产品创新度研究评述

产品创新度是量度一件新产品的创新程度的变量.产品创新度由不同观点衡量的产品新颖度维度组成,是用于构建产品创新策略、解释创新现象的重要概念.梳理了国内外近年在创新测度方面的研究成果,指出中国的产品创新研究侧重探求企业的特征和业绩对其创新能力指标的影响,缺乏基于产品创新度的企业创新业绩变化研究,不足以支持管理者制定产品创新决策.最后提出了以产品创新度为基础的创新管理研究路线.     

产品创新度研究评述

产品创新度是量度一件新产品的创新程度的变量。产品创新度由不同观点衡量的产品新颖度维度组成,是用于构建产品创新策略、解释创新现象的重要概念。梳理了国内外近年在创新测度方面的研究成果,指出中国的产品创新研究侧重探求企业的特征和业绩对其创新能力指标的影响,缺乏基于产品创新度的企业创新业绩变化研究,不足以支持管理者制定产品创新决策。最后提出了以产品创新度为基础的创新管理研究路线。     

产品创新方法之研究

从产品功能创新、产品品种创新以及产品类型创新等三个方面论述了企业求生存、要发展，就必须适应市场千变万化的需要，把产品创新放在企业经营工作的首位。指出产品创新是企业发展的核心。     

基于价值工程的产品创新研究对象的分析与评价

产品是企业的生命,而产品创新是推动企业发展的内在动力。产品创新研究对象的准确分析与确定是实现产品创新的关键。针对产品创新方案设计中创新对象难于准确选择的问题,提出了以功能评价系数确定算法为基础,以价值为评价尺度的产品创新研究对象的选择方法。通过对系统内各构成元素的定量评价,有层次地选择产品创新研究对象,为设计人员指明产品改进的方向。最后介绍了该方法在经济型加工中心方案设计中的应用。     

基于制造的产品创新与工艺创新的关联因素系统分析

基于系统的观点,对制造业企业产品创新与工艺创新的协同发展及其对产品创新与工艺创新活动的影响进行了研究,找出了产品创新与工艺创新的关联因素。在此基础上,针对产品创新与工艺创新的关联因素所组成的灰色系统,进行了产品创新与工艺创新关联因素的灰色关联分析,给出了分析过程和步骤,并进行了关联度的排序,得出了影响制造业企业产品创新与工艺创新协同发展的各关联因素的重要程度排序。     

浅论机械产品创新组织结构,创新过程和策略

产品创新管理是现代产品设计和制造系统管理研究的重点。本文阐述了产品创新策略、组织结构和创新过程及其相互关系,分析了工业化国家以汽车产品为代表的机械产品创新管理策略与体系的发展及演变,在对我国汽车制造企业现状分析的基础上,指出任何生搬硬套国外企业的现存的产品创新管理模式和组织机构都是行不通的。     

基于可创新度的产品属性重要度计算方法

现阶段的产品属性重要度计算方法忽视了其自身的可创新度,导致了对不具有创新度的产品属性投入大量资源但收获效果甚微的现象,为解决这一问题,提出考虑可创新度的产品属性重要度计算方法。首先分别采用比例标度法、专家群决策的方式对产品属性的技术创新度、市场竞争力和环保度进行计算;其次运用三维矢量余弦法对这3个指标进行集成,得到产品属性可创新度;最后基于产品属性初始重要度、可创新度计算了最终的产品属性重要度。以吸尘器为例验证了方法的可行性和有效性。     

论产品创新平台

针对现代企业产品创新难度日益增加的问题，提出了产品创新平台的概念。产品创新平台的建立和有效运行对产品创新的成败起着至关重要的作用，构建合理的产品创新平台，将会有力地提升企业乃至产业的核心竞争力。阐述了国内外产品创新平台的研究现状，分析了产品创新平台的内涵与结构，对产品创新平台的构建和运行机制进行了探讨，它对新经济时代企业的产品创新活动具有十分重要的现实意义。     

对陕西大中型企业产品创新体系建设的思考

分析、总结了陕西大中型企业产品创新体系建设的基本做法和存在的突出问题。在此基础上，提出注重企业人力资源投资、完善技术开发机构、增强研究与开发力量、拓宽筹资渠道、确定企业产品创新 体地位、营造有利于企业产品创新的外部环境等措施，以推进大中型企业产品创新体系建设的进程。     

模块化视角下产品的创新路径研究

产品创新是企业获取和保持竞争优势的重要手段,为支持企业产品创新的开展,需构建产品创新路径。基于模块化视角考虑产品创新过程,可将其划分为产品现状分析、产品模块划分、产品创新机会识别、产品创新设计等过程。在此基础上,引入相关创新理论与方法,构建一个集创新过程、创新理论、创新方法于一体的产品创新路径。最后以大型客机装配生产线为例,通过其创新过程验证了该产品创新路径的可行性和有效性,表明该产品创新路径能够有效支持产品创新的开展,具备一定的实践意义。     

面向经营的产品开发设计研究

面向经营的设计是解决产品开发有效性的新方法 ,论述面向经营的产品开发设计研究意义 ,综合归纳设计面向经营 (DFB)的研究内容 ,提出实施DFB的关键技术 ,建立面向经营的企业仿真模型和制造系统的设计流程与内容     

Evaluation of design alternatives in collaborative development and production of modular products

In the globally competitive business environment, collaborative product development has become an important strategy for enterprises to reduce risks and enhance their competitiveness. The planning phase becomes more significant and complicated when utilizing external resources to determine a product solution to achieve customer satisfaction and business goals. The decision process for assessing design alternatives depends on the tradeoffs between quality, time, and cost. In this research, we propose a framework for collaborative product development and production of modular products. It aims at linking customer requirements, generating design alternatives, and then evaluating and selecting these choices to determine the optimum solution. They are considered from both design aspects and manufacturing concerns. Product strategy is discussed as the most important factor in the evaluation process. Further, a practical application of a system-on-a-chip product planning process was carried out to demonstrate the completeness and benefit of our proposed framework.     

技术创新──企业发展的原动力

创新是企业发展的根本源泉和核心竞争能力。创新及其管理已经发展成为系统科学,创新不仅取决于个人的创造力,而成为可持续发展和可管理的过程。探讨了技术创新的定义、特征和类型,对企业的创新能力和创新企业文化的形成,建立鼓励创新的机制和创新能力评价体系作了详尽的阐述。分析了３种不同的创新策略,对技术创新的管理和实施的４个方面进行了全面的讨论。     

面向服务架构的敏捷制造及关键技术

首先研究敏捷制造及动态联盟等现代制造模式,分析了敏捷制造的内涵和面向服务的技术基础,利用面向服务的架构、业务流程管理和Web服务等相关的标准和技术构建了企业业务集成服务平台.在此基础上提出面向服务架构敏捷制造的4个关键技术,如企业应用体系结构、产品数据交换平台、请求服务平台、生产计划与动态调度.     

基于目标成本约束的机械产品配置研究

企业经营必然需要获取一定的利润以持续发展,而客户的个性化、多样化需求与企业批量化和标准化生产无疑成为一种矛盾.因此研究在目标成本约束下的产品配置模型和方法,以最低的成本,最快的速度配置出可让客户满意的产品具有重要的实用价值.虽然产品设计过程中,冲突是不可避免的,而研究冲突的消解策略,对于改进产品设计和提高企业效益都具有重要意义.     

Exploring barriers and opportunities in adopting crowdsourcing based new product development in manufacturing SMEs

Crowdsourcing is an innovative business practice of obtaining needed services, ideas, or content or even funds by soliciting contributions from a large group of people(the ‘Crowd'). The potential benefits of utilizing crowdsourcing in product design are well-documented, but little research exists on what are the barriers and opportunities in adopting crowdsourcing in new product development(NPD) of manufacturing SMEs. In order to answer the above questions, a Proof of Market study is carried out on crowdsourcing-based product design under an Innovate UK funded Smart project, which aims at identifying the needs, challenges and future development opportunities associated with adopting crowdsourcing strategies for NPD. The research findings from this study are reported here and can be used to guide future development of crowdsourcing-based collaborative design methods and tools and provide some practical references for industry to adopt this new and emerging collaborative design method in their business.     

Ahp model for the selection of partner companies in virtual enterprises

Rising product variety and complexity, shorter time frames to respond, and the continual need to gain new capabilities through innovativeness force the trend of outsourcing to be replaced by strategic alliances, where enterprises or individuals work together towards a common goal and share their responsibilities as well as their profits. Recent developments in information technology have enabled relatively inexpensive, reliable and fast networking to support such alliances in real time. In this context, the virtual enterprise (VE) represents an appropriate cooperation alternative and competitive advantage for the enterprises. VE is a temporary network of independent companies -- suppliers, customers, even rivals -- linked by information technology (IT) to share skills, costs and access to one another’s markets. In this emerging business model of virtual enterprise, the decision support functionality, which addresses issues such as partner company selection, is an important domain to be studied. In this paper, we propose an analytic hierarchy process model to contribute in the selection of the partner companies in the virtual enterprises. A case example is also covered to validate the feasibility of the adoption of the model in virtual enterprise situations.     

支持数字线索的产品数字空间管理框架研究与应用

数字线索和数字孪生是推动型号产品研制模式转型的变革性技术,如何建立适应数字线索应用的信息化系统成为企业关注的重要问题.在型号研制现状与需求的基础上,提出了由实体、模型、学科、过程和应用组成的产品数字空间管理框架,分析了管理框架下的深度模型集成、产品数据融合贯通和以流程为中心的业务协同三层次数字线索应用,最后,结合航天军...     

Performance Measurement in a Supply Chain

The supply chain is an important element in logistics development for all industries. It can improve efficiency and effectiveness of not only product transfer, but also information sharing between the complex hierarchy of all the tiers. There is no systematic grouping of the different performance measures in the existing literatures. This paper presents the formulisation of both quantitative and qualitative performance measurements for easy representation and understanding. Apart from the common criteria such as cost and quality, five other performance measurements are defined: resource utilisation; flexibility; visibility; trust; and innovativeness. In particular, new definitions are developed for visibility, trust, and innovativeness. Details of choices of these performance measurements are listed and suggested solutions are given, with the hope that a full picture of supply chain performance measurements is developed. In addition, a multi-attribute decision-making technique, an analytic hierarchy process (AHP), is used to make decisions based on the priority of performance measures. This paper outlines the application and particularly the pairwise comparison which helps to identify easily the importance of different performance measurements. An example from the electronic industry is used to demonstrate the AHP technique. ID="A1"Correspondance and offprint requests to: Dr F. T. S. Chan, Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong. E-mail: ftschan@hkucc.hku.hk