基于粒子群算法的机翼蒙皮层合板铺层参数设计

在复合材料机翼蒙皮的设计中,上蒙皮的稳定性和面内刚度问题一直被重点关注.为研究蒙皮铺层参数对稳定性和面内刚度的影响,文中建立了基于粒子群算法的权重理想点法的多目标优化模型,并对机翼蒙皮层合板在不增加结构质量的前提下进行蒙皮刚度和稳定性的多目标优化设计.提出的权重理想点法可以使多目标问题更灵活和简洁地转化为单目标优化问题.针对层合板优化的特点,在标准粒子群算法中引入自适应惯性权重和变异策略,提高了优化精度.最后对4种蒙皮层合板进行了优化计算,得到的数据对工程实际设计机翼蒙皮层合板铺层参数有参考价值.     

复合材料层合板基于遗传算法的可靠性优化设计

采用遗传算法对复合材料层合板的可靠性优化问题进行了分析。本文研究的算例中 ,在层合结构总厚度一定的情况下 ,以复合材料层合板的系统可靠性指标最大为目标函数 ,对复合材料的纤维方向角或相对厚度进行了优化设计。可靠性分析中 ,采用一次二阶矩法 (FORM)和Tsai Wu准则分析层合板结构的失效概率。算例阐明了遗传算法应用于层合板结构可靠性优化设计的有效性。     

CFRP汽车防撞梁结构/材料一体化优化设计

针对复合材料汽车防撞梁结构布局和层合板铺层优化问题,提出以防撞梁强度最大为目标,宏观结构与层合板铺层角为变量的结构/材料双尺度优化设计方法。结构层面采用B样条对防撞梁轮廓曲线进行参数化表达,并改变防撞梁截面关键尺寸,构建几何模型;材料层面考虑铺层角对层合板性能带来的影响,采用0°、±45°、90°四种标准铺层角进行铺设。通过自适应遗传算法对结构与材料两个层面的设计变量进行初始化,实现了适用于复合材料汽车防撞梁的结构/材料一体化优化设计。结果表明:防撞梁结构的强度较优化之前升幅为81.41%,且最大等效应力下降至64.885MPa,小于CFRP材料的极限强度,优化结果达到预期效果。     

基于最终失效强度的层合板结构的鲁棒优化分析

采用有限元方法分析复合材料层合板结构的最终失效强度，并以此对结构进行优化和鲁棒优化分析。层合板结构同时承受面内和面外载荷，每个单层板考虑基体失效和纤维断裂两种失效模式。当某一单层失效后采用比率退化法计算结构新的刚度，然后重新进行结构分析，直到求得结构的最终失效强度。以纤维方向角和层合板厚度作为设计变量，最终失效强度为目标，对结构进行优化。在此基础上，考虑了层合板结构的鲁棒优化分析。     

基于modeFrontier和ABAQUS的复合材料层合板开口补强优化设计

航空航天结构中的复合材料层合板开口补强问题一直受到关注。以含中心矩形开口复合材料层合板为研究对象,在拉伸、压缩、剪切载荷下采用不同补强材料及不同补强形式,使用mode Frontier软件与ABAQUS软件集成优化的方式,对补强结构参数进行了优化设计。对不同补强形式、不同补强材料下最优化结构质量进行对比分析。研究表明,三种补强方式中插层补强最优化结构形式最优,补强后结构质量最轻。     

基于复合材料层板稳定性的铺层参数优化设计方法

提出一种基于复合材料层板稳定性的铺层参数优化设计方法,首先利用最大应变能准则优化分层厚度,利用库塔条件推导出层合板单元厚度迭代公式优化单元厚度,两步交替进行,完成层板厚度与铺层比例优化;在此基础上采用遗传算法优化层合板铺层顺序,最终设计出满足稳定性要求的最佳层合板铺层.通过算例分析表明,文中方法与传统方法相比收敛速度明显提高.同时,最佳的厚度分布也为层合板加筋设计提供理论参考.     

无人机复合材料尾翼结构的优化设计

建立了无人机复合材料尾翼结构的分析和优化模型,在结构初始尺寸的基础上,首先以复合材料失效因子和金属结构许用应力为约束,开展了以结构质量最小为目标,以各部件厚度为设计变量的优化设计。在尺寸优化结果的基础上,采用等效弯曲刚度法优化得到了层合板的最优铺层顺序。优化结果表明:优化后尾翼的结构质量明显降低,静力计算结果满足设计要求。     

基于改进模拟退火算法的复合材料层合板屈曲优化

针对复合材料层合板的屈曲优化问题,提出一种改进的直接搜索模拟退火算法来求解最大化临界屈曲载荷系数的铺层顺序设计问题。改进算法引入搜索范围动态调整的新点产生方式实现全局搜索和局部搜索的协调,提高了算法的计算稳定性和计算效率。以离散铺层角为设计变量,采用里兹法进行屈曲响应分析以考虑弯扭耦合影响,通过典型多极值屈曲优化问题分析比较了算法改进措施的有效性。不同角度增量、铺层数、长宽比和载荷比的层合板屈曲优化结果表明,改进算法能有效地进行层合板铺层顺序优化。     

基于自适应遗传算法的层合板铺层优化设计

针对复合材料层合板结构设计中因铺层角度多变、难以确定最优铺层方案的问题,提出一种基于自适应遗传算法的铺层优化设计方案。该方案以层合板铺层角度为变量,以层合板最大形变量为优化目标,采用整数编码策略,运用MATLAB平台进行遗传算法设计。在寻优过程中调用ABAQUS对层合板进行有限元分析并将分析结果返回至MATLAB进行优化计算。通过对比经典遗传算法表明,该算法收敛快,更易达到优化设计的目的。     

激振器支承弹簧板的动态优化设计

以E型电动式激振器为基础。为抑制激振器工作频宽内的尖峰及减小对被测试件的附加刚度．对激振器的支撑弹簧板采用由碳纤维／树脂基（T300/QY8911）组成的复合材料层合板结构，并以铺层角和铺层厚度作为设计变量对其进行动态优化设计，结果表明，采用优化后的复合材料层合板结构的激振器，保证丁激振器的低频性能。且有效地抑制了工作频宽内的尖峰。     

Topology design and analysis of compliant mechanisms with composite laminated plates

To improve the small deformation and high stress level in hinge zones of compliant mechanisms with isotropic material, a topology optimization method of compliant mechanisms with composite laminated plates was proposed. Based on the anisotropy and designability of composite laminated plates, a topology optimization model of compliant mechanisms with composite laminated plates was built to maximize the deformable capability. Numerical examples of designing compliant inverters and grippers were investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The influence mechanism of layer sequences on topologic shapes, deformation and loading capability were also discussed. The results showed that the deformable capability and stress levels of compliant mechanisms with composite laminated plates were further improved by a reasonable configuration of layer sequences.

     

Effect of loading and lamination parameters on the optimum design of laminated plates

This paper illustrates the effect of loading conditions and lamination parameters on the optimum design of the laminated composite plates. Optimum design procedure based on the flexibility criterion is presented in this paper. The objective is to determine the optimum thickness of the laminate layers and its optimum orientations without exhibiting any failure. The finite element method based on Mindlin plate theory is used in conjunction with an optimization method in order to determine the optimum design. Newmark implicit time integration scheme is used to discretize the time domain and calculate the transient response of the laminated plate. Exterior penalty method is exploited as a constrained minimization technique. For this purpose, four numerical examples are presented to figure out the effects of dynamic loading profile, boundary conditions, number of layers, and degree of orthotropy on the optimum weight design.     

Modal characteristics of symmetrically laminated composite plates flexibly restrained at different locations

A method for determining modal characteristics (natural frequencies and mode shapes) of symmetrically laminated composite plates restrained by elastic supports at different locations in the interior and on the edges of the plates is presented. The classical lamination theory together with an appropriate set of characteristic functions are used in the Rayleigh-Ritz method to formulate the eigenvalue problem for determining the modal characteristics of the flexibly supported laminated composite plates. Sweep-sine vibration testing of several laminated composite plates flexibly restrained at different locations on the plates is performed to measure their natural frequencies. The close agreement between the experimental and theoretical natural frequencies of the plates has verified the accuracy of the proposed method. The effects of elastic restraint locations on the modal characteristics of flexibly supported laminated composite plates with different lamination arrangements and aspect ratios are studied using the present method. The usefulness of the results obtained for predicting sound radiation behavior of flexibly supported laminated composite plates is discussed.     

基于改进粒子群优化算法的复合材料可靠性优化设计

提出了一种可用于求解非线性约束优化问题的改进粒子群算法,并将其用于求解复合材料可靠性优化设计。在满足层合结构系统可靠度的情况下,以总厚度最小为目标函数,对复合材料的纤维方向角和厚度进行优化设计。结果表明,改进粒子群算法不但具备基本算法的简单易实现、需调整参数少的特性,而且能够在确保全局收敛性的基础上,快速搜索到高质量的优化解,对复合材料层合结构的可靠性优化设计十分有效。     

Optimum design of composite laminated plates via a multi-objective function

This paper deals with the optimum design of composite laminated plates under stiffness and gauge constraints. A multi-objective function which combines the plate weight and the strain energy stored in the plate by weighting parameters is introduced. This objective function is minimized while satisfying constraints such as the structural deformation and the limits on design variables. Both ply orientation angles and ply thicknesses of the composite plate are used as the design variables. The stiffness analysis is performed by the finite element method in which a triangular element is used that is suitable for the analysis of thin to thick plates and includes the transverse shear effects. Analyses of the derivatives of the objective function and the constraint functions with respect to the design variables is performed analytically. The mathematical programming method called the constrained variable metric is used to solve this optimum problem. An example is provided for the optimal design of a rectangular laminated plate.     

复合材料层合板阻尼特性有限元数值模拟

应用耗散能原理建立了复合材料层合板的阻尼预测分析模型,对复合材料层合板进行三维有限元模态分析,求出各个模态下的应力、应变分量。根据模态分析结果,从单向复合材料的阻尼性能参数出发,利用层合板应变能、耗散能和结构模态阻尼的关系求出各个模态对应的模态阻尼损耗因子。利用该方法,分别计算了单向层合板和对称层合板的结构模态阻尼损耗因子。数值计算结果与已有的理论分析和试验结果相比吻合较好,从而验证了该方法的合理性,该方法还可以比较三维应力分量对阻尼的贡献。     

Interlaminar stress analysis of general composite laminates

In this study, based on the reduced from of elasticity displacement field for a long laminate, an analytical method is established to exactly obtain the interlaminar stresses near the free edges of generally laminated composite plates under the extension and bending. The constant parameters, which describe the global deformation of a laminate, are properly computed by means of the improved first-order shear deformation theory. Reddy's layerwise theory is subsequently utilized for analytical and numerical examinations of the boundary layer stresses within arbitrary laminated composite plates. A variety of numerical results are obtained for the interlaminar normal and shear stresses along the interfaces and through the thickness of laminates near the free edges. Finally the effects of end conditions of laminates on the boundary-layer stress are examined.     

Free-edge stresses in general composite laminates

In the present study, by starting from the reduced form of elasticity displacement field for a long flat laminate, an analytical method is developed in order to accurately calculate the interlaminar stresses near the free edges of generally laminated composite plates under extension. The constant parameter appearing in the reduced displacement field, which describes the global rotational deformation of a laminate, is appropriately obtained by employing an improved first-order shear deformation theory. The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed first-order theory are verified by means of comparison with the results of Reddy's layerwise theory as a three-dimensional benchmark. Reddy's layerwise theory is then utilized for analytical and numerical investigations of the boundary-layer stresses within arbitrarily laminated composite plates. Various numerical examples are presented for the interlaminar normal and shear stresses along the interfaces and through the thickness of laminates in the vicinity of the free edges. The effects of end conditions of laminates, fibers orientation angles as well as the stacking sequences of the layers within laminates, and geometric parameters on the boundary-layer stresses are presented and discussed.     

电动车复合材料电池盒轻量化设计方法

为了减小电动汽车车体的质量，分析了电动汽车电池盒的承载特点，基于刚度等效的设计方法，采用复合材料替代金属材料。应用复合材料的叠层结构力学理论对电池盒体进行叠层结构构建，建立了力学方程和优化方程，确定了复合材料电池盒的结构参数。为了验证轻量化效果，运用理论解析和有限元数值分析相结合的方法，对比了金属材料和复合材料的刚度和形变，研究结果表明：采用复合材料利用刚度等效设计法是对电动汽车零部件进行轻量化设计的有效途径，也可为汽车板型零件承载结构的轻量化设计提供借鉴。