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1.
张凡  牛莉莎  史平安  莫军 《机械强度》2007,29(4):607-613
夹杂-基体界面脱粘是脆性基体复合材料在拉伸载荷下的主要损伤机制之一.同时,材料内部裂纹尖端附近区域因应力集中,往往具有相对较高的损伤可能性.文中提出一种以一类包含"非均匀相"的解析胞元为基础的数值方法,以考察脆性基体复合材料内部裂尖临域夹杂脱粘的发展以及此过程中应力强度因子的变化.该方法分别应用含夹杂与含裂尖的解析胞元,以精确描述夹杂-基体界面与裂纹尖端附近的高梯度场函数,并利用Weibull概率函数控制加载过程中夹杂脱粘的发生.应用此方法可方便地建立复合材料内部裂尖附近细观结构的有限元模型,预测各夹杂依次发生脱粘的过程,并获得夹杂脱粘概率与裂纹场应力强度因子随载荷的发展规律.根据模拟结果,详细讨论材料各方面性质对于裂尖附近区域力学行为的影响.  相似文献   

2.
纤维增强复合材料中纤维与树脂基体之间的过渡区域存在与二者性质不同的纤维/基体界面,如何合理地考虑界面相的介入是复合材料结构失效分析中的关键问题.基于纤维-基体-界面三相代表体元,发展了相应的微观失效准则、损伤退化模型和材料强度不确定性模型,建立了一种考虑界面相的多尺度有限元失效分析方法,实现了的热-机械载荷下的低温复合材料结构失效预测.并采用该方法对五种温度下三种典型复合材料层板进行失效分析,数值结果与试验结果相吻合,验证了该方法可以有效地对低温复合材料结构进行失效分析.  相似文献   

3.
采用喷射沉积法制备15%(体积分数)4.5 m SiCp/Al-20Si复合材料及其基体合金,研究该组材料的微观组织、力学性能、高周疲劳性能以及疲劳断口形貌。结果表明:SiC颗粒的加入有利于提高材料的力学性能;复合材料及其基体的高调疲劳寿命随应力幅值的减小而增加,在相同应力幅值下,复合材料的疲劳寿命远远高于基体合金。疲劳裂纹从大颗粒的初晶Si的断裂以及Si相脱离处形核,并开始扩展。对于复合材料而言,SiC颗粒尺寸较小,不容易发生断裂,在形核过程中,当裂纹遇到SiC颗粒时,裂纹或者避开增强体,或者受阻于SiC颗粒,只能在基体合金中扩展,从而扩大了疲劳形核区的面积,提高了材料的疲劳寿命。Si颗粒的脱离、Si相的断裂以及SiC颗粒与基体界面的脱粘是复合材料疲劳断裂失效的主要机制。  相似文献   

4.
《机械强度》2016,(5):1008-1015
建立了混杂复合材料纤维和纤维束两个尺度的三维有限元模型。纤维尺度模型包含了单种纤维和树脂基体,考虑了纤维、基体、纤维/基体界面等微观失效机理,以此得到了单种纤维复合材料(纤维束)的强度参数;纤维束尺度模型包含了不同种类的纤维束,考虑了纤维束自身及相邻纤维束之间界面的失效。模型中各组分材料的损伤和失效均采用粘聚力模型模拟,反映出材料中裂纹的分布和扩展情况。两级模型的计算均采用显式有限元算法,可考虑纤维断裂时释放出的能量对周围材料的冲击效应。两级模型还分别引入了纤维和纤维束强度参数的Weibull分布,考虑了破坏的随机性。用上述模型模拟了不同混杂比例、不同混杂方式的碳/玻纤维混杂复合材料拉伸失效过程。研究发现碳纤维束体积含量小于等于10%时有明显的二次破坏现象,此时夹芯混杂材料的最大伸长率和拉伸强度略高于分散混杂材料;当碳纤维束体积含量大于10%时,二次破坏不明显,且两种混杂方式对材料的强度影响不大。  相似文献   

5.
《机械强度》2015,(4):735-741
基于增量损伤理论,提出一个可描述颗粒增强复合材料渐进式脱粘损伤、基体塑性变形及颗粒尺寸效应的本构模型。采用双夹杂模型将韧性界面相嵌入到增量损伤理论模型,用界面分离的能量平衡式来描述颗粒增强复合材料的渐进式脱粘损伤。该模型可研究颗粒尺寸效应和界面性能对复合材料应力-应变关系的影响,并可解释界面相对复合材料力学性能的颗粒尺寸效应的影响。  相似文献   

6.
使用了光弹性方法初步研究了复合材料的界面断裂规律 ,观察了裂纹沿界面的扩展过程 ,界面的应力分布 ,并结合断裂力学方法计算了复合材料界面的脱粘强度。实验现象揭示了当裂纹扩展到界面附近时 ,若基体和增强项的强度都大于界面结合强度 ,裂纹前端的应力首先通过界面脱粘而释放掉一部分 ,裂纹越过基体先沿着界面扩展 ,达到一定程度后基体再发生基体裂纹扩展  相似文献   

7.
《机械科学与技术》2017,(10):1611-1618
为了研究纤维增强复合材料在横向拉压载荷下的力学性能,采用细观力学有限元法与随机扰动法建立了表述复合材料微观结构的纤维随机分布代表性体积单元。对于界面脱粘与基体塑性变形这两种主要的损伤模式,分别用界面内聚力单元模型、基体Drucker-Prager弹塑性模型模拟,并结合塑性失效准则模拟基体的初始损伤与断裂,得出了材料在外载作用下的渐进损伤过程,并与试验结果进行了对比验证。此外,还总结了界面刚度、界面强度、界面断裂能等细观参数对损伤本构的影响规律。  相似文献   

8.
用细观力学的方法对陶瓷颗粒增强金属基复合材料进行研究,把材料简化为三相模型,陶瓷粒子和基体壳简化为椭球形二相胞元,用Mori-Tanaka法建立二相胞元的刚度预报模型.结果表明,二相胞元为横观各向同性,具有5个独立的弹性常数.据二相胞元方位的随机性,由应力应变换轴公式和物理方程确定复合材料的平均应变,进而得到复合材料的等效弹性模量和等效泊松比以及等效刚度模量的理论计算公式,并通过对所建模型的分析,确定各参量与陶瓷颗粒含量之间的关系.  相似文献   

9.
针对多层界面相对陶瓷基复合材料(CMCs)横向开裂行为的影响进行了细观有限元模拟。在代表体单元模型中,按照界面相各亚层的实际厚度建立多层界面相几何模型,然后赋予各亚层对应的组分材料参数,建立细观有限元模型。在此基础上,分别采用扩展有限单元法(XFEM)和内聚力界面模型来模拟CMCs中的开裂裂纹和脱粘裂纹,实现复合材料横向开裂过程的模拟。对单层BN界面相和(BN/Si C/BN)、(BN/Si C/BN/Si C/BN)两种多层界面相的模拟结果进行了对比。可以看出,所研究的Si C/Si C复合材料在横向载荷作用下,首先在纤维与界面相之间产生脱粘裂纹,脱粘裂纹扩展后引起外侧基体开裂,最终引起复合材料横向失效;与单层界面相相比,多层界面相将引起不同形态的脱粘裂纹,其横向开裂应变高于单层界面相,开裂位置也存在显著差异。  相似文献   

10.
陶瓷基复合材料低循环拉—拉疲劳寿命预测   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
采用细观力学方法建立预测纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料低循环拉—拉疲劳寿命的模型。该模型考虑初始加载到疲劳峰值应力时,基体出现裂纹,纤维/基体界面发生脱粘,部分纤维将发生断裂,并采用统计方法得到初始加载到峰值应力时的纤维失效体积分数;在后续循环过程中,考虑纤维相对基体在界面脱粘区滑移造成界面切应力下降,纤维失效模型与Evans界面磨损模型相结合,得到循环过程中纤维失效体积分数与界面切应力、循环数之间的关系;当纤维失效导致剩余强度下降,并小于疲劳峰值应力时,判断材料失效。采用剩余强度方法对陶瓷基复合材料的S-N曲线进行预测,并将预测的S-N曲线与试验数据进行对比,结果吻合较好。  相似文献   

11.
This paper deals with influence of particle volume fraction and debonding damage between particles and matrix on the stress-strain response in particle-reinforced ductile matrix composites. Tensile tests are carried out on seven kinds of glass-particle-reinforced nylon 66 composites, which are different in a particle volume fraction and treatment of interface between the particles and matrix. The stress-strain response of the composites depends on both the particle volume fraction and the interface treatment. Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio are characterized by only the particle volume fraction, while tensile strength depends on both the particle volume fraction and interface treatment. With increasing particle volume fraction, the tensile strength increases first and then becomes constant in the interface-treated composites, and decreases in the interface-untreated composites. Numerical analyses of the stress-strain response and damage behavior of the composites are carried out based on an incremental damage theory which describes the plasticity of the matrix and the debonding damage. The stress-strain relations of the interface treated composites are characterized only by influence of particle volume fraction while those of the interface-untreated composites are explained by considering the particle volume fraction and interfacial debonding.  相似文献   

12.
Matrix/reinforcement interface has a critical role in determining the properties of metal matrix composites (MMCs). Properties of matrix/reinforcement interface depend on the fabrication method. The main problem in the fabrication of MMCs is wettability between reinforcing particles and molten alloy. Al206/5 vol% aluminap cast composites were fabricated by the addition of reinforcing particles into molten Al alloy, semi-solid and liquid states, in two different forms: (1) as-received alumina (nano/micro) particles and (2) pre-synthesized composite reinforcement prepared via ball milling of alumina (nano/micro) with Al and Mg powders (master metal matrix composite). The effects of powder addition techniques, alumina/matrix interfacial bonding strength, and morphological characteristics of alumina particles on wear behavior were investigated. A new combination parameter, called alumina particle appearance (APA) index, was introduced. APA index approximates the collective effects of morphological characteristics of alumina particles on wear behavior. It is suggested that samples with lower APA index have superior wear properties. Microscopic examinations of the composite and matrix alloy and alumina/matrix interface were studied by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that wear resistance was increased in the composites fabricated by the addition of pre-synthesized reinforcing particles into molten alloy in the semi-solid state. Improvement in wear resistance is attributed to higher bonding strength of matrix/reinforcement as well lower APA index compared to those prepared via as-received alumina particles.  相似文献   

13.
含圆形夹杂两相材料界面变形与损伤特性的数值模拟   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
为模拟复合材料界面行为,利用界面破坏单元和有限元程序,对金属基复合材料Al基体含Al2O3圆形夹杂的界面破坏行为进行一系列的数值模拟,分别采用切向和法向耦合的界面弹簧单元SPRINGA和由自编的非实体四节点界面单元等模型;比较各种界面模型的差别。由计算结果可知,考虑界面层的计算模型比不考虑界面层时合理;采用破坏型界面层即在界面处加入破坏弹簧或非实体破坏单元的计算模型比仅加入一层实体界面层的计算模型合理;加入破坏型界面层时,界面层力学性质的描述与参数值的给定对计算结果有重要的影响。  相似文献   

14.
采用真空热压粉末冶金烧结工艺制备了含SiC颗粒体积分数分别为 5 %、15 %和 2 5 %的SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料 ,结合其力学性能、扫描电镜和界面微区能谱分析结果 ,分析了SiC/Al复合材料的真空烧结过程中的界面现象 ,以及材料增强和断裂机理。结果表明 ,真空烧结过程中出现了界面反应 ,改善了界面结合强度 ,断裂破坏主要在基体上进行。随着SiC粒子体积分数的增加 ,SiCp/Al复合材料的抗拉强度增加 ,弹性模量显著增加 ,延伸率降低 ,材料脆性增加。  相似文献   

15.
The strength of particle-reinforced composites is size-dependent such that the composite strength increases as the particle size decreases. This length scale is attributed to the geometrically necessary dislocations punched around a particle during cooling after consolidation due to CTE mismatch between the particle and the matrix. Additional geometrically necessary dislocations due to the elastic-plastic mismatch between the particle and the matrix during extensive deformation also contribute to the particle-size-dependent length scale. In this study, the length-scale-dependent strengthening of particle-reinforced metal matrix composites are examined using two-step, strain gradient plasticity based finite-element computation for considering the effects of these two types of dislocations. The effective plastic strain gradient for the calculation of enhanced strengthening is evaluated with the low order elements using an isoparametric interpolation of the averaged-at-nodal plastic strain. The results from the proposed method along with the interface decohesion for SiCp/A356-T6 composites are in good agreement with the published experimental data. Additional predictions for different particle sizes, shapes and arrangements show qualitatively that the length scale according to the particle size obviously affects strengthening of the particulate-reinforced metal matrix composites.  相似文献   

16.
Plastic deformation behavior of a stainless-steel/Sn−Bi composite was examined using transverse compression tests on rectangular specimens under plane strain loadings. Based on the anisotropic yield criterion proposed by Hill, a theoretical analysis on the relationship between the yield strength of the matrix material and the yield strength of the composite was developed and compared to experimental results. Experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of the forming parameters such as yield strength of the matrix material, fiber packing patterns, fiber volume fraction, and lubrication of the compression platens, on the plastic deformation behavior of the metal matrix composite. Failure modes of the composite included shear band formation and eye formation at the fiber-matrix interface. Low deformability in the transverse directions was found for the metal matrix composite specimen. The theoretical and experimental results on the effects of the forming parameters provide basic information for further research on the transverse compression of metal matrix composite materials.  相似文献   

17.
The elastic–plastic behaviour of particle-reinforced metal matrix composites undergoing ductile damage is modelled using a two-level micro-structural approach. The considered heterogeneous material is a polycrystal containing intra-crystalline elastic particles. Ductile damage is initiated by the matrix/particle interface debonding and the subsequent voids growth with plastic straining of the crystalline matrix. Homogenization techniques are used twice: first at mesoscale to derive the equivalent grain behaviour and then to obtain the macroscopic behaviour of the material. Plastic deformation of the crystalline matrix is due to crystallographic gliding on geometrically well-defined slip systems. The associative plastic flow rule and the hardening law are described on the slip system level. The evolution of micro-voids volume fraction is related to the plastic strain. The elastic–plastic stress–strain response of particle composite is investigated. Predictions of the proposed model are compared to experimental data to illustrate the capability of the suggested method to represent material behaviour. Furthermore, specific aspects such as the stress triaxiality and yield surfaces are discussed.  相似文献   

18.
The present work is to examine the failure modes and failure loads in pin joints prepared from carbon/epoxy composite laminates with addition of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as nanofillers. The effect of MWCNT in the carbon/epoxy composites was studied by adding 0.1 to 0.5 wt.% content in the epoxy resin. The maximum tensile strength was observed upto 0.3 wt.%, which is due to the enhanced interfacial bond strength and the efficient stress transfer between the stiff MWCNT and soft polymer matrix through refined polymer/MWCNT interface. The nanocomposite laminates for pin joints were prepared using optimised 0.3 wt.% of MWCNT. The different geometric combinations of width to diameter (W/D) and edge to diameter (E/D) ratios were varied from 2 to 5, respectively. The numerical analysis was performed using Hashin damage criteria along with progressive damage analysis to compare the predicted failure loads with the experimental results.  相似文献   

19.
A three-dimensional (3D) Finite element (FE)-based progressive damage model, which considers the interface matrix layer between two neighboring laminae as a layer of cohesive elements, is proposed to analyze laminated composite plates. An elasto-plastic damage model is integrated with the FE-based program ABAQUS that uses user-defined material subroutine. The present damage model includes fiber failure, matrix failure, and delamination effects. A cohesive zone model, which is available in ABAQUS and uses cohesive elements, is combined with the proposed model to address the delamination damage in the interface layers. 3D solid brick elements are used to model composite layers, and cohesive zone elements are used in between two composite layers to model the adhesive layers. The proposed model has been applied for the progressive damage simulation of AS4/PEEK composite laminates under in-plane and uniaxial tensile loading.  相似文献   

20.
Damage accumulation and failure behaviors are crucial concerns during the design and service of a critical component, leading researchers and engineers to thoroughly identifying the crack evolution. Third-generation synchrotron radiation X-ray computed microtomography can be used to detect the inner damage evolution of a large-density material or component. This paper provides a brief review of studying the crack initiation and propagation inside lightweight materials with advanced synchrotron three-dimensional (3D) X-ray imaging, such as aluminum materials. Various damage modes under both static and dynamic loading are elucidated for pure aluminum, aluminum alloy matrix, aluminum alloy metal matrix composite, and aluminum alloy welded joint. For aluminum alloy matrix, metallurgical defects (porosity, void, inclusion, precipitate, etc.) or artificial defects (notch, scratch, pit, etc.) strongly affect the crack initiation and propagation. For aluminum alloy metal matrix composites, the fracture occurs either from the particle debonding or voids at the particle/matrix interface, and the void evolution is closely related with fatigued cycles. For the hybrid laser welded aluminum alloy, fatigue cracks usually initiate from gas pores located at the surface or sub-surface and gradually propagate to a quarter ellipse or a typical semi-ellipse profile.  相似文献   

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