MoS_2基固体润滑剂微织构自润滑刀具切削性能的研究

采用激光加工方法在硬质合金刀具的前刀面加工不同形状的微织构,并填充不同的固体润滑剂,对制备的微织构自润滑刀具以及传统刀具进行干切削304奥氏体不锈钢的对比试验。试验结果表明,与传统硬质合金刀具相比,微织构自润滑刀具能显著地降低切削力,减小前刀面摩擦系数,降低切削温度,减少刀具前刀面的磨损。选用MoS_2/Sb_2O_3复合固体润滑剂能更好地提高微织构刀具的切削性能,减少切屑的粘结。     

微织构自润滑刀具干切削0Cr18Ni9奥氏体不锈钢的切削性能

采用激光加工方法在硬质合金刀具的前刀面加工出微织构,并在微织构中填充固体润滑剂制成微织构自润滑刀具;使用微织构自润滑刀具、微织构刀具以及传统硬质合金刀具分别对0Cr18Ni9奥氏体不锈钢进行干切削试验,并对比了它们的切削性能。结果表明:与传统刀具相比,微织构自润滑刀具能有效提高切削性能(主切削力减小了8%~16%,切削温度降低了15%~24%),增加切屑的曲卷,改善刀具的粘着磨损现象。     

表面织构陶瓷刀具切削性能研究

采用激光在Al2O3/TiC陶瓷刀具前刀面加工出不同的表面织构,制备出纳米织构陶瓷刀具及微纳米复合织构自润滑陶瓷刀具,并与传统陶瓷刀具进行干切削45淬火钢试验比较.结果表明:纳米织构陶瓷刀具不能够有效降低切削力、改善刀具黏结现象,但是可以减小刀具前刀面磨损凹坑,减少磨粒磨损;微纳米复合织构自润滑陶瓷刀具能够有效降低切削力,减小刀具磨损,改善刀具的切削性能.     

仿生微织构对刀具切削性能影响的有限元分析

仿生摩擦学的相关研究表明,高性能的表面微织构具有良好的减摩抗磨性能.本文利用ABAQUS软件,对无微织构和有微织构硬质合金刀具的二维直角切削过程进行了有限元分析.仿真试验表明:一定尺寸的沟槽微织构可以有效改善刀—屑摩擦过程中的应力分布状况,减少应力集中现象,既提高了刀具的减磨性能,同时还可以降低20％左右的切削力.然后,采用激光加工方法在YG8硬质合金刀片的前刀面置入不同宽度的沟槽微织构,在一定载荷条件下进行摩擦磨损试验.试验发现:沟槽型微织构可以有效地降低硬质合金刀面的摩擦系数,并且不同宽度的沟槽其减摩效果是不一样的.     

不同润湿性微/纳织构化刀具切削性能研究

针对15-5PH固溶处理不锈钢等难加工材料切削过程中刀具磨损快速的问题,采用激光加工及表面处理技术制备得到不同润湿性的硬质合金微/纳织构化刀具。通过对15-5PH固溶处理不锈钢的切削试验,研究了不同润湿性微/纳织构化刀具的切削性能及减摩机理。试验结果表明:在微量润滑条件下,刀具表面低润湿性微/纳织构的存在可有效降低切削力、前刀面平均摩擦系数及切削温度,同时还能进一步改善刀—屑界面的润滑状况,减缓刀具磨损。     

氧化锆陶瓷车削中刀具表面微织构参数对切削性能的影响

利用飞秒激光加工技术在硬质合金车刀后刀面加工出不同宽度和间距的沟槽型表面织构。通过氧化锆陶瓷材料干切削试验,研究织构化刀具磨损机理,分析织构参数对切削力和刀具磨损量的影响规律。实验结果表明：具有合理参数的后刀面织构化刀具能够明显降低切削力,减少刀具磨损。沟槽型织构通过储存切屑、稳定黏结物和对已加工表面上硬质点的二次切削作用,降低刀具后刀面的黏着磨损和磨粒磨损。织构的二次切削作用会导致切削力增大,与织构的减摩作用共同影响切削力。     

高速铣削AISI 4340合金结构钢时涂层刀具磨损机理研究

针对AISI 4340合金结构钢难加工的特点,选用PVD硬质合金涂层刀具进行高速干铣削试验,选用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察失效刀具表面的磨损形貌特征,选用能谱分析仪(EDS)分析磨损刀具表面的元素分布及含量,揭示刀具的磨损机理。研究结果表明:刀具寿命与切削参数选取有关,随着切削速度的增加,刀具磨损加快,刀具寿命降低。硬质合金涂层刀具的主要磨损形式是前刀面磨损和后刀面磨损,前刀面磨损机理主要是粘结磨损、涂层剥落、切削刃微崩刃;后刀面磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损、粘结磨损、扩散磨损、微裂纹。     

仿生微织构对刀具切削性能影响的有限元分析

仿生摩擦学的相关研究表明,高性能的表面微织构具有良好的减摩抗磨性能。本文利用ABAQUS软件,对无微织构和有微织构硬质合金刀具的二维直角切削过程进行了有限元分析。仿真试验表明:一定尺寸的沟槽微织构可以有效改善刀—屑摩擦过程中的应力分布状况,减少应力集中现象,既提高了刀具的减磨性能,同时还可以降低20%左右的切削力。然后,采用激光加工方法在YG8硬质合金刀片的前刀面置入不同宽度的沟槽微织构,在一定载荷条件下进行摩擦磨损试验。试验发现:沟槽型微织构可以有效地降低硬质合金刀面的摩擦系数,并且不同宽度的沟槽其减摩效果是不一样的。     

不同形貌微织构自润滑陶瓷刀具切削性能的对比

采用激光技术在Al2O_3/TiC陶瓷刀具前刀面加工出微凹坑和微沟槽2种微织构,并填充MoS2固体润滑剂制备得到微织构自润滑刀具,研究了不同形貌微织构自润滑刀具对淬硬钢的切削性能,并与传统无织构陶瓷刀具的进行了对比。结果表明:在不同切削条件下,采用微凹坑织构刀具切削时的主切削力较采用无织构刀具的平均降低了26.91%,而采用微沟槽织构刀具切削时的平均下降了15.85%;在切削速度较高、进给量和背吃刀量均较小的条件下,采用微织构刀具切削后工件的表面粗糙度较采用无织构刀具的有明显下降;微凹坑织构刀具切削后的切屑变形程度明显低于微沟槽织构刀具和无织构刀具切削后的,其前刀面的磨损程度明显低于微沟槽织构刀具和无织构刀具的,微凹坑织构刀具比微沟槽织构刀具表现出更佳的切削性能。     

微织构(W,Mo)C基刀具和YG8刀具对钛合金干切削性能的影响

刀具切削钛合金时存在切削温度高、单位面积上切削力大等问题,微织构刀具可以有效减小摩擦力,减小切削力。通过正交实验法设计微织构参数,研究微织构参数对Al 2O 3/La 2O 3/(W,Mo)C无黏结相硬质合金刀具以及YG8刀具切削钛合金实验的切削性能影响。实验结果表明,合适参数的沟槽型微织构能有效降低Al 2O 3/La 2O 3/(W,Mo)C无黏结相硬质合金刀具和YG8刀具切削TC4钛合金的切削力,相同沟槽参数下,无黏结相硬质合金刀具的切削力明显低于YG8刀具的切削力;合适参数的沟槽型微织构能有效降低刀具刀屑界面的摩擦系数,相同沟槽参数下,无黏结相硬质合金刀具的摩擦系数大都低于YG8刀具的摩擦系数;沟槽深度10μm、沟槽间距100μm以及沟槽宽度30μm的沟槽参数下,切削钛合金时,无黏结相硬质合金刀具前刀面无明显磨损,后刀面只有边界磨损,YG8刀具发生崩刃,前刀面出现切屑的滞留。     

Statistical analysis of process parameters in drilling of AL/SICP metal matrix composite

Four micro-holes were made using micro-EDM on rake face of the cemented carbide (WC/TiC/Co) tools. MoS₂, CaF₂, and graphite solid lubricants were respectively embedded into the four micro-holes to form self-lubricated tools (SLT-1, SLT-2, and SLT-3). Dry machining tests on hardened steel were carried out with these self-lubricated tools and conventional tools (SLT-4). The cutting forces, average friction coefficient between tool and chip, and tool wear were measured and compared. It was shown that the cutting forces and tool wear of self-lubricated tools were clearly reduced compared with those of the SLT-4 conventional tool. The SLT-1 self-lubricated tool embedded with MoS₂ just exhibited lower friction coefficient between tool and chip in cutting speed of less than 100?m/min; the SLT-2 self-lubricated tool embedded with CaF₂ possessed lower friction coefficient in cutting speed of more than 100?m/min; and the SLT-3 self-lubricated tool embedded with graphite accomplished good lubricating behaviors steadily under the test conditions. It is indicated that cemented carbide inserts with four micro-holes on rake face embedded with appropriate solid lubricants on rake face is an effective way to reduce cutting forces and rake wear.     

铁基粉末冶金材料的高速干切削试验研究

用陶瓷刀具、涂层刀具和硬质合金刀具进行了铁基粉末冶金零件的干切削对比试验,研究了切削速度、切削深度以及进给速度与刀具耐用度和加工表面粗糙度的关系,分析了陶瓷刀具的磨损机理。结果表明所选用陶瓷刀具的切削性能明显优于涂层刀具和硬质合金刀具;陶瓷刀具前刀面主要磨损形式为月牙洼磨损与剥落,后刀面的主要磨损原因为磨粒磨损;认为陶瓷刀具更适合用于粉末冶金零件的切削加工。     

激光超声复合切削硬质合金的刀具磨损及其对工件表面质量的影响

基于激光加热辅助切削和超声椭圆振动切削提出了激光超声复合切削加工工艺。采用聚晶立方氮化硼(PCBN)刀具对YG10硬质合金进行了常规切削,超声椭圆振动切削,激光加热辅助切削和激光超声复合切削对比试验。检测了刀具磨损量、刀具磨损形貌、工件表面粗糙度以及工件表面形貌,并通过扫描电镜(SEM)对刀具磨损区域进行了能谱分析,同时研究了激光超声复合切削硬质合金时PCBN刀具的磨损及其对工件表面质量的影响。最后,与常规切削、超声振动切削及激光加热辅助切削进行了对比试验。结果表明:激光超声复合切削时刀具使用寿命显著增加,加工后的工件表面粗糙度平均值分别降低了79%、60%和64%,且工件表面更加平整光滑。激光超声复合切削硬质合金时,PCBN刀具的前刀面磨损表现为平滑且均匀的月牙洼磨损,后刀面磨损表现为较窄的三角形磨损带和较浅的凹坑和划痕;刀具的失效机理主要为黏接磨损、氧化磨损和磨粒磨损的综合作用。     

用CVD金刚石厚膜车刀加工硬质合金的研究

采用CVD金刚石厚膜车刀对K10硬质合金进行了不同安装前角下的切削加工试验,比较分析了刀具的磨损状况和加工表面粗糙度随前角的变化规律。结果表明,增大车刀安装前角的负值,可以抑制切削刃边缘的破碎及直线刃部的剥离破碎,提高工件的加工表面质量。     

EFFECT OF CUTTING SPEED AND SURFACE CHEMISTRY OF CUTTING TOOLS ON THE FORMATION OF BUL OR BUE AND SURFACE QUALITY OF THE GENERATED SURFACE IN DRY TURNING OF AA6005 ALUMINIUM ALLOY

In the present investigation, AA6005 (ISO: AlSiMg) alloy was machined in turning operation with different cutting tools, such as uncoated cemented carbide insert, PVD TiN coated, CVD diamond coated and PCD insert, under dry environment. Effect of cutting speed was studied for each of the cutting tools with regard to the formation of built-up layer (BUL) or built-up edge (BUE). The rake surface of the tools was characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopic microanalysis. Particular emphasis was given on wear mechanism of PVD TiN coated insert, conventionally used in machining ferrous alloys, during dry turning of AA6005 alloy. It has been observed that increase of cutting speed from 200 m/min to as high as 1000 m/min could not substantially reduce formation of BUL over tool rake surface during dry machining of AA6005 alloy with uncoated or PVD TiN coated cemented carbide inserts. The potential of diamond-based tools in dry machining of aluminium alloy was also studied. Finally, the effect of cutting speed on surface finish of the workpiece machined with different cutting tools was studied during dry turning of AA6005 alloy.     

切削铸铁的刀具用新材料

介绍了选择铸铁切削用刀具需考虑的因素,可用于不同牌号铸铁的切削用刀具新材料有硬质合金刀具、陶瓷刀具、金属陶瓷刀具和超硬刀具。用于铸铁切削的整体硬质合金刀具的研究和应用成果各有两项,涂层硬质合金新材料有3种,陶瓷刀具和超硬刀具研究不多,研究最多的是金属陶瓷刀具,尤其是纳米金属陶瓷刀具材料。     

Performance of the self-lubricating textured tools in dry cutting of Ti-6Al-4V

Surface textures were made using laser on the rake or flank face of the cemented carbide (WC/Co) inserts. Molybdenum disulfide solid lubricants were filled into the textured grooves to form self-lubricating textured tools. Dry cutting tests on Ti-6Al-4V were carried out with these self-lubricating textured tools and conventional tool. The machining performance was assessed in terms of the cutting forces, cutting temperature, chip thickness ratio, friction coefficient at the tool–chip interface, and tool wear. Results show that the cutting forces and cutting temperature of the self-lubricating textured tools were reduced compared with that of the conventional tool. The application of the self-lubricating textured tool with elliptical grooves on its rake face can reduce the tool–chip friction coefficient and the chip thickness ratio. The tool life of the textured tools is improved compared with that of the conventional tool. The effectiveness of the self-lubricating textured tools in improving cutting performance is related to the cutting parameter.     

STUDY ON NEAR DRY CUTTING OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS

Series of orthogonal cutting tests of aluminum alloys with different amount of silicon content have been carried out to investigate the chip formation process and adhesion of the work material to the rake face of the cutting tool under near dry cutting conditions. No adhesion is observed when cut with the sintered diamond tool regardless of the amount of the silicon content. On the other hand, the amount of adhesion increases with an increase in the silicon content in the aluminum alloys when cut with the cemented carbide and DLC-coated tools. No adhesion is formed when the nominal coefficient of friction on the rake face is 0.3 or less, and adhesion is formed when the nominal coefficient of friction is 0.4 or more. The amount of adhesion decreases with an increase in the rake angle when cut with the cemented carbide tools and the DLC-coated tool.     

STUDY ON NEAR DRY CUTTING OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS

Series of orthogonal cutting tests of aluminum alloys with different amount of silicon content have been carried out to investigate the chip formation process and adhesion of the work material to the rake face of the cutting tool under near dry cutting conditions. No adhesion is observed when cut with the sintered diamond tool regardless of the amount of the silicon content. On the other hand, the amount of adhesion increases with an increase in the silicon content in the aluminum alloys when cut with the cemented carbide and DLC-coated tools. No adhesion is formed when the nominal coefficient of friction on the rake face is 0.3 or less, and adhesion is formed when the nominal coefficient of friction is 0.4 or more. The amount of adhesion decreases with an increase in the rake angle when cut with the cemented carbide tools and the DLC-coated tool.