基于Camera Link标准的DSP＋FPGA高速实时数字图像处理系统设计

针对数字图像处理系统数据量大、实时性高、体积小的要求,介绍了一种基于DSP（TMS320C6416）和FPGA（EP2C70）的高速实时数字图像处理系统,阐述了该系统的设计思路、硬件结构、工作原理,并详细描述了该系统的Camera Link硬件接口电路模块、FPGA数据采集和逻辑控制模块、DSP图像处理模块。该系统已经成功应用到实际项目中、图像采集效果满足设计要求。     

基于双DSP的图像处理系统硬件设计

介绍以两片TI公司生产的数字信号处理器TMS320C6203B为核心,用可编程逻辑阵列CPLD进行逻辑控制,采用现场可编程门阵列FPGA进行图像预处理,MCBSP同步串口用于两片DSP之间的通讯,实现了双DSP图像处理系统的硬件设计.该系统通过双DSP同时工作来实现对图像的实时采集、处理.     

基于OpenCV的机器视觉图像处理技术实现

阐述了在VC＋＋下安装、构建OpenCV编译环境的方法及OpenCV应用程序框架的建立.应用OpenCV视频图像采集技术,在实验室中获取3幅图像,在对数字图像处理技术进行理论分析的基础上,利用OpenCV实现了对采集图像截取感兴趣的区域、对图像进行边缘检测、对图像进行角点探测等技术.     

应用DSP实现红外热像仪数字口图像的模拟显示

本文介绍了采集红外热像仪的数字口图像,经滤波后统计十四位数字图像直方图,通过图像处理方法将十四位数字图像拉伸成十位数字图像,经D/A变换后输出模拟图像的方法.以TI公司生产的数字信号处理器TMS320C6203B为核心,用可编程逻辑阵列CPLD进行逻辑控制,实现了对数字口图像的实时采集、拉伸等处理.     

轴承标志缺陷检测系统的设计与实现

针对目前国内对轴承标志缺陷在线检测的要求及传统人工检测方法的不足,设计了一套基于TMS320DM642的轴承标志缺陷在线检测系统。该系统硬件平台主要包括视频编解码芯片、可编程逻辑控制器CPLD和核心处理器DSP;软件设计主要有图像采集、图像预处理、标志识别等;现场控制系统则通过PLC进行控制。工业现场检测结果表明,该系统的正确率高达99%,可满足轴承标志缺陷的在线实时检测。     

基于FPGA的MEE畸变实时校正系统设计

介绍了医用电子内窥镜畸变实时校正系统的原理与设计实现.在硬件设计中采用视频编码器和视频解码器分别实现对输入模拟信号的解码和输出数字信号的编码,并以SRAM作为输入畸变图像和输出校正图像的存储器.系统的控制中心选用可编程逻辑器件FPGA,以实现对硬件系统功能的灵活修改和扩充.     

基于DSP的轴承外观表面缺陷检测系统

针对滚动轴承外观表面缺陷依靠人工检测,提出了一种利用数字图像处理技术实现对滚动轴承外观表面缺陷的在线检测.以TMS320DM643为核心器件建立了实时数字图像处理的硬件系统,通过CCD摄像机获取轴承外观表面的视频图像,利用图像分割等算法对视频图像进行处理,提取轴承外观表面缺陷,实验结果表明,该系统可有效地检测出表面外观有缺陷的滚动轴承.     

基于IBIS5-B-1300的视频采集和显示系统设计

设计了一个基于CMOS图像传感器的视频采集和实时显示系统,详细介绍了系统的软硬件设计。系统采用IBIS5-B-1300作为视频采集的核心器件,通过数字编码器BT856将图像传感器采集到的图像数据实时地转换为兼容模拟监视器的复合视频信号,实现了视频的高速采集和实时显示。实验结果表明:该系统成像清晰可靠,实时性高,图像采集和显示帧率均达到50帧/s,能够很好地完成高速视频采集与监视的任务。     

医用电子内窥镜成像系统的研制

利用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)作为主控芯片,研制了医用电子内窥镜的成像系统。主要包括4个部分:光学成像系统,CCD驱动、图像采集、编码电路(驱动CCD、控制图像采集与编码),彩色图像畸变实时校正系统(用于实时在线校正内窥镜光学系统的畸变),视频驱动亮度控制系统(调节光源的发光亮度)。最终研制成具有高分辨率(702×576)彩色图像畸变实时校正功能的医用电子内窥镜系统。     

轴承外观缺陷检测系统的设计与实现

针对目前国内对轴承外观在线检测系统的要求和传统人工检测方法的不足,设计一套基于TMS320DM642的轴承外观缺陷在线检测系统。该系统硬件平台主要包括视频编解码模块、存储器模块、可编程逻辑控制器CPLD模块及核心DSP芯片;软件设计包括轴承图像采集、图像预处理、图像定位与剪裁、差影处理、形态学运算及缺陷标记识别等。实验结果表明,该系统稳定、识别率高、实时性好且可满足轴承外观缺陷的在线实时检测。     

A microcomputer based digital imaging system for ion microanalysis

A microcomputer based digital imaging system was developed for a Cameca IMS-3f ion microscope permitting real-time digital acquisition of secondary ion images. Image signal-to-noise enhancement results from random noise reduction by real-time ensemble averaging and from a reduction of pattern noise in the charge injection device (CID) array by subtraction of blank frames. Acquired images comprise 244times248 pixel arrays with 8-bit intensity resolution. Images are displayed on a colour monitor in a grey scale or pseudo-colour using one of four programmable lookup tables. Image processing software permits off-line ion image enhancement and manipulation as well as multitechnique digital image correlations. System capability is illustrated by a biological example involving digital imaging studies of Al distribution in osteomalacic bone tissue, including correlative light microscopy and ion microanalysis.     

通用多通道数字下变频器的优化与实现

针对传统的多通道数字下变频处理运算量大、逻辑资源利用率低、难以实现同时对各通道高速率的数字中频信号进行实时处理的缺点,研究提出了一种通用的多通道数字下变频优化方案,并将其在现场可编程门阵列( FPGA)平台上实现.该方案采用相位旋转和分时复用技术,实现了对数字本振、半带滤波器及低通滤波器等组件的复用,提高FPGA逻辑资源的利用效率.实验结果表明,该方案能有效减少多通道数字下变频处理的运算量,以较少的FPGA逻辑资源实现对高速数字中频信号的实时处理,并且具备良好的移植性.     

采用DSP的电视测量跟踪器的研制

采用DSP+FPGA的线性流水阵列结构的数字图像处理器完成目标数据采集和处理,研制了基于DSP的电视测量跟踪器.针对欲测量地标的背景复杂的情况,在图像处理算法上采用基于遗传算法的图像模板匹配算法,有效降低了计算量,提高了匹配精度,取得了较好的实验效果.该算法还具有每帧图像匹配计算时间基本恒定的优点,便于在实际系统中采用.     

并行数字下变频中的NCO实现研究

受数字信号处理器件处理速度的制约,宽带数字中频处理带宽、滤波器性能等重要指标难以提高。硬件实现时FPGA(field programmable gate array)无法提供与采样率相匹配的数据处理速度直接对原始采样数据下变频,将多相结构应用到传统的数字下变频运算中。推导了应用于数字下变频多相结构的多路NCO(numerically controlled oscillator)数字本振信号数学表达式,并讨论了在FPGA中实现多路NCO时相关参数的选取原则。MATLAB仿真结果及硬件平台验证了采用多路NCO本振信号实现数字下变频的正确性。     

A simple method for the acquisition of high-quality digital images from analog scanning electron microscopes

A method is described for converting video signals of analog scanning electron microscopes (SEMs) into digital images of high quality. A plug-in card commercially available for personal computers is used for the on-line analog/digital conversion. A Windows application program written by the authors, together with low-level software drivers supplied with the plug-in card, allow digital images to be recorded, to be displayed simultaneously on the computer monitor and to be saved as a file in a standardized format. Compared to conventional photographic images obtained from the SEM camera system, the digital images possess superior sharpness of outline, excellent image definition, diminished noise and well-defined grey-scale tones. This method provides SEM images of high quality for less than $1000 from most older analog SEMs. In addition, the advantages of digital image processing can be applied to analog SEMs, including contrast enhancement, digital filtering and multichannel recording.     

New field programmable gate array-based image-oriented acquisition and real-time processing applied to plasma facing component thermal monitoring

During operation of present fusion devices, the plasma facing components (PFCs) are exposed to high heat fluxes. Understanding and preventing overheating of these components during long pulse discharges is a crucial safety issue for future devices like ITER. Infrared digital cameras interfaced with complex optical systems have become a routine diagnostic to measure surface temperatures in many magnetic fusion devices. Due to the complexity of the observed scenes and the large amount of data produced, the use of high computational performance hardware for real-time image processing is then mandatory to avoid PFC damages. At Tore Supra, we have recently made a major upgrade of our real-time infrared image acquisition and processing board by the use of a new field programmable gate array (FPGA) optimized for image processing. This paper describes the new possibilities offered by this board in terms of image calibration and image interpretation (abnormal thermal events detection) compared to the previous system.     

基于数字图像处理的微光电视像质改善

针对微光电视图像像质缺陷,提出了基于数字图像处理的解决方法。讨论了对微光电视图像进行数字化处理的基本要求,论述了微光电视图像的像质缺陷来源和特点。针对微光电视图像的噪声污染现象,给出了用两种适用实时处理的空间域去除噪声方法。采用直方图均衡化的灰度变换方法来克服微光电视图像显视动态范围偏低的缺点,并通过编程得到了可行有益的微光电视图像的像质改善效果。     

Microcomputer system for ion microscopy digital imaging and processing

Analytical ion microscopy is a powerful tool for biological tissue analysis as it allows direct chemical distribution imaging, even at low element concentrations. A microcomputer based digital imaging system achieving acquisition at low light level is presented. It includes a high sensitivity video camera connected to a specialized image processor subsystem. Acquired images consist of 512 times 512 pixels with 8 bits accuracy. Real-time image processing software has been implemented so that image processing may be performed on-line. Image processing software allows off-line image manipulation and correlation for biological interpretation of elemental mapping images. System capabilities are illustrated by a study of stable and radio iodine mapping in rat thyroid tissue.     

数码相机的彩色图像预处理过程

结合数码相机图像采集特性和人眼视觉误差,讨论了彩色图像预处理过程.通过分析彩色图像的数据格式,将八叉树量化方法用于彩色图像的颜色信息量化,并采用矢量中值滤波消除彩色图像噪声,以实现对彩色图像的合理预处理.结合实验讨论分析了矢量中值滤波法的滤波器窗口参数,并结合颜色信息相似度理论提出了彩色图像预处理效果的评价方法.实验获得了合理的颜色量化方法和滤波器窗口参数,处理得到的图像最大色差变化控制在3个CIELAB色差单位.结果表明,用八叉树结构量化和矢量中值滤波对数码相机采集到的彩色图像进行预处理可达到较理想的效果.     

A digital dynamic amplitude-frequency spectrum analyzer

A new method for recurrent calculations of spectral coefficients is used in the analyzer. A spectrum analyzer developed in accordance with up-to-date digital processing conceptions is based on very-large-scale-integration components, such as a high-speed field programmable gate array (FPGA) and a specialized signal microprocessor. The analyzer is based on a personal computer PCI card and operates on the Windows platform.