基于MATLAB的无刷直流电机的电流滞环控制仿真

针对无刷直流电机的转矩脉动,采用电流滞环控制来抑制脉动;在Matlab/Simulink环境下,基于直流无刷电机的数学模型、转速和电流双闭环控制策略来建立无刷直流电机电流滞环控制系统的各个独立模块如BLDC本体模块、速度控制模块、电流滞环模块、逆变电路模块、脉冲信号模块等,再进行各功能模块的连接,搭建无刷直流电机的控制系统仿真模型,并在给定参数下进行仿真分析。     

Fault diagnosis method based on FFT-RPCA-SVM for Cascaded-Multilevel Inverter

Thanks to reduced switch stress, high quality of load wave, easy packaging and good extensibility, the cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter is widely used in wind power system. To guarantee stable operation of system, a new fault diagnosis method, based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Relative Principle Component Analysis (RPCA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), is proposed for H-bridge multilevel inverter. To avoid the influence of load variation on fault diagnosis, the output voltages of the inverter is chosen as the fault characteristic signals. To shorten the time of diagnosis and improve the diagnostic accuracy, the main features of the fault characteristic signals are extracted by FFT. To further reduce the training time of SVM, the feature vector is reduced based on RPCA that can get a lower dimensional feature space. The fault classifier is constructed via SVM. An experimental prototype of the inverter is built to test the proposed method. Compared to other fault diagnosis methods, the experimental results demonstrate the high accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.     

PWM-switching pattern-based diagnosis scheme for single and multiple open-switch damages in VSI-fed induction motor drives

This paper deals with a fault detection technique for insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) open-circuit faults in voltage source inverter (VSI)-fed induction motor drives. The novelty of this idea consists in analyzing the pulse-width modulation (PWM) switching signals and the line-to-line voltage levels during the switching times, under both healthy and faulty operating conditions. The proposed method requires line-to-line voltage measurement, which provides information about switching states and is not affected by the load. The fault diagnosis scheme is achieved using simple hardware and can be included in the existing inverter system without any difficulty. In addition, it allows not only accurate single and multiple faults diagnosis but also minimization of the fault detection time to a maximum of one switching period (T(c)). Simulated and experimental results on a 3-kW squirrel-cage induction motor drive are displayed to validate the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.     

基于高分辨率谱估计的早期转子断条故障诊断

以快速傅里叶变换(FFT)为基础的电机电流信号特征分析(MCSA)具有频率分辨率低的固有缺陷,从而严重影响了鼠笼电机早期转子断条故障的诊断性能。为解决这一问题,提出基于高分辨率谱估计的早期转子断条故障诊断方法。首先利用Hilbert变换和离散小波变换对单相定子电流信号预处理,然后采用扩展Prony算法对预处理后的信号进行定性/定量分析。运用该方法对不同故障严重程度、不同负载条件下的3 k W电机稳态定子电流信号进行分析,并与FFT分析结果做对比。实验结果表明,即使在短时数据条件下所提方法仍然能够准确诊断出早期转子断条故障,验证了该方法的有效性和优越性。     

交流变频调速系统中的自适应模糊控制研究

针对交流电动机矢量控制系统因电机参数变化和负载波动等因素性能变差的问题,设计了一种二维自适应模糊控制器作为交流电动机矢量控制系统的速度调节器,并由电压空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)逆变器作为电动机的供电电源来实现变频调速。仿真实验表明,系统不仅动态和态性能都得到提高,而且具有良好的鲁棒性。     

自动分拣线中电机的无极调速及参数信息反馈

用PLC、变频器和触摸屏实现自动分拣线中输送带运行速度的控制,自动分拣线电气控制系统主要由PLC、变频器和触摸屏三大部分组成.PLC控制变频器实现无极调速,变频器控制交流异步电动机使传送带运行速度得到控制,触摸屏能对传送带驱动变频器的工作频率、加减速时间参数进行设定调整,并对其运行频率、负载电流以及工作状态(包括启、停...     

直流伺服电机驱动的自动离合器控制

采用直流伺服电机驱动的自动离合器执行机构，与高速开关阀控制液压缸的执行机构相比，可使电控机械自动变速系统的结构大大简化，同时可提高离合器结合速度的控制精度。设计了基于模糊控制和PI控制双闭环控制的伺服电机驱动离合器执行机构，建立了数学模型，并进行了系统仿真。结果表明：直流伺服电机驱动离合器，能很好地控制离合器的结合速度，提高车辆起步品质。     

基于MCSA和SVM的异步电机转子故障诊断

本文提出一种基于电机电流信号频谱分析和支持向量机的异步电机转子故障诊断方法，该方法可以利用支持向量机对电机电流频谱信号的特征信息和故障模式进行关联。对电机定子电流采样后，其信号经FFT变换后提取故障特征量作为支持向量机的输入，基于1对1算法构造了感应电机转子故障多类分类器。实验结果表明，该方法具有很好的分类和泛化能力，可以提高电机故障诊断的准确性。     

Support vector machine based decision for mechanical fault condition monitoring in induction motor using an advanced Hilbert-Park transform

In this work we suggest an original fault signature based on an improved combination of Hilbert and Park transforms. Starting from this combination we can create two fault signatures: Hilbert modulus current space vector (HMCSV) and Hilbert phase current space vector (HPCSV). These two fault signatures are subsequently analysed using the classical fast Fourier transform (FFT). The effects of mechanical faults on the HMCSV and HPCSV spectrums are described, and the related frequencies are determined. The magnitudes of spectral components, relative to the studied faults (air-gap eccentricity and outer raceway ball bearing defect), are extracted in order to develop the input vector necessary for learning and testing the support vector machine with an aim of classifying automatically the various states of the induction motor.     

基于定子电流谐波的异步电动机转速测量研究

提出了一种测量封闭体内电动机转速的方法。通过测量异步电动机定子电流内的转子槽谐波频率分量和偏心频率分量,辨识出转子槽数,用转子槽谐波频率和转子槽数获得电动机的转速。     

Induction motors airgap-eccentricity detection through the discrete wavelet transform of the apparent power signal under non-stationary operating conditions

Fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis has been successfully used for fault diagnosis in induction machines. However, this method does not always provide good results for the cases of load torque, speed and voltages variation, leading to a variation of the motor-slip and the consequent FFT problems that appear due to the non-stationary nature of the involved signals. In this paper, the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) of the apparent-power signal for the airgap-eccentricity fault detection in three-phase induction motors is presented in order to overcome the above FFT problems. The proposed method is based on the decomposition of the apparent-power signal from which wavelet approximation and detail coefficients are extracted. The energy evaluation of a known bandwidth permits to define a fault severity factor (FSF). Simulation as well as experimental results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method presented even for the case of load torque variations.     

基于旋转不变信号参数估计技术与模式搜索算法的异步电动机转子故障检测新方法

提出一种基于旋转不变信号参数估计技术(Estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique,ESPRIT)与模式搜索算法(Pattern search algorithm,PSA)的异步电动机转子故障检测新方法。模拟形成转子故障情况下的定子电流信号并以之检验ESPRIT性能。结果表明:即使对于短时信号,ESPRIT仍具备高频率分辨力,可以准确估计定子电流各个分量的频率;但对其幅值、初相角的估计欠缺准确性、稳定性。随后,采用PSA确定各个频率分量的幅值、初相角。对一台异步电动机完成了转子故障检测试验,结果表明:基于ESPRIT与PSA的异步电动机转子故障检测方法是切实可行的,并且因仅需短时信号即可达到高频率分辨力而适用于负荷波动情况。     

Induction machine condition monitoring using notch-filtered motor current

This paper presents a new approach to induction motor condition monitoring using notch-filtered motor current signature analysis (NFMCSA). Unlike most of the previous work utilizing motor current signature analysis (MCSA) using spectral methods to extract required features for detecting motor fault conditions, here NFMCSA is performed in time-domain to extract features of energy, sample extrema, and third and fourth cumulants evaluated from data within sliding time window. Six identical three-phase induction motors were used for the experimental verification of the proposed method. One healthy machine was used as a reference, while other five with different synthetic faults were used for condition detection and classification. Extracted features obtained from NFMCSA of all motors were employed in three different and popular classifiers. The proposed motor current analysis and the performance of the features used for fault detection and classification are examined at various motor load levels and it is shown that a successful induction motor condition monitoring system is developed. Developed system is also able to indicate the load level and the type of a fault in multi-dimensional feature space representation. In order to test the generality and applicability of the developed method to other induction motors, data acquired from another healthy induction motor with different number of poles and rated power is also incorporated into the system. In spite of the above difference, the proposed feature set successfully locates the healthy motor within the classification cluster of “healthy motors” on the feature space.     

基于无传感器检测方法的机械系统扭振试验研究

为了研究无传感器检测方法用于机械系统扭转振动检测的机理及效果,建立了一个由感应电动机驱动,以直流发电机为负载的轴系扭振模拟试验台。通过控制发电机负载回路的快速通断产生轴系扭转振动,利用Hilbert变换包络谱提取电流信号中的故障信息,并与电涡流位移传感器拾取的横向振动信号进行了比较。试验和分析结果表明,电机驱动设备的机械故障信息主要以扭转振动方式耦合到定子电流中,相对于横向振动检测,无传感器检测方法更适合机械系统的扭转振动故障检测与诊断。     

Motor square current signature analysis for induction motor rotor diagnosis

Induction machines play an important role in today’s industry. Thus, preventive maintenance combined with fault diagnosis techniques have become an essential issue. One of the most used techniques for the diagnosis of faults in the induction machine is motor current signature analysis (MCSA). This approach presents some limitations for induction motor rotor diagnosis, particularly for small faults. In this paper, a new motor square current signature analysis (MSCSA) fault diagnosis methodology is presented. The proposed technique is based on three main steps: first, the induction motor current is measured; secondly, the square of the current is computed; and finally a frequency analysis of the square current is performed. This technique allows more information to be obtained from a motor with a rotor fault than the classical MCSA approach. Simulation and experimental results are presented in order to confirm the theoretical assumptions. This methodology has also been tested for the identification of two distinct faults (broken bars and rotor eccentricity).     

无刷直流电动机的双闭环调速系统设计

本文介绍了三相无刷直流电动机的速度、电流双闭环调速系统的设计。建立了三相无刷直流电动机(BLDC)的数学模型,给出了其双闭环调速系统的设计过程,设计了相应的速度PI调节器、电流PI调节器。该方法简单易行,便于工程应用。     

注塑机电液控制系统能量效率对比研究

在同一注塑机上,对采用异步电动机驱动定量泵、变转速异步电动机驱动定量泵、异步电动机驱动变量泵、变转速异步电动机驱动变量泵、交流伺服电动机驱动定量泵,5种电液控制方案加工同一制品的能量效率进行理论分析和试验对比。建立不同控制回路电动机和液压泵功率传输数学模型,绘制出能量特性曲线,分析对比注塑机工作在保压和冷却工况下,液压系统和电动机驱动系统功率消耗。研究结果证实,在部分负载和空载工况,异步电动机驱动定量泵系统存在大的溢流、节流损失,效率低;在此基础上引入变转速控制,包络系统所需的流量,可减少电动机功率消耗,提高系统效率,能量效率与异步电动机驱动变量泵相当;异步电动机驱动变量泵系统,可完全消除液压系统的溢流损耗,但电动机仍存在较大的空转损耗,在此基础上引入变转速控制,使电动机输出功率与液压负载相匹配,可进一步提高能量利用率26.5%;研究也表明,采用交流伺服电动机驱动的定量泵系统能量效率最高,较异步电动机驱动的定量泵系统节能88%,并且结构简单、动态性能好。     

级联型多电平逆变器单元电路数字化控制的研究

本文分析了双向直流变换器的工作情况,设计了以DSP为控制核心的闭环控制系统,发挥FPGA硬件速度快、稳定性好的特点设计了移向PWM模块,改变了DSP程序产生移相PWM波的方法,大大提高了系统的适时性,为其应用于级联型多电平逆变器四象限运行奠定了基础。实验表明开关管实现了零电压开通,变换器整体效率达94.2%,具有实用价值。     

一种用于电机铁芯磁性能测试的恒流源

针对电机铁芯磁性能测试中保持磁场强度H的波形为正弦形的问题,设计了一种基于数字信号处理器(DSP)全数字实时控制的逆变恒流源。分析了正弦波逆变电源斩波和逆变控制的一般方法和特点,控制系统前级采用同步Buck电路对母线电压斩波,斩波输出电压经过PI闭环控制实现了其在突加、突减负载时的稳定性。控制系统后级通过对电感电流的PID闭环控制和单极性正弦脉宽调制(SPWM)方式,实现瞬时跟踪给定的交流恒流源控制。实验结果表明逆变恒流源具有很好的静、动态性能和稳定性,输出信号谐波含量少,负载适应能力强,很好地实现了系统设计的要求。     

A novel technique of using a thyristor driven pump as the final control element and flow indicator of a flow control loop

In the present paper, design of a flow control loop using a thyristor driven pump as final control element has been described. In this technique, the load current of a thyristor driven pump motor has been utilized as a mass flow sensing parameter of a fluid passing through a pipeline. This thyristor driven pump has been utilized as a final control element of a flow control loop and the speed of the pump has been selected as the manipulated variable. The non-linearity between the thyristor input signal and pump output has been eliminated by using a modified PID control technique with inverse derivative control action. Thus without using any conventional flow meter and control valve only the thyristor driven pump has been utilized both as the final control element and flow indicating device by using the proposed technique. The whole system has been designed, fabricated and tested by using tap water as the flowing liquid through a pipe line. The experimental results along with the theoretical analysis are compared and reported in the paper.