PATENT LAW of the People''''s Republic of China

Article 1. This Law is enacted to protect patent rights for inventions-creations, to encourage inventioncreation, to foster the spreading and application of inventions-creations, and to promote the development of science and technology, for meeting the needs of the construction of socialist modernization. Article 2. In this Law, "inventions-creations" mean inventions, utility models and designs.     

Editorial Advisory Board of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering

Honorary Chairmen:Lei Tianlue Cha云rma:Zhong QunPeng V奋ce Chairmen:Xu Binshi Song Members: Wang Buxuan Pan JIluan Lu YongXiang Tianhu Liu Fei Shi ZhiPing Albert 5 H Chang China Institute of TeChnoIOgy, Tajwan,China B ian Xiufeng Shandong University, Chin…     

Editorial Advisory Board of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering

Honorary Chairmen:Wang Buxuan Pan JIluan Lu Yongxiang Cha获rman:Zhong QunPeng Viee·Chairmen:Xu Binshi Song Tianhu Liu Fei Shi ZhiPing Members: Albert 5 H Chang Vanung University， Taiwan，China B ian Xiufeng Shandong Univers你Ch加a Cao Jian Northwestern University， USA Chen Xinzeng Nj门gbo UniVersity，China Chen Xinzhao Hefei University of Teehnology， Ch的a Chen XuejunXi’an Jiaotong UniVers你China Chen Ying Zhejiang Unjversi祝China Chen Yubao The UniversjtyofMie…     

Editorial Advisory Board of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering

Honorary Chairmen: Lei Tianjue Wang Buxuan Pan Jiluan Lu Yongxiang Chairma: Zhong Qunpeng Vice Chairmen: Xu Binshi Song Tianhu Liu Fei Shi Zhiping Members:     

Editorial Advisory Board of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering

Honorary Chairmen: Lei Tianjue Wang Buxuan Pan Jiluan Lu YongxiangChairman: Zhong QunpengVice Chairmen: Xu Binshi Song Tianhu Liu Fei Shi ZhipingMembers:     

Editorial Advisory Board of Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering

Honorary Chairmen:Wang Buxuan Pan Jiluan Lu Yongxiang Tom Bell Chairman:Zhong Qunpeng Vice-Chairmen:XuBinshi Song Tianhu Liu Fei ShiZhiping Members:     

Driving Characters of New Type Machine of Mixing forming

Beside the special series--wound mode of production from batch-type production to continuous production, the special driving fashion is included in this new type machine.[第一段]     

Experimental analysis of high temperature capacitance variance of MLCC

研究了多层片式瓷介电容器(MLCC)受高温时的容值变化。结合MLCC的特点,提出了其在引信中的使用方法,同时,讨论了温度稳定性对电子产品设计的影响。实验结果表明,低频MLCC的容值受温度影响较大。     

Inspection of fatigue defects in endurance testing of half-axles of maneuverable aircraft’s stabilizers by means of acoustic emission and tensometry

The results obtained by acoustic-emission (AE) testing and continuous tensometry in endurance testing of half-axles of maneuverable aircrafts stabilizers are described. In order to ensure the reliability of the tests, fractography of the fractures obtained is carried out along with metallographic studies of the materials structure in the zone of fracture nucleation and propagation.Translated from Defektoskopiya, Vol. 40, No. 9, 2004, pp. 3–10. Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Sereznov, Maltsev, Stepanova, Kabanov, Chaplygin, Laznenko, Kareev, Kozhemyakin.     

Investigation of Electrical Characteristics of Thin Silicone–Carbon Coatings

The complex resistance of silicone–carbon films of thickness more than 3 m is measured on the basis of an analysis of the electrotechnical substitution circuit containing a capacitor and a resistor. It was found that the parameters of the equivalent circuit determined experimentally make it possible to estimate whether the film thickness is greater than 3 m or not, i.e., to measure the film thickness more than 3 m. In this case, at frequencies higher that 100 kHz only the capacitive component of the impedance can be measured, whereas the active component associated most likely with the presence of silicon carbide in the film material was detected at lower frequencies. It is shown that for carrying out similar experiments with thinner coatings it is necessary to use a probe covered by a dielectric material with the higher dielectric constant.     

Development of a MIAB welding module and experimental analysis of rotational behavior of arc—simulation of electromagnetic force distribution during MIAB welding of steel pipes using finite element analysis

Magnetically impelled arc butt (MIAB) welding is a unique forge welding process in which an arc is drawn in the gap between the two tubes to be welded in order to raise them to a high temperature to allow forging to form a solid-state weld. In this case, the arc is rotated with a high speed around the weld line by an electromagnetic force resulting from the interaction of the magnetic field and the arc current. This paper presents the details of the results and the conclusions of the experimental trials conducted on the MIAB module designed and developed based on the principle. Further, nonlinear electromagnetic analysis has been performed to determine the magnetic field and electromagnetic force distribution in MIAB process using finite element package ANSYS. Typical results of this analysis pertaining to magnetic field are compared with the experimental data for steel tubes (outer diameter 47 mm and thickness of 2 mm). It is observed that the results from finite element analysis and the experimental trials are in excellent agreement. The proposed three-dimensional finite element method model for electromagnetic force distribution facilitates comprehensive understanding of the arc rotation process in MIAB welding.     

Kinetics of formation of boundary lubricating film in zone of facing–tool contact under metal cutting

Tribological processes that occur in the zone of the facing–tool contact can be satisfactorily described using a three-zone model in which zones of adhesion, seizure, and friction are distinguished. An expression that relates the coefficient of friction under cutting to the distribution of the zones of friction over the surface of contact has been obtained, causes for the origination of the zone of adhesion have been analyzed, and the shear strength of boundary films has been estimated. A model that describes the kinetics of the formation of a boundary lubricating film in the zone of friction with account for the dimensions and the shape of surfactant molecules, as well as the concentration of surfactants, has been developed. The results of the calculations have shown good agreement with the experimental data.     

Investigation of the Determination of Diffusion Coefficients of Gases into Liquids from Reversed‐Flow Gas Chromatography

Abstract

The interaction of vinyl chloride (VC) with water is used as the model system for the investigation of the determination of diffusion coefficients of gases into liquids from revered‐flow gas chromatography (RF‐GC). A thorough, full investigation of the initially suggested methodologies of RF‐GC [Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 2231–2237 and Adv. Chromatogr. 2000, 40, 231–273] is carried out. The appropriate experimental conditions for the measurement of accurate liquid diffusivities (e.g., quiescent or stirred liquids) are investigated, and an insight into the physical meaning of the measured physicochemical parameters is attempted. In order for liquid diffusion to be the main broadening factor, it is necessary to ensure the regularity of the liquid stationary phase, which can be achieved by stirring the liquid substance under study. Furthermore, the experimentally obtained diffusion coefficients, the respective mass transfer coefficients, as well as the activation energy for the diffusion of VC in water are of the same order of magnitude and are very close to the values obtained by other techniques or calculated from empirical equations, ascertaining the potential of the presented methodology.     

Influence of Input Acceleration of Broad-Band Random Vibrations on the Amplitude–Frequency Characteristics of Hydraulic Bearings

Russian Engineering Research - The amplitude–frequency characteristics of hydraulic bearings under the action of broad-band random vibrations with different input root-mean-square...     

Influence of Lubricants on Power Loss of Cylindrical Gears©

The total power loss of gears was measured in a back-to-back gear test rig. Test equipment, measuring principle and evaluation of the data are described. The influence of different lubricant type, viscosity and temperature on mesh and churning losses was investigated. The churning losses depended mainly on the viscosity of the lubricant and on the operating conditions, not on the lubricant type. The mesh power loss depended mainly on the type of lubricant, not on viscosity, temperature, or oil additives.

Churning losses can be reduced by using low viscosity lubricants. Mesh power loss can be reduced by as much as 50 percent of the power loss of mineral oils by using polyglycol-type lubricants. In wide application ranges, viscosity and oil additives do not influence mesh power loss. An experimentally-based equation for the coefficient of friction in the gear mesh is given. Earlier derived equations for the mesh power loss of different gear geometry were confirmed.     

Studies of microstructures made of Zn–Al alloys using microcasting

The microstructures of Zn–4 wt.% Al alloy with 0.1 mm diameter were prepared by microprecision casting based on gypsum-bonded investment casting. Aspect ratio up to 200 can be replicated in the case of the centrifugal speed of 1,500 rpm and the mold temperature of 270°C. The flow length was significantly influenced by the centrifugal speed and the preheating temperature of the mold. The flow length increases as the rotational speed and the mold temperature increase. The grain size and mechanical properties can be varied within a wide range by choosing different preheating temperatures.     

Fretting Wear Behavior of UHMWPE—Influence of Load and Stroke

In this study, the tribological behavior of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) against a GCr 15 steel ball during fretting wear conditions was investigated using an oscillating reciprocating tribometer. The aim of this study was to characterize the critical value of normal load and stroke corresponding to this transition in UHMWPE worn surface at room temperature. Results showed that there existed a critical value of load or stroke at fixed condition. The friction coefficient and wear volume loss of UHMWPE at or near the critical values of load and stroke exhibited extreme changes. Based on observation of the worn surface by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 3D surface profiler measurements, it can be found that damage to the worn surface can be linked to the contact load and stroke. In addition, results showed that during the process of fretting wear under different load or stroke conditions, the gross slip regime dominated throughout the whole test period.     

Electrical discharge grinding of polycrystalline diamond – Effect of wheel rotation

Electrical Discharge Grinding (EDG) is an advanced machining process that becomes popular in manufacturing of Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) tools. This research investigated the effects of wheel rotation as well as debris flow direction on the quality of PCD tools based on a series of EDG experiments. Experimental results showed the debris that flowed toward the cutting edge could significantly affect the edge sharpness and symmetry of the tool, which were critical for the smaller edge apex angle. Evidence of spark concentration caused by the debris accumulation phenomenon were found through microscopic analysis on the eroded surfaces. This research also revealed the unexplained phenomenon associated with the undercut that normally formed beneath the PCD cutting edge after erosion. By examining PCD samples using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy, the formation of the heat-affected layer caused by the high-temperature erosion process in the EDG was analyzed. Results also proved that the surface finish of tungsten carbide (WC) and notch width of the PCD tools, particularly on the tungsten carbide WC/PCD interface, should not be taken as the index to measure PCD tool quality.