CVD金刚石涂层刀具铣削高体分SiCp/Al复合材料特性研究

以65%高体分SiC颗粒增强铝基(SiCp/Al)复合材料为试件材料,采用热丝化学气相沉积(Chemical Vapor Deposition,CVD)法制备的硬质合金常规(μm级)金刚石薄膜涂层立式键槽铣刀进行铣削试验,研究铣削力的变化规律、工件表面的微观形貌,以及刀具的磨损和刀具寿命,并与未涂层硬质合金铣刀进行对比,分析了该材料的铣削机理,评价了金刚石薄膜涂层铣刀的涂层效果。结果表明:在相同的切削用量条件下,金刚石涂层刀具比未涂层硬质合金刀具的各向铣削力降低20%~60%;加工初期,未涂层硬质合金刀具所获得的工件表面质量较好,但在加工中后期,未涂层硬质合金刀具所获得的工件表面质量迅速恶化,而金刚石涂层刀具所加工工件的表面质量较为稳定,刀具寿命比未涂层硬质合金刀具提高了3~5倍,因此,常规金刚石薄膜涂层刀具较适合应用于高体分SiCp/Al复合材料的粗加工或半精加工。     

金刚石涂层刀具铣削高硅铝合金的性能研究

选用未涂层、TiAlN涂层及金刚石涂层整体硬质合金两刃平头立铣刀,在相同切削参数下进行高硅铝合金的高速铣削加工试验。试验结果表明:金刚石涂层铣刀具有良好的耐磨性,在切削过程中刀刃磨损均匀缓慢,刀具使用寿命长,加工表面粗糙度值稳定性好,是铣削高硅铝合金的理想刀具。     

铣削碳纤维复合材料刀具磨损试验研究

采用未涂层和CVD金刚石薄膜涂层两种硬质合金铣刀,对碳纤维复合材料进行铣削试验,使用3D激光扫描镜对刀具磨损形貌和磨损量进行测量,分析了刀具的磨损机理和切削用量对刀具磨损的影响。试验结果表明：后刀面磨损是两种刀具的主要磨损形式,磨损机理为磨料磨损,未涂层硬质合金铣刀同时存在着刀具破损现象;切削速率和背吃刀量对刀具后刀面的磨损影响较为显著;未涂层与CVD金刚石薄膜涂层硬质合金铣刀相比较,后刀面的磨损量保持在2．3—3．8倍之间,从刀具的耐磨性考虑,CVD金刚石薄膜涂层硬质合金铣刀可以用于碳纤维复合材料的生产加工。     

两种铣刀在切削碳纤维增强塑料时的磨损机理

用TiB2涂层硬质合金铣刀和金刚石涂层硬质合金铣刀分别对碳纤维增强塑料进行铣削加工试验,通过扫描电镜、三维视频显微镜等研究了两种涂层刀具的磨损形态和磨损机理。结果表明:刀具交替切削软的树脂基体和高强度的碳纤维而产生的交变应力以及高强度碳纤维对切削刃的高频冲击作用是促使刀具发生崩刃和涂层剥落的主要原因;金刚石涂层刀具由于有极高的硬度和耐磨性,其使用寿命明显高于TiB2涂层刀具,且加工表面的粗糙度低于TiB2涂层刀具的;两种刀具铣削碳纤维增强塑料的磨损机理均为磨料磨损。     

CVD金刚石刀具的微细铣削仿真及试验研究

为研究切削参数对CVD金刚石微铣刀切削性能的影响,运用扩展有限元法对CVD金刚石微刀具的铣削加工和刀具损伤应力进行仿真模拟,研究了铣削加工后工件的表面粗糙度随切削参数的变化规律,分析了切削参数对微铣刀失效的影响,并通过试验验证了仿真结果的正确性。研究结果表明:在CVD金刚石微铣刀加工TC4钛合金时,铣削深度和每齿进给量的增加不利于工件加工质量的改善;铣削速度增加对工件加工表面粗糙度影响较小;铣削深度是影响刀具失效的主要因素,铣削速度和每齿进给量是影响刀具失效的次要因素。     

YT15硬质合金成形铣刀的金刚石涂层制备及应用研究北大核心

针对YT15硬质合金B212型成形铣刀片,采用两种不同的化学试剂对硬质合金基体预处理,以热丝化学气相沉积的方法沉积微米级金刚石薄膜。以65%高体分SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料为试件材料,对比考察了金刚石薄膜涂层成形铣刀与未涂层硬质合金铣刀的切削特性,从而对铣刀的涂层效果进行评价。结果表明:经预处理后的YT类硬质合金表面粗糙度较YG类减小约10%,以平行布置热丝方式和现有的沉积工艺涂覆的金刚石薄膜均匀性较好;涂覆的金刚石薄膜在铣削过程中具有良好的附着强度,且经酸碱预处理及相应的涂层工艺较适合此类材料的粗加工,醇碱预处理方法较适合其半精加工;涂层刀具持续加工后的工件表面质量优于且稳定于未涂层刀具。     

微铣刀在位放电制备及微铣削实验

在微细铣削加工中,微铣刀的径向跳动会降低工件的加工精度与表面质量,还会减少刀具使用寿命。为了减少刀具径跳,基于在位制备的思想,介绍了线电极电火花磨削(WEDG)加工微铣刀的原理,搭建了实验平台,设计了在位制备微铣刀的工艺过程和加工参数,提出了放电感知在位检测刀具尺寸的方法,利用WEDG技术制造出刀头直径为76.59μm的微铣刀,并加工出了平均槽宽78.40μm,平均表面粗糙度值Ra 77.50 nm的微结构。     

硬质合金立铣刀螺旋槽磨削表面粗糙度模型研究

基于立铣刀螺旋槽的加工原理,根据安装参数确定砂轮磨削螺旋槽的磨削接触区;分析螺旋槽磨削接触区内砂轮与工件的等效直径和有效速度,发现立铣刀螺旋槽磨削既有外圆磨削的特点也有内圆磨削的特征。考虑硬质合金工件材料塑性隆起和砂轮速度与工件速度之间夹角对表面粗糙度的影响,建立立铣刀螺旋槽磨削表面粗糙度计算模型,分析砂轮直径、砂轮速度和工件进给速度对磨削表面粗糙度的影响。在五轴联动数控工具磨床上使用金刚石平行砂轮进行螺旋槽磨削试验。使用超景深显微镜对立铣刀螺旋槽磨削表面形貌进行分析,使用白光干涉仪测量螺旋槽磨削表面粗糙度大小。试验结果验证了硬质合金立铣刀螺旋槽磨削表面粗糙度计算模型的正确性。该模型为其他整体式刀具螺旋槽磨削表面粗糙度的计算提供了理论参考。     

Vit1块体金属玻璃微铣削表面粗糙度试验研究

为研究金属玻璃的微铣削表面粗糙度,采用直径为0.5 mm的双刃硬质合金微铣刀,在Vit1块体金属玻璃表面加工微尺度沟槽结构;以试件表面粗糙度Ra值为衡量指标,利用三因素五水平正交试验方法分析主轴转速、进给速度和铣削深度对微铣削表面质量的影响。试验结果表明:主轴转速对表面质量影响最为显著,而进给速度影响较小。对影响表面质量及形貌的原因进行了深入分析,其结果对研究Vit1块体金属玻璃的微铣削加工机理具有一定的借鉴意义。     

CVD金刚石涂层刀具高效铣削天然理石的切削特性实验研究

为研究天然理石切削过程中刀具切削力与切削质量变化特性,利用CVD金刚石薄膜涂层刀具和未涂层硬质合金刀具进行高效铣削实验。基于刀具-工件几何接触关系,推导铣削力数学模型,分析不同类型刀具切削力、工件表面粗糙度随切削参数和切削时间变化特性。研究表明:金刚石涂层刀具切削力明显小于未涂层硬质合金刀具,2种类型刀具的切削力随切削参数的变化特征基本相同;随着切削时间的增加,刀具切削力变化分为4个阶段:初始磨合阶段、稳定阶段、过渡阶段和刀具磨损加剧阶段。金刚石涂层刀具切削磨合期和稳定期持续时间为未涂层刀具的3.5倍,切削力和工件表面粗糙度变化比较平稳;未涂层刀具切削平稳期持续时间很短,切削力增长趋势明显,且在切削力增长后期工件表面粗糙度达到2.5μm。     

Cutting performance of nano-crystalline diamond (NCD) coating in micro-milling of Ti6Al4V alloy

Hard coatings are an important factor affecting the cutting performance of tools. In particular, they directly affect tool life, cutting forces, surface quality and burr formation in the micro-milling process. In this study, the performance of nano-crystalline diamond (NCD) coated tools was evaluated by comparing it with TiN-coated, AlCrN-coated and uncoated carbide tools in micro-milling of Ti₆Al₄V alloy. A series of micro-milling tests was carried out to determine the effects of coating type and machining conditions on tool wear, cutting force, surface roughness and burr size. Flat end-mill tools with two flutes and a diameter of 0.5 mm were used in the micro-milling process. The minimum chip thickness depending on both the cutting force and the surface roughness were determined. The results showed that the minimum chip thickness is about 0.3 times that of the cutter corner radius for Ti₆Al₄V alloy and changes very little with coating type. It was observed from wear tests that the dominant wear mechanism was abrasion. Maximum wear occurred on NCD-coated and uncoated tools. In addition, maximum burr size was obtained in the cutting process with the uncoated tool.     

微细加工中的微型铣床、微刀具 磨损及切削力的实验研究

由于微机电系统(Micro Electro Mechanical System,MEMS)在微小零件加工中存在不足,微细铣削加工作为一项补充技术正在日益受到人们的重视。介绍了研制的微型精密三轴联动立式铣床(300 mm×300 mm×290 mm)的系统构成,开发了中文控制软件并集成了视频采集系统,此设备在薄膜型工件(膜厚65 μm)的微槽加工中取得了满意的效果(膜厚方向上材料去除率90.7%,成品率大于80%)。对微径端铣刀进行了力学特性分析,并通过刀具磨损试验分析了微径硬质合金TiA1N涂层及非涂层铣刀的磨损机理。最后通过槽铣硬铝2A12的试验研究了切削用量(主轴转速、背吃刀量和每齿进给量)对微细铣削力的影响,为微细铣削切削机理的深入研究奠定了基础。     

EFFECT OF COATING ROUGHNESS ON PERFORMANCE OF SMALL CVD DIAMOND COATED TOOLS

□ Small milling tools for dental application were diamond coated by means of Hot Filament CVD (HFCVD). Different thicknesses were obtained by using different diamond deposition times (3 and 12 h) and seeding conditions. The surface roughness was measured for coated and uncoated mills and milling tests were performed to measure the cutting forces. A ceramic material and a polymeric matrix composite (PMC) were used as workpiece materials. The highest cutting forces were measured for the coated tool with the highest thickness of the diamond coating. Probably, roughness increase and non-optimal edge profiles affect the tool behavior during cutting. As a consequence, tool failure was observed in the case of milling of ceramic by means of the coated tool with the highest coating thickness. The coated tool with a lower thickness of the diamond coating showed an optimal behavior under cutting, above all in the case of PMC milling.     

Approach for Polishing Diamond Coated Complicated Cutting Tool: Abrasive Flow Machining(AFM)

Lower surface roughness and sharper cutting edge are beneficial for improving the machining quality of the cut?ting tool, while coatings often deteriorate them. Focusing on the diamond coated WC?Co milling cutter, the abrasive flow machining(AFM) is selected for reducing the surface roughness and sharpening the cutting edge. Comparative cutting tests are conducted on di erent types of coated cutters before and after AFM, as well as uncoated WC?Co one, demonstrating that the boron?doped microcrystalline and undoped fine?grained composite diamond coated cutter after the AFM(AFM?BDM?UFGCD) is a good choice for the finish milling of the 6063 Al alloy in the present case, because it shows favorable machining quality close to the uncoated one, but much prolonged tool lifetime. Besides, compared with the micro?sized diamond films, it is much more convenient and e cient to finish the BDM?UFGCD coated cutter covered by nano?sized diamond grains, and resharpen its cutting edge by the AFM, owing to the lower initial surface roughness and hardness. Moreover, the boron incorporation and micro?sized grains in the underly?ing layer can enhance the film?substrate adhesion, avoid the rapid film removal in the machining process, and thus maximize the tool life(1040 m, four times more than the uncoated one). In general, the AFM is firstly proposed and discussed for post?processing the diamond coated complicated cutting tools, which is proved to be feasible for improving the cutting performance     

CVD金刚石厚膜刀具切削性能的试验研究

分析了CVD金刚石厚膜刀具材料的性能特点 ,对CVD金刚石厚膜车刀进行了精密切削和难加工复合材料切削试验 ,结果表明 :CVD金刚石厚膜刀具加工铝合金的表面粗糙度可达Ra0 0 5 μm ;切削难加工复合材料时刀具耐磨性和使用寿命明显优于硬质合金刀具、PCBN刀具和PCD刀具     

TiAlN涂层硬质合金刀具铣削35CrMoSiV钢的切削性能研究

采用有和无PVD TiAlN涂层的细晶硬质合金铣刀对35CrMoSiV合金钢进行了干式端面铣削试验。分别测量了有、无涂层情况下铣刀后刀面径向磨损量和加工槽的表面粗糙度,通过光学显微镜观察了切屑,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和电子能谱(EDX)分析了后刀面的磨损形态。研究结果表明:TiAlN涂层明显提高了硬质合金刀具的切削性能;硬质合金刀具后刀面磨损机制主要为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损,而涂层损伤是粘着磨损、剥层和氧化磨损共同作用的结果;在正常工作区内,提高铣削的转速和进给量,有利于减轻刀具的粘着,提高切削效率和质量。     

An experimental investigation on micro machining of fine-grained graphite

Industrial applications of the micro milling process require sufficient experimental data from various micro tools. Research has been carried out on micro milling of various engineering materials in the past two decades. However, there is no report in the literature on micro milling of graphite. This paper presents an experimental investigation on micro machinability of micro milling of moulded fine-grained graphite. Full immersion slot milling was conducted using diamond-coated, TiAlN-coated and uncoated tungsten carbide micro end mills with a uniform tool diameter of 0.5 mm. The experiments were carried out on a standard industrial precision machining centre with a high-speed micro machining spindle. Design of experiments (DoE) techniques were applied to design and analysis of the machining process. Surface roughness, surface topography and burrs formation under varying machining conditions were characterized using white light interferometry, SEM and a precision surface profiler. Influence of variation of cutting parameters including cutting speeds, feedrate and axial depth of cut on surface roughness and surface damage was analysed using ANOVA method. The experimental results show that feedrate has the most significant influence on surface roughness for all types of tools, and diamond tools are not sensitive to cutting speed and depth of cut. Surface damage and burrs analysis show that the primary material removal mode is still brittle fracture or partial ductile in the experimental cutting conditions. 3D intricate micro EDM electrodes were fabricated with good dimensional accuracy and surface finishes using optimized machining conditions to demonstrate that micro milling is an ideal process for graphite machining.     

高硅铝合金的金刚石涂层刀具铣削损伤机理研究

高硅铝合金由于硅含量很高,故切削加工性较差,切削刀具极易磨损且已加工表面存在大量缺陷.为进一步研究材料加工损伤,采用化学气相沉积法制备了金刚石涂层铣刀,开展70％Si/Al(70％指质量分数)合金材料铣削试验.试验研究了铣削力、刀具磨损及加工损伤机理,并与常用TiN涂层铣刀进行了对比.结果 表明:铣削过程中由于初晶硅硬...     

单晶DD98微尺度铣削表面质量试验研究

为探究单晶DD98微尺度铣削的表面质量,采用直径为0.6mm的微铣刀对单晶DD98进行三因素五水平的微尺度铣削正交试验。通过极差分析和方差分析发现：主轴转速对DD98表面质量的影响最大,铣削深度的影响次之,进给速度的影响最小;单晶DD98表面质量最好的工艺参数组合为主轴转速36000r/min,铣削深度5μm,进给速度100μm/s。得到了主轴转速、铣削深度和进给速度对表面质量的影响规律,并对其机理进行了分析,从而为单晶DD98材料的微尺度铣削加工提供理论依据。