影响风力发电机翼型气动性能的因素研究

翼型气动性能的优劣影响着风力发电机的发电效率,研究影响叶片翼型气动性能的因素具有重要意义。本文采用数值方法计算了文献中NACA0012翼型在Re=10^6时的气动性能参数并与试验值比较,验证了数值方法的正确性。通过对相对厚度、相对弯度、雷诺数等影响翼型气动特性的参数进行研究,结果表明:相对厚度小的翼型在小攻角范围可以获得更好的气动性能;当攻角大于失速角12°后,相对厚度大的翼型的气动性能更佳。在0°~20°攻角范围内,相对弯度和雷诺数越大,翼型的气动性能越好。     

基于Profili环境下翼型影响因素的研究

为了深入了解翼型的气动特性,对翼型气动特性影响因素——雷诺数、相对厚度、相对弯度进行了相关研究。对EPPLER 561翼型进行一定的厚度修型、弯度修型,并通过Profili空气动力学分析软件对修型翼型进行对比分析,得出了弯度、厚度对翼型气动特性的影响,同时得出翼型在不同雷诺数条件下的升阻特性曲线。     

不同厚度翼型对气动特性及叶片强度的影响

在小雷诺数条件下,采用N—S方程研究了-4°～10°迎角下不同厚度翼型对气动特性的影响规律,迭代计算结果表明：厚度较小的翼型在某一小攻角下获得最大的升阻比。并利用Solidworks软件,分析了三种不同厚度翼型叶片的应力分布,结果表明,三种翼型叶片均满足强度要求。     

雷诺数对风力机专用翼型气动性能影响的研究

雷诺数是影响翼型气动特性的主要参数之一,当雷诺数在5×10~5～1×10~7范围内变化时,基于N-S控制方程,对S827翼型在攻角α为-14°～45°范围内变化时的气动特性进行数值计算,研究了雷诺数对该翼型的升力特性、阻力特性、最大升力系数、最大升阻比、流动分离特性、失速特性等气动特性的影响.     

摆线S型可反向轴流风机翼型的研究

提出了一种“摆线S型可反向轴流风机翼型”,介绍了该翼型的成型方法、弯度的选择范围及工作冲角范围,并将四种不同弯度的翼型吹风试验结果与双圆弧S型翼型和双头双机翼S型翼型作了比较,表明弯度(?)=3.96%的BX-S 396翼型的正、反向综合气动性能最佳。     

雷诺数对低速对称翼型气动性能的影响

基于CFD软件,采用k-ωSST湍流模型,研究了不同雷诺数对低速对称翼型NACA0012、NACA0015和NACA0018气动性能的影响,以及同一雷诺数下翼型相对厚度对翼型气动性能的影响。比较了翼型NACA0012、NACA0015和NACA0018的升力系数和阻力系数的计算值与试验值,得出了和试验值最接近的翼型,总结了对称翼型升力系数、阻力系数和升阻比的变化规律,确定了对称翼型最佳攻角。结果显示,低速对称翼型相对厚度越大,气动性能越好;雷诺数越小,黏性越大,越先发生边界层分离;翼型NAcA0018的计算值和试验值最接近;翼型NAcA0018的最佳攻角为10°。     

低雷诺数旋翼翼型气动性能多目标优化

根据旋翼在低雷诺数下的气动特点,发展了一种基于遗传算法的低雷诺数旋翼翼型多目标优化设计方法。采用Hicks-Henne函数对翼型进行参数化处理。根据实际工况,建立旋翼翼型气动优化的数学模型。使用遗传算子与目标函数自适应方法,解决了翼型集在优化后期无法持续优化的问题。以NACA0012作为优化基准翼型,在满足预定约束的情况下,优化后的翼型相比基准翼型气动性能有较大幅度提高,符合预定的优化目标。     

基于CFD的FSAE赛车尾翼设计及优化研究

针对FSAE赛车尾翼的设计,采用CFD数值分析的方法,对FSAE赛车的尾翼翼型、尾翼翼缝、尾翼端板形状和翼片数量与尾翼气动性能之间的关系进行了研究。对尾翼气动性能具有重要影响的翼型在不同弯度和不同弯度位置条件下进行了气动分析和对比,发现了翼型弯度和厚度对于其阻力和负升力的影响,确定了合适FSAE赛车尾翼的翼型;同时对尾翼的翼缝、端板形状和翼片数量等关键参数进行了研究,根据其压力云图、流线图的变化规律和匹配原则,确定了最佳方案。研究结果表明:尾翼的翼型弯度及最大弯度位置、尾翼翼缝、尾翼端板形状和翼片数量对于尾翼的气动性能具有重要影响。     

湍流工况小型风力机翼型气动特性及稳健优化

风力机翼型设计通常未考虑湍流强度影响,气动设计与实际工况产生较大偏差,为使得翼型设计与实际工况相匹配,考虑随机湍流工况湍流强度大小的不确定性,以S809翼型为研究对象,分析低雷诺数下不同湍流强度对翼型S809升阻气动特性、压力分布影响规律,量化湍流不确定性对翼型气动性能的影响,提出一种在气动优化中耦合层流分离预测的高湍流低雷诺数小型风力机翼型优化策略,基于非嵌入式概率配置点法、TransitionSST模型、拉丁超立方试验设计、Kriging模型和非支配排序遗传算法进行气动稳健优化设计。案例结果表明,优化后翼型湍流适应性增强,在不确定湍流强度TI～N(0.15,0.037 52)工况下最大升阻比平均值提升了6.55%,标准差减小了13.49%。该方法使翼型设计与湍流风况相匹配,降低翼型对不确定湍流的敏感性,为不确定湍流工况低雷诺数翼型及小型风力机设计与应用提供重要参考。     

风力机叶片气动载荷的优化研究

为了研究垂直轴风力机的叶片气动性能,利用流固耦合法模拟了垂直轴风力机在实际工况下的气动载荷分析,模拟结果表明,由于翼型后部较薄,受到的变形应力最大。为了避免因叶片变形而引起风力机整体气动性能下降,提出了通过加大翼型后部厚度的方案来提高叶片的强度,并通过数值模拟对改进后的翼型做了气动性能分析,得出了适当的增加翼型后部厚度,并不会对翼型气动性能造成太大的影响,验证了此方案的有效性。这些研究结论为今后垂直轴风力机的设计制造提供了一定的参考依据。     

圆弧板翼型小雷诺数气动特性计算研究

采用流体有限元分析方法对圆弧板翼型在10000～40000雷诺数下的气动特性进行了系统的计算研究,得到了较为完整的数据。     

A comparative study on aerodynamic performance and noise characteristics of two kinds of long-eared owl wing models

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - The camber line, chord length and thickness of the airfoil are important factors affecting the aerodynamic performance and noise characteristics of...     

基于气动性能与刚度特性的风力机翼型优化设计

结合翼型泛函集成理论与叶片截面刚度矩阵数学计算模型,提出了风力机中等厚度翼型气动性能与结构刚度特性的一体化设计方法,实现了翼型气动性能与叶片截面刚度特性的同时提高。对考虑叶片截面铺层参数变化设计的WQ-B300翼型与DU97-W-300翼型进行了气动性能与结构刚度特性对比分析,结果表明:相比于DU97-W-300翼型,WQ-B300翼型的气动性能与叶片截面刚度性能均有显著提高,其挥舞刚度和摆振刚度分别提高了6.2%和8.4%,验证了该设计方法的可行性,给风力机中等厚度及大厚度翼型设计提供了一种思路。     

钝尾缘风力机翼型气动性能计算分析

钝尾缘风力机翼型有较好的结构和气动性能,是目前多被用于大型风力机叶片靠近轮毂区域的选定翼型.但钝尾缘翼型也有缺点,易产生大的脱流涡,这会降低叶片的气动性能.为了更好地研究钝尾缘翼型的性能,以了解其气动性能的降低能否与其结构性能的优化相匹配.采用计算流体动力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)方法,对薄尾缘翼型S809和改进的钝尾缘翼型S809-100的性能进行模拟和对比,结果表明相对于薄尾缘翼型,钝尾缘翼型可以增大断面的最大升力系数和升力曲线斜率,并可以降低翼型污染对翼型升力影响的敏感度.     

Experimental study of effects of circular-cross-section riblets on the aerodynamic performance of Risø airfoil at transient flow regime

New drag reduction methods have received much attention due to the importance of drag reduction in airplanes and wind turbines. One of the ways for drag reduction is the use of riblets. We investigated the effects of riblets on the aerodynamic performance of the Risø airfoil quantitatively. By installing a load cell and using the one-sided force measurement method, the drag and lift coefficients of the Risø airfoil were measured in two modes: With and without riblets at three different arrangements. The shape of riblets is a circularcross- section and the ratio of riblets’ diameter to the airfoil chord is equal to 0.005. The tests were carried out in transient flow regime (Two Reynolds numbers of 2.02×10⁵ and 1.4×10⁵), and at attack angles from 0 to 20 degrees. The results indicate that the extent of the riblets effect on the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil depends on the angle of attack, Reynolds number, and arrangement of the riblets on the airfoil. The maximum drag reduction at the Reynolds numbers of 2.02×10⁵ and 1.4×10⁵ is about 29.7 % and 54 %, respectively, that occurs at an attack angle of 7 degrees for both two Reynolds numbers.     

Enhancement of wind turbine aerodynamic performance by a numerical optimization technique

Sectional aerodynamic design optimization was performed to enhance the aerodynamic performance of horizontal axis wind turbine rotor blades based on a computational fluid dynamics technique. The proposed sectional optimization framework consists of airfoil section contour modeling by the PARSEC shape function and a modified feasible direction search algorithm. To enhance the aerodynamic performance of wind turbine rotor blades, the objective of the design framework was set to maximize the lift-over-drag ratio for each design section. A two-dimensional Navier-Stokes flow solver coupled with a transition turbulence model was used to evaluate the aerodynamic performance during the iterative design optimization procedure. The sectional flow conditions were extracted from the flow of a three-dimensional rotor blade configuration. The design framework was applied to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory Phase VI rotor blade. The design optimization was conducted at nine spanwise sections of the rotor blade. To validate the present methodology, the aerodynamic performances of the original baseline rotor and the rotor after the design optimization were compared by using a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes flow solver. It was found that approximately 11% of torque enhancement was achieved after the aerodynamic shape design optimization.     

Numerical studies on two turbulence models and a laminar model for aerodynamics of a vertical-axis wind turbine

The purpose of this study is the analysis of flow around a one-bladed Darrieus-type wind turbine using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The rotor geometry consists of a NACA 0015 airfoil with chord length of 0.15 m. Numerical simulations are performed using ANSYS Fluent, employing laminar model and two turbulence models: SST k-ω and RNG k-ε. The obtained numerical results of unsteady aerodynamic blade loads are compared with available experimental results from literature. Computed aerodynamic characteristics of normal and tangential forces comply with the experiment results. The RNG k-ε turbulence model has a good accuracy in determining aerodynamic blade loads for the upwind and downwind parts of the rotor. The laminar model and the SST k-ω turbulence model slightly overestimate the tangential aerodynamic blade loads at the downwind part of the rotor. An averaged wind turbine velocity profile computed at one rotor radius downstream of the rotor has a Gaussian shape. The steady-state airfoil characteristics are computed for the Reynolds number comparable to the Reynolds number of a moving blade employing the SST k-ω and RNG k-ε turbulence models and using the same computational grid as for unsteady simulations of the rotor.     

板型及机翼型对旋轴流通风机气动性能测试及比较

采用模型性能试验方法，对板型及机翼型叶片的对旋轴流通风机的气动性能进行了比较，通过测量这两种叶型的风机在不同叶片安装角下的流量、全压及轴功率，得到了叶片型线及安装角对风机气动性能的影响规律。试验结果表明机翼型叶片在全压效率、稳定运行范围及高效运行范围比相应的板型叶片具有优越性；在设计工况附近，机翼型风机的第一级叶轮安装角对气动性能的影响较大，而板型风机的第二级叶轮安装角对气动性能影响较大。