements in harsh environments. The setup and calibrations (wavelength calibration, nonlinearity calibration, and radiation response calibration) of this pyrometer system were described. Development of the multi-wavelength pyrometer involved optimization of the bandwidth and temperature discrimination of the multiple spectra data. The analysis results showed that the wavelength intervals, Δλ(CCD) = 30 nm and Δλ(InGaAs) = 50 nm, are the suitable choices as a tradeoff between the simple emissivity model assumption and the multiple signal discrimination. The temperature discrimination was also quantificationally evaluated for various wavelengths and temperatures. The measurement performance of the fiber-optic multi-wavelength pyrometer was partially verified through measurements with a high-temperature blackbody and actual hot metals. This multi-wavelength pyrometer can be used for remote high-temperature measurements.     

光纤陀螺用SLD的光功率自动控制的实验研究

光纤陀螺(FOG)所用光源的特性对光纤陀螺的性能有很大的影响,着重介绍半导体光源超辐射二极管(SLD)的特性,以及SLD的稳定性对光纤陀螺的影响。针对环境温度和驱动电流对SLD光功率稳定性的影响,设计光功率控制方案及相应的驱动控制电路。     

光纤传感干度测量仪研制

运用光纤传感技术研制的干度测量仪．通过水汽两相流在光学界面上不同折射率具有的不同反应．直接得出干度变化的响应值。从理论上分析了干度测量仪的工作原理，并实验证明可以连续、在线测量，可在高温、高压的狭窄空间工作。     

基于光纤传感的内螺纹参数非接触测量

针对传统内螺纹参数接触测量方法的不足,提出采用光纤位移传感的方法实现内螺纹参数的非接触测量。介绍了反射式强度调制型光纤位移传感器的工作原理,讨论了基于光纤传感的内螺纹参数非接触测量方法的检测原理;对光纤传感探头的设计进行了理论分析,并通过实验验证了光纤探头采用双层接收光纤结构的合理性。     

Shape measurement based on fiber-optic technique for complex internal surface

Reverse engineering based on fiber-optic technique is a very new topic in CAD/CAM fields. A novel single-mode fiber-optic sensor is presented based on the principle of beam reflection to implement the digitizing of complex surface shape. The fibers in the sensor probe are arranged like a spoke with eight symmetrically cross-arranged receiving fibers and one centered emitting fiber. Thus, the sensor can compensate for the offsets caused by fluctuations of surface reflectivity and light power and is fit for application under rough and formidable conditions with noncontact, fast shape measurement. A prototype was developed based on the simulation results to verify the feasibility. With the GRIN lens on the exit end of the single-mode emitting fiber, the lateral resolution was greatly improved compared with former multimode fiber-optic displacement sensors. Preliminary experiments indicated that the estimated uncertainty of displacement measurement was better than ±2 μm, and the uncertainty of ±5.6 μm can be obtained when measuring a MJ20×1.5 thread.